Com. v. Muhammad, R.

How courts have described this case

Verbatim parenthetical descriptions written by other courts when citing this decision. Ranked by citation-network relevance.

• recognizing that an officer remains vulnerable at close range before an arrest is completed
• interpreting Long to conclude that members of law enforcement properly restricted their protective search of the defendant’s vehicle “to those areas that [he] would have immediate control of and could contain a weapon”
• acknowledging, in addition to the investigative detention, the mere encounter and custodial arrest
• acknowledging, in addition to the investigative detention, the mere encounter and custodial arrest
• “criminal defendants are already afforded protection against jury irrationality or error by independent review by our Courts of the sufficiency of the evidence”

Source: CourtListener parenthetical corpus (CC0).

Cited by

3 cases in this archive cite this case.

• Com. v. Barkman, N.
  Superior Court of Pennsylvania· 2023-05-19· cited 34×
• Com. v. Holley, T.
  Superior Court of Pennsylvania· 2024-08-16· cited 1×
• Commonwealth v. Muhammad, R., Aplt.
  Supreme Court of Pennsylvania· 2025-05-30

Cites

13 cases in this archive are cited by this case.

• Terry v. Ohio
  Supreme Court· 1968-06-10· cited 37,942×
• Michigan v. Long
  Supreme Court· 1983-07-06· cited 3,763×
• Commonwealth v. Gary
  Supreme Court of Pennsylvania· 2014-04-29· cited 255×
• Commonwealth v. Luczki
  Superior Court of Pennsylvania· 2019-06-07· cited 110×
• Commonwealth v. Cartagena
  Superior Court of Pennsylvania· 2013-01-23· cited 88×
• Com. v. Clemens, J.
  Superior Court of Pennsylvania· 2020-10-28· cited 68×
• Commonwealth v. MacKey
  Superior Court of Pennsylvania· 2017-12-20· cited 59×
• Commonwealth v. Boatwright
  Superior Court of Pennsylvania· 1982-12-23· cited 53×
• Com. v. Widger, K.
  Superior Court of Pennsylvania· 2020-08-13· cited 53×
• Com. v. Steele, C.
  Superior Court of Pennsylvania· 2020-07-06· cited 43×
• Commonwealth v. Hewlett
  Superior Court of Pennsylvania· 2018-06-05· cited 38×
• Commonwealth v. Walls
  Superior Court of Pennsylvania· 2019-03-19· cited 22×
• Com. v. Banks, C.
  Superior Court of Pennsylvania· 2021-05-13· cited 20×