United States v. James Hassan El

How courts have described this case

Verbatim parenthetical descriptions written by other courts when citing this decision. Ranked by citation-network relevance.

• recognizing that an objective test applies to a traffic stop \however minor\ the particular traffic violation in question
• recognizing that an objective test applies to a traffic stop “however minor” the particular traffic violation in question
• holding that “if an officer has probable cause or a reasonable suspicion to stop a vehicle, there is no intrusion upon the Fourth Amendment”
• explaining that under the “purely objective standard,” the “subjective motivations of the officers involved” are of no consequence
• upholding search in which officer grabbed at bulge through open car window and removed handgun
• upholding search in which officer grabbed at bulge through open car window and removed handgun

Source: CourtListener parenthetical corpus (CC0).