John R. Hazel

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This article is about the American jurist and politician. For the American lawyer and real-estate developer, see Til Hazel . For the Scottish footballer, see John Hazel (footballer) .

John Raymond Hazel (December 18, 1860 – October 31, 1951) was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Western District of New York .

He administered the oath of office to President Theodore Roosevelt following the assassination of president William McKinley by Leon Czolgosz . Twenty years later, Hazel was a figure of the First Red Scare , targeting several anarchists under dubious grounds, such as Emma Goldman or Michael Stuppiello , in order to strip them from their US citizenship .

Contents

• 1 Biography

  • 1.1 Education and career

  • 1.2 Federal judicial service

  • 1.3 Nomination controversy

  • 1.4 Roosevelt oath of office

  • 1.5 Subsequent cases and First Red Scare activity

• 2 Death

• 3 See also

• 4 References

• 5 Sources

Biography

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Education and career

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Born on December 18, 1860, in Buffalo, New York , Hazel read law in 1882. He entered private practice in Buffalo from 1882 to 1894. He was Commissioner of Corporation Taxes for the State of New York starting in 1894. He was a delegate to the 1900 Republican National Convention .

Federal judicial service

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Hazel was nominated by President William McKinley on May 18, 1900, to the United States District Court for the Western District of New York , to a new seat authorized by 31 Stat. 175. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on June 5, 1900, and received his commission the same day. His service terminated on March 5, 1931, due to his retirement.

Nomination controversy

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Hazel's nomination was opposed by the Buffalo Bar Association, which considered him unfit for judgeship. A group of five lawyers went to New York City on the association's behalf for the purpose of meeting with the Association of the Bar of the City of New York to express their opposition. Contemporaneous accounts indicate that it was a dispute between GOP boss Thomas C. Platt and the anti-Platt ring then prevalent in New York.

Roosevelt oath of office

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Judge Hazel swearing in Roosevelt following McKinley's death

On September 6, 1901, President McKinley was attending the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo when he was shot by Leon Czolgosz .[_citation needed
] Vice President Roosevelt was vacationing in Vermont , and traveled to Buffalo to visit McKinley in the hospital.[citation needed
] It appeared that McKinley would recover, so Roosevelt went on a planned family camping and hiking trip to Mount Marcy in the Adirondacks .[citation needed
] In the mountains, a runner notified him McKinley was on his death bed.[citation needed
] Roosevelt pondered with his wife, Edith , how best to respond, not wanting to show up in Buffalo and wait on McKinley's death.[citation needed
] Roosevelt was rushed by a series of stagecoaches to North Creek train station .[citation needed
] At the station, Roosevelt was handed a telegram that said President McKinley died at 2:30 AM, September 14, 1901.[citation needed
]The new President continued by train from North Creek to Buffalo.[citation needed
] He arrived in Buffalo later that day, accepting an invitation to stay at the home of Ansley Wilcox (now the Theodore Roosevelt Inaugural National Historic Site ).[citation needed
] It was there, on the afternoon of September 14, 1901, that Judge Hazel administered the oath to Roosevelt.[citation needed
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Subsequent cases and First Red Scare activity

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Main article: First Red Scare

In 1909, Judge Hazel issued an order cancelling the naturalization of Jacob A. Kersner, at the request of the United States Attorney 's Office, and thus stripping the citizenship of his ex-wife, the Anarchist orator Emma Goldman , who had gained [United States citizenship](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_citize

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