Renfro v. Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific Railway Co.

How courts have described this case

Verbatim parenthetical descriptions written by other courts when citing this decision. Ranked by citation-network relevance.

• explaining that an affirmative defense serves to “override[]” the elements of an offense
• discussing the evidentiary support requiring a jury instruction on a defense that the State must disprove beyond a reasonable doubt
• discussing the evidentiary support requiring a jury instruction on a defense that the State must disprove beyond a reasonable doubt
• stating “if some evidence is offered, ... which is reasonably calculated to provide a reasonable doubt on the issue of causation, it must be admitted and the element of causation, with the supported defense, must be submitted to the jury”
• “A pure defense is a denial of an element of the offense, while an affirmative defense is a defense overriding the element[s].”
• “The majority of jurisdictions . . . have adopted what has been termed a ‘sole’ cause test, under which malpractice constitutes a supervening cause only if it was the ‘sole’ cause of the death.”

Source: CourtListener parenthetical corpus (CC0).