Rodgers v. Wyoming

How courts have described this case

Verbatim parenthetical descriptions written by other courts when citing this decision. Ranked by citation-network relevance.

• stating that where harm is done to the reputation of a person, the place of wrong is where the defamatory statement is communicated
• stating that a third-party’s intervening acts might break the causal chain “where the defendant’s actions affect the third party, who in turn takes some independent action that causes a further effect in the United States”
• explaining that the “focus” of the direct effects clause of the commercial activities exception is “the activity of the 25 sovereign” and if such activity has a direct effect in the United States
• stating that reviewing courts are to “look not to the analysis of each individual claim, but to the overall question where a lawsuit’s foundation is geographically based” when determining the gravamen of a suit
• defining “gravamen” as “[t]he 10 substantial point or essence of a claim, grievance, or complaint” (alteration in 11 original) (quoting Black’s Law Dictionary 817 (10th ed. 2014))
• interpreting a “direct effect” in the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act’s extraterritoriality provision as one that “follow[s] as an immediate consequence of the defendant’s activity” (citation modified)

Source: CourtListener parenthetical corpus (CC0).