Lawton Frazier v. Consolidated Rail Corporation

How courts have described this case

Verbatim parenthetical descriptions written by other courts when citing this decision. Ranked by citation-network relevance.

• finding that district court’s decision not to certify a class of 28 individuals who all lived “within a reasonable distance of the district court” was soundly within its discretion
• observing that an employer may avoid disparate impact liability by 24 demonstrating that the challenged practice has “a manifest relationship to the employment in question” (quoting Teal, 457 U.S. at 446-47)
• approving the district court’s rejection of the 80% rule where the sample size was small
• affirming district court’s rejection of four fifths rule and noting that “[t]he four fifths rule has also been used with caution by some courts”
• “Statistical comparisons performed on data in discrimination cases are not probative of anything without support from an underlying statistical theory.”
• “[C]ertification of such a small class is best left to the sound discretion of the district court”

Source: CourtListener parenthetical corpus (CC0).