United States v. Randall Ray Willoughby

How courts have described this case

Verbatim parenthetical descriptions written by other courts when citing this decision. Ranked by citation-network relevance.

• stating that the indictment determines \[w]hat becomes essential to a charged offense in a particular case\
• “The discrepancy here is more than a simple matter of semantics unrelated to the substance of the offense charged.”
• \since no evidence linked the gun to Willoughby's actual distribution of cocaine . . . the weapons conviction could only have been based upon a\ theory not charged in the indictment
• “ ‘To wit’ is an expression of limitation which, as our cases indicate, makes what follows an essential part of the charged offense.”
• “ ‘To wit’ is an expression of limitation which, as our cases indicate, makes what follows an essential part of the charged offense.”
• It “is important to note that not all variations in proof that contradict or supplement verbiage in the indictment rise to the level of constructive amendments.”

Source: CourtListener parenthetical corpus (CC0).