URAL Airlines JSC, Utrenniy Lane 1-g, Yekaterinburg, Russia 620025; Order Renewing Temporary Denial of Export Privileges

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Published

September 29, 2026

Issuing agencies

Commerce DepartmentIndustry and Security Bureau

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<title>Federal Register, Volume 91 Issue 187 (Tuesday, September 29, 2026)</title>
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[Federal Register Volume 91, Number 187 (Tuesday, September 29, 2026)]
[Notices]
[Pages 61384-61387]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [<a href="http://www.gpo.gov">www.gpo.gov</a>]
[FR Doc No: 2026-19927]

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DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

Bureau of Industry and Security

URAL Airlines JSC, Utrenniy Lane 1-g, Yekaterinburg, Russia
620025; Order Renewing Temporary Denial of Export Privileges

Pursuant to Section 766.24 of the Export Administration
Regulations, 15 CFR parts 730-774 (``EAR'' or ``the Regulations''),\1\
I hereby grant the request of the Office of Export Enforcement
(``OEE'') to renew the temporary denial order (``TDO'') issued in this
matter on September 30, 2025. I find that renewal of this order is
necessary in the public interest to prevent an imminent violation of
the Regulations and that renewal for an extended period is appropriate
because URAL Airlines JSC (``Ural'') has engaged in a pattern of
repeated, ongoing and/or continuous apparent violations of the EAR.
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\1\ On August 13, 2018, the President signed into law the John
S. McCain National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019,
which includes the Export Control Reform Act of 2018, 50 U.S.C.
4801-4852 (``ECRA''). Section 4820(a)(5) of ECRA authorizes the
issuance of temporary denial orders. 50 U.S.C. 4820(a)(5).
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I. Procedural History

On October 13, 2022, the then-Assistant Secretary of Commerce for
Export Enforcement (``Assistant Secretary'') signed an order denying
Ural export privileges for a period of 180 days on the grounds that
issuance of the order was necessary in the public interest to prevent
an imminent violation of the Regulations. The order was issued ex parte
pursuant to Section 766.24(a) of the Regulations and was effective upon
issuance.\2\ This temporary denial order was subsequently renewed in
accordance with Section 766.24(d) of the Regulations.\3\ The renewal
order was issued on April 10, 2023,\4\ and was effective upon issuance.
Subsequent

[[Page 61385]]

renewal orders were issued on October 6, 2023, October 4, 2024, and
September 30, 2025 respectively, and were also effective upon
issuance.\5\
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\2\ The TDO was published in the Federal Register on April 12,
2022 (87 FR 21611).
\3\ At the time of the renewal, Section 766.24(d) provides that
BIS may seek renewal of a temporary denial order for additional 180-
day renewal periods, if it believes that renewal is necessary in the
public interest to prevent an imminent violation. Renewal requests
are to be made in writing no later than 20 days before the scheduled
expiration date of a temporary denial order.
\4\ The April 10, 2023 renewal order was published in the
Federal Register on April 13, 2023 (88 FR 22406).
\5\ The October 6, 2023 renewal order was published in the
Federal Register on October 13, 2023 (88 FR 70925). The October 4,
2024 renewal order was published in the Federal Register on October
9, 2024 (89 FR 81881). The September 30, 2025 renewal order was
published in the Federal Register on October 3, 2025 (90 FR 48022).
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On August 13, 2026, BIS, through OEE, submitted a written request
for renewal of the TDO that was issued on September 30, 2025. The
written request was made more than 20 days before the TDO's scheduled
expiration and, given the temporary suspension of international mail
service to Russia, OEE has attempted to deliver a copy of the renewal
request to Ural by alternative means in accordance with Sections 766.5
and 766.24(d) of the Regulations. No opposition to the renewal of the
TDO has been received.

