Perfect 10, Inc. v. Amazon. Com, Inc.

How courts have described this case

Verbatim parenthetical descriptions written by other courts when citing this decision. Ranked by citation-network relevance.

• holding that Google’s image search engine “substantially assists websites to distribute their infringing copies” of copyrighted images, and thus constitutes a' material contribution, even though “Google’s assistance is available to all websites, not just infringing ones”
• holding that copyright holders who challenged Google's creation of a thumbnail version of their copyrighted images, which the user had not specifically requested be made, had made out a prima facie case of direct copyright infringement
• holding that a search engine’s publication of low‐resolution, thumbnail copies of copyrighted images was “highly transformative” because the thumbnails were “incorporate[ed] . . . into a new work, namely, an electronic reference tool”
• holding that automatic copying of images in browser \cache\ constituted fair use
• explaining that “intent may be imputed” based on “a service provider’s knowing failure to prevent infringing actions.”
• holding that contributory “liability that may be imposed for intentionally encouraging infringement through specific acts,” “intent may be imputed,” and that “a service provider’s knowing failure to prevent infringing actions could be the basis for imposing contributory liability”

Source: CourtListener parenthetical corpus (CC0).

Cited by

131 cases in this archive cite this case; the 20 most cited are listed.

• Marlyn Nutraceuticals, Inc. v. Mucos Pharma GmbH & Co.
  Ninth Circuit· 2009-07-02· cited 1,081×
• Disney Enterprises, Inc. v. Vidangel, Inc.
  Ninth Circuit· 2017-08-24· cited 250×
• Perfect 10, Inc. v. Giganews, Inc.
  Ninth Circuit· 2017-01-23· cited 207×
• Andrew Leonard v. Stemtech International Inc
  Third Circuit· 2016-08-24· cited 167×
• BWP Media USA, Inc. v. T & S Software Associates., Inc.
  Fifth Circuit· 2017-03-27· cited 151×
• Cobbler Nevada, LLC v. Thomas Gonzales
  Ninth Circuit· 2018-08-27· cited 142×
• Swatch Group Management Services Ltd. v. Bloomberg L.P.
  Second Circuit· 2014-01-27· cited 119×
• BMG Rights Management (US) LLC v. Cox Communications, Inc.
  Fourth Circuit· 2018-02-01· cited 110×
• Authors Guild v. Google, Inc.
  Second Circuit· 2015-10-16· cited 106×
• Perfect 10, Inc. v. Google, Inc.
  Ninth Circuit· 2011-08-03· cited 104×
• A v. Ex Rel. Vanderhye v. Iparadigms, LLC
  Fourth Circuit· 2009-04-16· cited 98×
• Goldman, Sachs & Co. v. City of Reno
  Ninth Circuit· 2014-03-31· cited 94×
• Catherine Balsley v. LFP, Inc.
  Sixth Circuit· 2012-08-16· cited 91×
• Columbia Pictures Industries, Inc. v. Fung
  Ninth Circuit· 2013-03-21· cited 88×
• Independent Living Center of Southern California, Inc. v. Shewry
  Ninth Circuit· 2008-09-17· cited 88×
• Institute of Cetacean Research v. Sea Shepherd Conservation Society
  Ninth Circuit· 2014-12-19· cited 75×
• London-Sire Records, Inc. v. Doe 1
  D. Massachusetts· 2008-03-31· cited 74×
• Williams v. Gaye
  Ninth Circuit· 2018-03-21· cited 74×
• Authors Guild, Inc. v. HathiTrust
  Second Circuit· 2014-06-10· cited 70×
• Arista Records LLC v. Lime Group LLC
  S.D. New York· 2011-05-02· cited 69×

Cites

32 cases in this archive are cited by this case; the 20 most cited are listed.

• Harper & Row, Publishers, Inc. v. Nation Enterprises
  Supreme Court· 1985-05-20· cited 1,191×
• Sony Corp. of America v. Universal City Studios, Inc.
  Supreme Court· 1984-01-17· cited 978×
• Gonzales v. O Centro Espírita Beneficente União Do Vegetal
  Supreme Court· 2006-02-21· cited 713×
• Campbell v. Acuff-Rose Music, Inc.
  Supreme Court· 1994-03-07· cited 629×
• Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Studios Inc. v. Grokster, Ltd.
  Supreme Court· 2005-06-27· cited 539×
• A&M Records, Inc. v. Napster, Inc.
  Ninth Circuit· 2001-02-12· cited 489×
• MAI Systems Corp. v. Peak Computer, Inc.
  Ninth Circuit· 1993-04-07· cited 349×
• Ellison v. Robertson
  Ninth Circuit· 2004-02-10· cited 337×
• Stewart v. Abend
  Supreme Court· 1990-04-24· cited 321×
• Gershwin Publishing Corporation v. Columbia Artists Management, Inc., and Community Concerts, Inc.
  Second Circuit· 1971-05-24· cited 305×
• Federal Trade Commission v. Affordable Media, LLC
  Ninth Circuit· 1999-06-15· cited 291×
• Fonovisa, Inc. v. Cherry Auction, Inc. Richard Pilegard, W.D. Mitchell, Margaret Mitchell
  Ninth Circuit· 1996-01-25· cited 154×
• Earth Island Institute v. U.S. Forest Service
  Ninth Circuit· 2006-03-24· cited 147×
• Religious Technology Center v. Netcom On-Line Communication Services, Inc.
  N.D. California· 1995-11-21· cited 135×
• New York Times Co. v. Tasini
  Supreme Court· 2001-06-25· cited 118×
• Pacific and Southern Company, Inc., D/B/A Wxia-Tv, Cross v. Carol Duncan, D/B/A Tv News Clips, Cross-Appellee
  Eleventh Circuit· 1984-12-07· cited 117×
• Kelly v. Arriba Soft Corp.
  Ninth Circuit· 2003-07-07· cited 107×
• Infinity Broadcast Corp. v. Wayne Kirkwood, Doing Business as Media Dial-Up
  Second Circuit· 1998-07-29· cited 98×
• Wall Data Inc. v. Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department
  Ninth Circuit· 2006-05-17· cited 84×
• Atari Games Corp. And Tengen, Inc. v. Nintendo of America Inc. And Nintendo Co., Ltd.
  Federal Circuit· 1992-11-17· cited 73×