Zhi Chen v. District of Columbia

How courts have described this case

Verbatim parenthetical descriptions written by other courts when citing this decision. Ranked by citation-network relevance.

• “To justify the issuance of an adverse inference instruction, the spoliation of evidence need not be purposeful ... negligent spoliation may suffice.”
• “Relevance ... may be inferred if the spoliator is shown to have a sufficiently culpable state of mind, on the theory that a culpable spoliator may have something to hide.” (internal quotation marks and citations omitted)

Source: CourtListener parenthetical corpus (CC0).