II. Renewal of the TDO

A. Legal Standard

Pursuant to Section 766.24, BIS may issue an order temporarily
denying a respondent's export privileges upon a showing that the order
is necessary in the public interest to prevent an ``imminent
violation'' of the Regulations, or any order, license or authorization
issued thereunder. 15 CFR 766.24(b)(1) and 766.24(d). ``A violation may
be `imminent' either in time or degree of likelihood.'' 15 CFR
766.24(b)(3). BIS may show ``either that a violation is about to occur,
or that the general circumstances of the matter under investigation or
case under criminal or administrative charges demonstrate a likelihood
of future violations.'' Id. As to the likelihood of future violations,
BIS may show that the violation under investigation or charge ``is
significant, deliberate, covert and/or likely to occur again, rather
than technical or negligent[.]'' Id. A ``lack of information
establishing the precise time a violation may occur does not preclude a
finding that a violation is imminent, so long as there is sufficient
reason to believe the likelihood of a violation.'' Id.
If BIS believes that renewal of a denial order is necessary in the
public interest to prevent an imminent violation, it may file a written
request for renewal, with any modifications if appropriate. 15 CFR
766.24(d)(1). The written request, which must be filed no later than 20
days prior to the TDO's expiration, should set forth the basis for
BIS's belief that renewal is necessary, including any additional or
changed circumstances. Id. ``In cases demonstrating a pattern of
repeated, ongoing and/or continuous apparent violations, BIS may
request the renewal of a temporary denial order for an additional
period not exceeding one year.'' \6\ Id.
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\6\ 88 FR 59791 (Aug. 30, 2023).
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B. The TDO and BIS's Request for Renewal

Effective February 24, 2022, BIS imposed controls on aviation-
related (e.g., Commerce Control List Categories 7 and 9) items to
Russia, including a license requirement for the export, reexport or
transfer (in-country) to Russia of any aircraft or aircraft parts
specified in Export Control Classification Number (``ECCN'') 9A991
(Section 746.8(a)(1) of the EAR).\7\ BIS will review any export or
reexport license applications for such items under a policy of denial.
See Section 746.8(b). Effective March 2, 2022, BIS excluded any
aircraft registered in, owned, or controlled by, or under charter or
lease by Russia or a national of Russia from being eligible for license
exception Aircraft, Vessels, and Spacecraft (``AVS'') (Section 740.15
of the EAR).\8\ Any U.S.-origin aircraft or foreign aircraft that
includes more than 25% controlled U.S.-origin content, and that is
registered in, owned, or controlled by, or under charter or lease by
Russia or a national of Russia, is subject to a license requirement
before it can travel to Russia.
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\7\ 87 FR 12226 (Mar. 3, 2022). Additionally, BIS published a
final rule effective April 8, 2022, which imposed licensing
requirements on items controlled on the Commerce Control List
(``CCL'') under Categories 0-2 that are destined for Russia or
Belarus. Accordingly, now all CCL items require export, reexport,
and transfer (in-country) licenses if destined for or within Russia
or Belarus. 87 FR 22130 (Apr. 14, 2022).
\8\ 87 FR 13048 (Mar. 8, 2022).
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OEE's request for renewal for a period of one year is based upon
the facts underlying the issuance of the initial TDO and the renewal
orders subsequently issued in this matter, as well as other evidence
developed during this investigation. These facts and evidence
demonstrate that Ural has continued, and continues, to disregard U.S.
export controls and the terms of previously issued TDOs. Specifically,
the initial TDO, issued on October 13, 2022, was based on evidence that
Ural engaged in conduct prohibited by the Regulations by operating
multiple aircraft subject to the EAR and classified under ECCN 9A991.b
on flights into Russia after March 2, 2022 from destinations including,
but not limited to, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan; Dushanbe, Tajikistan;
Khudzhand, Tajikistan; and Tamchy, Kyrgyzstan, without the required BIS
authorization.\9\ Further evidence submitted by BIS indicated that Ural
was continuing to operate aircraft subject to the EAR domestically on
flights within Russia, potentially in violation of Section 736.2(b)(10)
of the Regulations.
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\9\ Publicly available flight tracking information shows that on
March 5, 2022, serial number (SN) 36387 flew from Jeddah, Saudi
Arabia to Grozny, Russia, and on March 30, 2022, SN 28907 flew from
Yerevan, Armenia to Tyumen, Russia. In addition, on March 31, 2022,
SN 30437 flew from Tashkent, Uzbekistan to Moscow, Russia.
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As discussed in the prior renewal orders, evidence presented by BIS
indicated that, after the initial order was issued, Ural continued to
operate aircraft subject to the EAR and classified under ECCN 9A991.b
on flights both into and within Russia, in violation of the Regulations
and the TDO itself.\10\ Specifically, the October 6, 2023 renewal order
detailed flights into and out of Russia from/to Dushanbe, Tajikistan,
Tamchy, Kyrgyzstan, and Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan.\11\ The October 4, 2024
renewal order detailed flights into and out of Russia from/to Khujand,
Tajikistan, Osh, Kyrgyzstan, and Dushanbe, Tajikistan.\12\ The
September 30, 2025 renewal order detailed flights into and out of
Russia from/to Dushanbe, Tajikistan, Khujand, Tajikistan, and Osh,
Kyrgyzstan.\13\
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\10\ Engaging in conduct prohibited by a denial order violates
the Regulations. 15 CFR 764.2(a) and (k).
\11\ Publicly available flight tracking information shows that
SN 05055 flew from Dushanbe, Tajikistan to Yekaterinburg, Russia on
September 5, 2023. In addition, on August 21, 2023, SN 02376 flew
from Tamchy Kyrgyzstan to Moscow, Russia. On September 4, 2023, SN
01941 flew from Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan to Moscow, Russia.
\12\ Publicly available flight tracking information shows that
SN 05055 flew from Mineralnye Vody, Russia to Khujand, Tajikistan on
September 17, 2024. In addition, on September 4, 2024 SN 07206 flew
from Osh, Kyrgyzstan to Moscow, Russia. On September 3, 2023, SN
2376 flew from Dushanbe, Tajikistan to Yekaterinburg, Russia.
\13\ Publicly available flight tracking information shows that
SN 05055 flew from Dushanbe, Tajikistan to Samara, Russia on
September 5, 2025, SN 02343 flew from Khujand, Tajikistan to
Yekaterinburg, Russia on September 4, 2025. In addition, SN 07206
flew from Osh, Kyrgyzstan to Moscow, Russia on January 27, 2025.
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Since that time, Ural has continued to engage in conduct prohibited
by the applicable TDO and Regulations. In its August 13, 2026 request
for renewal of the TDO, BIS submitted evidence that Ural is operating
aircraft subject to the EAR and classified under ECCN 9A991.b, both on
flights into and within Russia, in violation of the September 30, 2025
renewal order and/or the Regulations. Specifically, BIS's evidence and
related investigation demonstrates that Ural continued to operate
aircraft subject to the EAR, including, but not

