United States v. Dale Joseph Martin

How courts have described this case

Verbatim parenthetical descriptions written by other courts when citing this decision. Ranked by citation-network relevance.

• holding that a dog sniff conducted two minutes after the conclusion of a traffic stop was not unreasonable
• stating that a “two minute delay . . . is a de minimis intrusion on the driver’s personal liberty that does not violate the Fourth Amendment”
• stating that objectively reasonable mistakes of either law or fact can support probable cause
• noting the lack of evidence in the record of previous judicial interpretations of the statute that might aid in the objective reasonableness inquiry, given the statute’s “unusual text”
• noting that “[t]he determinative question is not whether [the defendant] actually violated the Motor Vehicle Code . . . but whether an objectively reasonable police officer could have formed a reasonable suspicion that [the defendant] was committing a code violation”
• finding officer‘s mistaken belief that operating a motor vehicle with one nonfunctioning brake light violated the law was objectively reasonable due to the statute‘s ambiguous terms

Source: CourtListener parenthetical corpus (CC0).