United States v. Roberto Leal-Cruz

How courts have described this case

Verbatim parenthetical descriptions written by other courts when citing this decision. Ranked by citation-network relevance.

• recognizing that a duress defense does not negate specific intent crimes
• “Our own precedents have held that when a defense negates the element of a crime, it is unconstitutional to place the burden of proving the defense on the defendant.”
• “[W]hen a defense negates the element of a crime, it is unconstitutional to place the burden of proving the defense on the defendant”—i.e., the “negate the required elements test.”

Source: CourtListener parenthetical corpus (CC0).