Whren v. United States

How courts have described this case

Verbatim parenthetical descriptions written by other courts when citing this decision. Ranked by citation-network relevance.

• holding that the proper focus of Fourth Amendment inquiry is objective conduct, and not subjective intent, of police officer
• holding that the proper focus of Fourth Amendment inquiry is objective conduct, and not subjective intent, of police officer
• holding that “[sjubjective intent ... alone does not make otherwise lawful conduct illegal or unconstitutional”
• holding that under the Fourth Amendment the motive of the officer when stopping a vehicle for a minor traffic infraction, whether subjective or objective, is completely irrelevant
• holding that previous case law forecloses any argument that the reasonableness of a traffic stop depends upon the subjective intent of the individual officers
• holding that reasonableness of a stop does not depend on the subjective motivations of the police officers

Source: CourtListener parenthetical corpus (CC0).