188 LLC v. Trinity Industries, Incorporated

How courts have described this case

Verbatim parenthetical descriptions written by other courts when citing this decision. Ranked by citation-network relevance.

• explaining that the purpose of the “incorporation by reference” doctrine is “to prevent parties from surviving a motion to dismiss by artful pleading or by failing to attach relevant documents”
• explaining that defendants may attach contracts underlying the claims to a motion to dismiss \to prevent parties from surviving a motion to dismiss by artful pleading or by failing to attach relevant documents\
• permitting consideration of document that defendant alleged was incorporated in the contested contract, but not attached to the complaint
• “the purpose of the exception [for documents referred to in the complaint] is to prevent parties from surviving a motion to dismiss by artful pleading or failing to attach relevant documents”

Source: CourtListener parenthetical corpus (CC0).