United States v. Jaime Perez (04-5440) Walter Rhodes (05-5373)

How courts have described this case

Verbatim parenthetical descriptions written by other courts when citing this decision. Ranked by citation-network relevance.

• holding that a traffic stop “affects the Fourth Amendment interests of all the occupants” of the car, including a passenger
• holding that using a drug-sniffing dog on a car parked in a hotel parking lot, which was not stopped, detained, or moved, did not constitute a search
• holding that a drug dog's failure to alert did not dispel reasonable suspicion when officers knew that duffel bags they suspected of containing drugs had recently been placed in a vehicle and that therefore any odor would not have had time to permeate the vehicle
• explaining that even if each individual circumstance or factor suggests innocent conduct, the circumstances “taken as a whole” may provide reasonable suspicion
• explaining that even if each individual circumstance or factor suggests innocent conduct, the circumstances “taken as a whole” may provide reasonable suspicion
• upholding a 90-minute detention when officers were continuously investigating whether defendants were involved in a drug transaction

Source: CourtListener parenthetical corpus (CC0).