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Breastfeeding Workplace Protections
Federal & State Law Editorial TeamLast reviewed: April 2026
State requirements (beyond the federal PUMP Act) for employers to provide break time and a private space for nursing employees.
50 States2 data columnsLast updated: April 2026
Click any column header to sort ascending or descending. Click again to reverse, and a third time to reset.
| Break Time | Private Space | Coverage |
|---|---|---|
| Federal PUMP only | Federal PUMP only | Federal (15+ FLSA) |
| Federal PUMP only | Federal PUMP only | Federal |
| Federal PUMP only | Federal PUMP only | Federal |
| Reasonable unpaid | Required (not bathroom) | All employers |
| Reasonable, paid if combined | Required (lactation room) | All employers |
| Reasonable unpaid | Required (not bathroom) | All employers (2 yrs) |
| Reasonable | Required | All employers |
| Reasonable unpaid | Required | All employers |
| Federal PUMP only | Federal PUMP only | Federal |
| Reasonable unpaid | Required if practical | All employers |
| Reasonable unpaid | Required (not bathroom) | All employers |
| Federal PUMP only | Federal PUMP only | Federal |
| Reasonable, paid | Required (near workstation) | All employers |
| Reasonable unpaid (state) | Required (state employers) | State + 25+ private |
| Federal PUMP only | Federal PUMP only | Federal |
| Federal PUMP only | Federal PUMP only | Federal |
| Federal PUMP only | Federal PUMP only | Federal |
| Reasonable (state employers) | Required (state employers) | State employers |
| Reasonable unpaid | Required (not bathroom) | All employers (3 yrs) |
| Reasonable unpaid | Required (not bathroom) | All employers |
| Federal PUMP only | Federal PUMP only | Federal |
| Federal PUMP only | Federal PUMP only | Federal |
| Reasonable, paid if combined | Required (not bathroom) | All employers |
| Reasonable (state employers) | Encouraged | State employers |
| Federal PUMP only | Federal PUMP only | Federal |
| Reasonable (state agencies) | Required (state agencies) | State agencies |
| Federal PUMP only | Federal PUMP only | Federal |
| Reasonable, paid if combined | Required (not bathroom) | All public + 50+ private |
| Federal PUMP only | Federal PUMP only | Federal |
| Reasonable unpaid | Required (not bathroom) | All employers |
| Reasonable, paid if combined | Required (clean, private) | All employers |
| Reasonable, paid (30 min, 3 yrs) | Required (not bathroom) | All employers |
| Federal PUMP only | Federal PUMP only | Federal |
| Federal PUMP only | Federal PUMP only | Federal |
| Federal PUMP only | Federal PUMP only | Federal |
| Reasonable unpaid | Required if practical | All employers |
| 30 min per 4 hours, unpaid | Required (not bathroom) | All employers |
| Federal PUMP only | Federal PUMP only | Federal |
| Reasonable unpaid | Required if practical | All employers |
| Reasonable unpaid | Required if practical | All employers |
| Federal PUMP only | Federal PUMP only | Federal |
| Reasonable unpaid | Required if practical | All employers |
| Federal PUMP only | Mother-friendly designation (vol) | Voluntary state cert |
| Reasonable (state agencies) | Required (state agencies) | State agencies |
| Reasonable unpaid (3 yrs) | Required (not bathroom) | All employers |
| Reasonable (state employees) | Required (state employees) | State employees |
| Reasonable unpaid (2 yrs) | Required (not bathroom) | All employers (15+) |
| Federal PUMP only | Federal PUMP only | Federal |
| Federal PUMP only | Federal PUMP only | Federal |
| Federal PUMP only | Federal PUMP only | Federal |
| Reasonable unpaid | Required (not bathroom) | All employers |
The federal PUMP for Nursing Mothers Act (2022) covers most U.S. employees regardless of state law. State laws shown either match, expand on, or supplement the federal floor. 'Reasonable' time is typically interpreted as one break per 3-4 hours.
This is legal information, not legal advice. Laws vary by jurisdiction and change frequently. Always verify current law with official sources and consult a licensed attorney in your jurisdiction for advice on your specific situation.