No. 03-55824

How courts have described this case

Verbatim parenthetical descriptions written by other courts when citing this decision. Ranked by citation-network relevance.

• noting that, while direct evidence of racial discrimination could support a finding of discriminatory intent, it is not required, and circumstantial evidence alone may be sufficient
• noting that the Seventh and Sixth Circuits disagree on the fourth 8 element
• adapting the prima facie elements to 16 claims of racial discrimination in non-employment situations
• finding the plaintiff articulated a prima facie case of discrimination where a predominantly African-American organization was denied the right to contract for use of a ballroom in favor of a “white event”
• plaintiff must satisfy the initial burden of establishing a prima facie case of racial discrimination
• “The proof required to 11 establish a prima facie case is minimal and does not even need to 12 rise to the level of a preponderance of the evidence.”

Source: CourtListener parenthetical corpus (CC0).