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probation

Probation is a criminal sentence that allows a convicted defendant to remain in the community under supervision instead of serving time in jail or prison . A court imposes specific conditions during the probation period, which may include reporting to a probation officer , avoiding further offenses, staying away from victims, and completing community service . If the defendant fulfills these conditions, the sentence may be completed without incarceration . Violation of probation terms may lead to revocation and the imposition of the original jail or prison sentence. Probation is generally granted to first-time or low-risk offenders as an alternative to incarceration; and may accompany a suspended sentence, a fine, or restitution to victims. Procedures and conditions vary by jurisdiction and are governed by state law in most cases, or by federal law when imposed in federal court .

[Last reviewed in October of 2025 by the Wex Definitions Team
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• criminal law and procedure