United States v. Steven B. Zats

How courts have described this case

Verbatim parenthetical descriptions written by other courts when citing this decision. Ranked by citation-network relevance.

• stating that for the enhancement to apply, there must be a showing that the victim’s “vulnerability or susceptibility facilitated the defendant’s crime in some manner”
• stating that for the enhancement to apply, there must be a showing that the victim’s “vulnerability or susceptibility facilitated the defendant’s crime in some manner”
• “Nothing in the Guidelines requires that an offender have prior knowledge of his victim’s vulnerabilities.... That knowledge or notice could arise during the course of an ongoing offense such as fraud.”
• “[H]aving had the benefit of not one, but two trials, I think I have a pretty good feel for the conspiracy and what made it tick and why it was a plan.”
• “[V]ictim status is not limited to those hurt by the offense of conviction, but also includes those hurt by relevant conduct outside that offense.”
• “[T]he language ‘knew or should have known’ means that negligence is a sufficient level of culpability . . . .” (emphasis omitted)

Source: CourtListener parenthetical corpus (CC0).