United States v. Juan Antonio Vela-Robles, AKA Antonio Juan Vela, Sr.

How courts have described this case

Verbatim parenthetical descriptions written by other courts when citing this decision. Ranked by citation-network relevance.

• holding that triggering a seismic sensor is not surveillance for purposes of official restraint
• same, where defendant was first “encountered . . . about three- quarters to one mile north of the border”
• detection by seismic sen- sor as alien entered natural gorge did not amount to observa- tion or surveillance for purpose of showing official restraint and alien was thus not in the “constant visual or physical grasp of governmental authorities” after crossing border

Source: CourtListener parenthetical corpus (CC0).