Grefe v. Ross

How courts have described this case

Verbatim parenthetical descriptions written by other courts when citing this decision. Ranked by citation-network relevance.

• regarding intent to deceive in the context of an action for fraud
• corporate officers are individually liable for torts that they commit while acting within as well as outside the scope of their employment
• corporate officers are individually liable for torts that they commit, whether they are acting within or outside the scope of their employment
• party claiming fraud must establish representation, falsity, materiality, scienter, intent to deceive, reliance, and resulting injury and damage by preponderance of clear, satisfactory, and convincing evidence
• party claiming fraud must establish representation, falsity, materiality, scienter, intent to deceive, reliance, and resulting injury and damage by preponderance of clear, satisfactory, and convincing evidence
• “A false statement innocently but mistakenly made will not establish intent to defraud, but, when recklessly asserted, it will imply an intent to defraud.”

Source: CourtListener parenthetical corpus (CC0).