U.S. Constitution Annotated (CONAN)
Clause-by-clause commentary and case discussion for every article, section, and amendment of the U.S. Constitution. 1,631 clauses indexed.
Commentary is sourced from the Cornell Legal Information Institute (LII) mirror of the U.S. Constitution Annotated (used per LII's robots.txt with 10-second crawl-delay compliance).
Articles
Article 1
419 clausesThe Legislative Branch
- Article 1, Section 1, Clause 1 — Early Cases On State Modifications To State Contracts
- Article 1, Section 1, Clause 1 — Modern Doctrine On State Changes To State Contracts
- Article 1, Section 1, Clause 1 — State Bills Of Attainder
- Article 1, Section 1, Clause 1 — Historical Background On Contract Clause
- Article 1, Section 1, Clause 1 — Evolution Of Contract Clauses Use
- Article 1, Section 1, Clause 1 — State Sovereign Powers And Contracts
+413 more clauses in this group.
Article 2
164 clausesThe Executive Branch
- Clause 1 President's Role
- Article 2, Section 1, Clause 1 — The Presidents Powers Myers And Seila
- Article 2, Section 1, Clause 1 — Early Perspectives On Executive Power
- Article 2, Section 1, Clause 1 — Historical Background On Executive Vesting Clause
- Article 2, Section 1, Clause 1 — Overview Of Executive Vesting Clause
- Article 2, Section 1, Clause 1 — The Presidents Powers And Youngstown Framework
+158 more clauses in this group.
Article 3
183 clausesThe Judicial Branch
- Section 1 Vesting Clause
- Article 3, Section 1 — Overview Of The Judicial Vesting Clause
- Article 3, Section 1 — Historical Background Of Judicial Review
- Article 3, Section 1 — Marbury V Madison And Judicial Review
- Article 3, Section 1 — Overview Of Inherent Powers Of Federal Courts
- Article 3, Section 1 — Inherent Powers Over Judicial Procedure
+177 more clauses in this group.
Article 4
52 clausesThe States
- Article 4, Section 1 — Historical Background On Full Faith And Credit Clause
- Judicial Proceedings
- State Public Acts and Records
- Congressional Enforcement
- Article 4, Section 1 — Generally Applicable Federal Law On Full Faith And Credit Clause
- Article 4, Section 1 — Specifically Applicable Federal Law On Full Faith And Credit Clause
+46 more clauses in this group.
Article 5
17 clausesThe Amendment Process
- Proposals
- Article 5 — Overview Of Proposing Amendments
- Article 5 — Congressional Proposals Of Amendments
- Article 5 — Proposals Of Amendments By Convention
- Article 5 — Role Of The President In Proposing An Amendment
- Article 5 — Overview Of Ratification Of A Proposed Amendment
+11 more clauses in this group.
Article 6
17 clausesDebts, Supremacy, Oaths
- Doctrine
- Historical Background
- Religious Test
- Article 6 — Dual Federalism In Late Nineteenth And Early Twentieth Centuries
- Article 6 — Overview Of Supremacy Clause
- Article 6 — Supremacy Clause And The Constitutional Convention
+11 more clauses in this group.
Amendments
First Amendment
177 clauses- Amendment 1 — Nondiscrimination And Equal Access Requirements
- Amendment 1 — Overview Of Non Financial Assistance To Religion
- Amendment 1 — Early Interpretations Of The Religion Clauses
- Religious Disputes
- Amendment 1 — Overview Of Government Resolution Of Religious Disputes
- Amendment 1 — Doctrinal Basis Of Government Resolution Of Religious Disputes
+171 more clauses in this group.
Second Amendment
8 clauses- Amendment 2 — Bruen And Concealed Carry Licenses
- Amendment 2 — Rahimi And Applying The Second Amendment Bruen Standard
- Amendment 2 — Historical Background On Second Amendment
- Amendment 2 — Early Second Amendment Jurisprudence
- Amendment 2 — Heller And Individual Right To Firearms
- Amendment 2 — Post Heller Issues And Application Of Second Amendment To States
+2 more clauses in this group.
Third Amendment
4 clausesFourth Amendment
51 clauses- Amendment 4 — Searches At International Borders
- Amendment 4 — Searches Beyond The Border
- Amendment 4 — Neutral And Detached Magistrate
- Exceptions to Warrant Requirement
- Amendment 4 — Knock And Announce Rule
- Amendment 4 — Overview Of Exceptions To Warrant Requirement
+45 more clauses in this group.
Fifth Amendment
74 clauses- Deportation and Exclusion Proceedings
- Void for Vagueness Doctrine
- Amendment 5
- Due Process
- Amendment 5 — Overview Of Due Process
- Double Jeopardy Clause
+68 more clauses in this group.
Sixth Amendment
74 clauses- Scope of the Right
- Right to Counsel
- Confrontation Clause
- Right to Impartial Jury
- When the Right Applies
- Amendment 6 — Reason For Delay And Right To A Speedy Trial
+68 more clauses in this group.
Seventh Amendment
11 clauses- Amendment 7 — Review Of Evidentiary Record
- Reexamination Clause
- Right to a Trial by a Jury in Civil Cases
- Amendment 7 — Composition And Functions Of A Jury In Civil Cases
- Amendment 7 — Identifying Civil Cases Requiring A Jury Trial
- Amendment 7 — Appeals From State Courts To The Supreme Court
+5 more clauses in this group.
Eighth Amendment
26 clauses- Amendment 8 — Role Of Jury And Consideration Of Evidence
- Amendment 8 — Cognitively Disabled And Death Penalty
- Amendment 8 — Minors And Death Penalty
- Amendment 8 — Non Homicide Offenses And Death Penalty
- Amendment 8 — Limitation To Criminal Punishments
- Death Penalty
+20 more clauses in this group.