[[Page 61386]]

limited to, on flights into and out of Russia from/to Sukhumi, Georgia;
Dushanbe, Tajikistan; Khujand, Tajikistan; and Kulob, Tajikistan, as
well as domestically within Russia. Information about those flights
includes, but is not limited to, the following:

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Departure/Arrival
Tail No. Serial No. Aircraft type cities Dates
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RA-73817.......................... 05055 A320-232 Sukhumi, GE/Moscow, August 17, 2026.
RU.
RA-73817.......................... 05055 A320-232 Sochi, RU/Kemerovo, July 12, 2026.
RU.
RA-73817.......................... 05055 A320-232 Dushanbe, TJ/Samara, July 3, 2026.
RU.
RA-73817.......................... 05055 A320-232 Krasnoyarsk, RU/ July 1, 2026.
Dushanbe, TJ.
RA-73817.......................... 05055 A320-232 Khujand, TJ/ July 1, 2026
Mineralnye Vody, RU.
RA-73819.......................... 02343 A320-232 Moscow, RU/ July 3, 2026.
Yekaterinburg, RU.
RA-73819.......................... 02343 A320-232 Grozny, RU/Moscow, RU July 1, 2026.
RA-73819.......................... 02343 A320-232 Dushanbe, TJ/ June 28, 2026.
Chelyabinsk, RU.
RA-73819.......................... 02343 A320-232 Yekaterinburg, RU/ June 28, 2026.
Dushanbe, TJ.
RA-73819.......................... 02343 A320-232 Khujand, TJ/ June 25, 2026.
Yekaterinburg, RU.
RA-73798.......................... 07206 A321-231 Sukhumi, GE/Moscow, August 26, 2026.
RU.
RA-73798.......................... 07206 A321-231 Sochi, RU/Moscow, RU. July 13, 2026.
RA-73798.......................... 07206 A321-231 Kazan, RU/Dushanbe, July 11, 2026.
TJ.
RA-73798.......................... 07206 A321-231 Kulob, TJ/Moscow, RU. July 8, 2026.
RA-73798.......................... 07206 A321-231 Khujand, TJ/Moscow, July 7, 2026.
RU.
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III. Findings

Under the applicable standard set forth in Section 766.24 of the
Regulations and my review of the entire record, I find that the
evidence presented by BIS convincingly demonstrates that Ural has acted
in violation of the Regulations and the TDO; that such violations have
been significant and deliberate; and that given the foregoing and the
nature of the matters under investigation, there is a likelihood of
imminent violations. Moreover, I find that renewal for an extended
period is appropriate because Ural has engaged in a pattern of
repeated, ongoing and/or continuous apparent violations of the EAR.
Therefore, renewal of the TDO for one year is necessary in the public
interest to prevent imminent violation of the Regulations and to give
notice to companies and individuals in the United States and abroad
that they should avoid dealing with Ural, in connection with export and
reexport transactions involving items subject to the Regulations and in
connection with any other activity subject to the Regulations.

