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How courts have described this case

Verbatim parenthetical descriptions written by other courts when citing this decision. Ranked by citation-network relevance.

• a “detectable” amount of controlled sub- stance is sufficient to establish probable cause
• a “detectable” amount of a “black residue” on a “piece of foil” which an officer believed to be heroin was sufficient to establish probable cause to arrest a defendant—who was found nonresponsive in his van—for possession of heroin

Source: CourtListener parenthetical corpus (CC0).