Ninth Amendment
4 clausesTenth Amendment
14 clauses- Amendment 10 — Equal Sovereignty Doctrine
- Amendment 10 — Early Tenth Amendment Jurisprudence
- Amendment 10 — State Police Power And Tenth Amendment Jurisprudence
- Amendment 10 — Tenth Amendment And Darby
- Amendment 10 — State Sovereignty And Tenth Amendment
- Amendment 10 — Modern Tenth Amendment Jurisprudence Generally
+8 more clauses in this group.
Eleventh Amendment
14 clauses- Amendment 11 — Suits Against States
- Amendment 11 — Waiver Of State Sovereign Immunity
- Amendment 11 — Tort Actions Against State Officials
- Amendment 11 — Nature Of States Immunity
- Amendment 11 — Overview Of Eleventh Amendment Suits Against States
- Modern Doctrine
+8 more clauses in this group.
Twelfth Amendment
2 clausesThirteenth Amendment
17 clauses- Section 1 Prohibition on Slavery and Involuntary Servitude
- Defining Involuntary Servitude
- Section 2 Enforcement
- Amendment 13 — Defining Badges And Incidents Of Slavery
- Amendment 13 — Scope Of Enforcement Clause Of Thirteenth Amendment
- Amendment 13 — Slavery And Civil War
+11 more clauses in this group.
Fourteenth Amendment
172 clauses- Criminal Cases
- Wealth-Based Distinctions
- Economic Regulation and Taxing Power
- Section 1 Rights
- Personal Jurisdiction
- Non-Race Based Classifications
+166 more clauses in this group.
Fifteenth Amendment
11 clauses- Section 1 Right to Vote
- Section 2 Enforcement
- Amendment 15 — Exclusion From Primaries And Literacy Tests
- Amendment 15 — Grandfather Clauses
- Amendment 15 — Overview Of Fifteenth Amendment Right Of Citizens To Vote
- Amendment 15 — State Action Doctrine And Enforcement Clause
+5 more clauses in this group.
Sixteenth Amendment
9 clauses- Amendment 16 — Deductions And Exemptions
- Amendment 16 — Gains
- Amendment 16 — Income From Illicit Transactions
- Amendment 16 — Diminution Of Loss
- Amendment 16
- Amendment 16 — Corporate Earnings
+3 more clauses in this group.
Seventeenth Amendment
4 clausesEighteenth Amendment
14 clauses- Amendment 18 — Overview Of Eighteenth Amendment Prohibition Of Liquor
- Amendment 18 — Repeal Of The Eighteenth Amendment
- Historical Background
- Amendment 18 — The Eighteenth Amendment And The Supreme Court
- Amendment 18 — Volstead Act
- Amendment 18 — Scope Of The Eighteenth Amendments Prohibition
+8 more clauses in this group.
Nineteenth Amendment
10 clauses- Amendment 19 — The Scope Of The Nineteenth Amendment
- Amendment 19
- Amendment 19 — Impact Of The Nineteenth Amendment Beyond The Supreme Court
- Amendment 19 — Womens Suffrage And The Progressive Era
- Amendment 19 — Proposal And Ratification Of The Nineteenth Amendment
- Amendment 19 — Federal And State Campaigns For Womens Voting Rights
+4 more clauses in this group.
Twentieth Amendment
11 clauses- Section 2 Meetings of Congress
- Section 3 Succession
- Section 4 Congress and Presidential Succession
- Section 5 Effective Date
- Amendment 20 — Presidential And Congressional Terms
- Amendment 20 — Ratification Of Twentieth Amendment
+5 more clauses in this group.
Twenty-First Amendment
24 clauses- Section 1 Repeal of Eighteenth Amendment
- Historical Background
- Section 2 Importation, Transportation, and Sale of Liquor
- Section 3 Ratification Deadline
- Amendment 21 — Overview Of State Power Over Alcohol And Discrimination Against Interstate Commerce
- Amendment 21 — Regulation Of Alcohol Destined For A Federal Area
+18 more clauses in this group.
Twenty-Second Amendment
2 clausesTwenty-Third Amendment
2 clausesTwenty-Fourth Amendment
3 clausesTwenty-Fifth Amendment
19 clauses- Proposal and Ratification of the Twenty-Fifth Amendment
- Section 1 Presidential Vacancy
- Amendment 25 — Www.presidency.ucsb.edu Node 213575
- Amendment 25 — Presidential Succession And Initial Debates At The Federal Convention
- Historical Background
- Amendment 25 — Presidential Inability And The 88th Congress Reaction To The Kennedy Assassination
+13 more clauses in this group.
Twenty-Sixth Amendment
11 clauses- Historical Background
- Amendment 26 — Voter Age Qualifications World War Ii And The 1940s
- Amendment 26
- Amendment 26 — Proposal Of The Twenty Sixth Amendment Congressional Floor Debates And Final Passage
- Amendment 26 — Overview Of Twenty Sixth Amendment Reduction Of Voting Age
- Amendment 26 — Ratification Of The Twenty Sixth Amendment
+5 more clauses in this group.
Twenty-Seventh Amendment
10 clauses- Amendment 27 — Scope Of The Twenty Seventh Amendment
- Historical Background
- Amendment 27 — Debates In The Federal Convention On Congressional Compensation
- Amendment 27 — Congressional Compensation And Debates Over Ratification Of The Constitution
- Amendment 27 — Proposal Of The Congressional Pay Amendment
- Amendment 27 — Ratification Of The Twenty Seventh Amendment
+4 more clauses in this group.