Tonia Hawkins v. Sarasota County School Board

How courts have described this case

Verbatim parenthetical descriptions written by other courts when citing this decision. Ranked by citation-network relevance.

• holding that “the effects of the harassment must touch the whole or entirety of an educational program or activity”
• holding that “physical exclusion or denial of access to facilities” is a means by which plaintiffs can demonstrate deprivation of an educational opportunity
• holding that mere testimony that students were “upset” or faked sick “falls short of demonstrating a systemic effect of denying equal access”
• holding that “gender discrimination must be more widespread than a single instance of one-on-one peer harassment and [] the effects of the harassment [must] touch the whole or entirety of an educational program or activity”
• explaining that whether remedial actions “were clearly unreasonable must be measured by what was known”
• noting that the harassing student would gesture to his genitals, make vulgar comments, and touch the plaintiffs without consent

Source: CourtListener parenthetical corpus (CC0).