Javitz, D., Aplt. v. Luzerne Co.

How courts have described this case

Verbatim parenthetical descriptions written by other courts when citing this decision. Ranked by citation-network relevance.

• setting forth the elements of § 1983 actions and explaining the requirements to establish causation
• “A defendant’s conduct is an actual cause, or 23 cause-in-fact, of a plaintiff’s injury only if the injury would not have occurred but for that conduct.”
• “[W]here there are two permissible views of the evidence, the factfinder’s choice between them cannot be clearly erroneous.” (quoting Anderson v. City of Bessemer City, 470 U.S. 564, 574 (1985))
• only persons acting under color of state law are proper defendants under § 1983
• defining causation-in-fact and proximate causation

Source: CourtListener parenthetical corpus (CC0).