Hallmark Developers, Inc. v. Fulton County, GA

How courts have described this case

Verbatim parenthetical descriptions written by other courts when citing this decision. Ranked by citation-network relevance.

• holding that overtly racist statement made to one Commissioner did “not demonstrate that … the other members of the Board were aware of the racist attitudes of the community leaders”
• holding there was insufficient evidence to show plaintiffs’ alleged worse treat- ment in housing was on account of race
• explaining that a plaintiff can demonstrate discriminatory effect by showing the government defendant’s decision “makes housing options significantly more restrictive for members of a protected group than for persons outside that group”
• “[I]t may be inappropriate to rely on absolute numbers rather than on proportional statistics.”
• “Because explicit statements of racially discriminatory motivation are decreasing, circumstantial evidence must often be used to establish the requisite intent.” (quotation marks omitted)
• “Hallmark challenges the District Court's decision to admit the testimony of Mr. Hammond....We do not reach this issue because the….judgment does not depend on the admissibility of Mr. Hammond's testimony[]”

Source: CourtListener parenthetical corpus (CC0).