IV. Order

It is therefore ordered:
First, URAL Airlines JSC, Utrenniy Lane 1-g, Yekaterinburg, Russia,
620025, when acting for or on their behalf, any successors or assigns,
agents, or employees may not, directly or indirectly, participate in
any way in any transaction involving any commodity, software or
technology (hereinafter collectively referred to as ``item'') exported
or to be exported from the United States that is subject to the EAR, or
in any other activity subject to the EAR including, but not limited to:
A. Applying for, obtaining, or using any license (except directly
related to safety of flight), license exception, or export control
document;
B. Carrying on negotiations concerning, or ordering, buying,
receiving, using, selling, delivering, storing, disposing of,
forwarding, transporting, financing, or otherwise servicing in any way,
any transaction involving any item exported or to be exported from the
United States that is subject to the EAR except directly related to
safety of flight and authorized by BIS pursuant to Section 764.3(a)(2)
of the Regulations, or engaging in any other activity subject to the
EAR except directly related to safety of flight and authorized by BIS
pursuant to Section 764.3(a)(2) of the Regulations; or
C. Benefitting in any way from any transaction involving any item
exported or to be exported from the United States that is subject to
the EAR, or from any other activity subject to the EAR except directly
related to safety of flight and authorized by BIS pursuant to Section
764.3(a)(2) of the Regulations.
Second, that no person may, directly or indirectly, do any of the
following:
A. Export, reexport, or transfer (in-country) to or on behalf of
Ural any item subject to the EAR except directly related to safety of
flight and authorized by BIS pursuant to Section 764.3(a)(2) of the
Regulations;
B. Take any action that facilitates the acquisition or attempted
acquisition by Ural of the ownership, possession, or control of any
item subject to the EAR that has been or will be exported from the
United States, including financing or other support activities related
to a transaction whereby Ural acquires or attempts to acquire such
ownership, possession or control except directly related to safety of
flight and authorized by BIS pursuant to Section 764.3(a)(2) of the
Regulations;
C. Take any action to acquire from or to facilitate the acquisition
or attempted acquisition from Ural of any item subject to the EAR that
has been exported from the United States except directly related to
safety of flight and authorized by BIS pursuant to Section 764.3(a)(2)
of the Regulations;
D. Obtain from Ural in the United States any item subject to the
EAR with knowledge or reason to know that the item will be, or is
intended to be, exported from the United States except directly related
to safety of flight and authorized by BIS pursuant to Section
764.3(a)(2) of the Regulations; or
E. Engage in any transaction to service any item subject to the EAR
that has been or will be exported from the United States and which is
owned, possessed or controlled by Ural, or service any item, of
whatever origin, that is owned, possessed or controlled by Ural if such
service involves the use of any item subject to the EAR that has been
or will be exported from the United States except directly related to
safety of flight and authorized by BIS pursuant to Section 764.3(a)(2)
of the Regulations. For purposes of this paragraph, servicing means
installation, maintenance, repair, modification, or testing.
Third, that, after notice and opportunity for comment as provided
in section 766.23 of the EAR, any other person, firm, corporation, or
business organization related to Ural by ownership, control, position
of responsibility, affiliation, or other connection in the conduct of
trade or business may also be made subject to the provisions of this
Order.
In accordance with the provisions of Sections 766.24(e) of the EAR,
Ural may,

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at any time, appeal this Order by filing a full written statement in
support of the appeal with the Office of the Administrative Law Judge,
U.S. Coast Guard ALJ Docketing Center, 40 South Gay Street, Baltimore,
Maryland 21202-4022.
In accordance with the provisions of Section 766.24(d) of the EAR,
BIS may seek renewal of this Order by filing a written request not
later than 20 days before the expiration date. A renewal request may be
opposed by Ural as provided in Section 766.24(d), by filing a written
submission with the Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Export
Enforcement, which must be received not later than seven days before
the expiration date of the Order.
A copy of this Order shall be provided to Ural, and shall be
published in the Federal Register.
This Order is effective immediately and shall remain in effect for
one year.

Dated: September 24, 2026.
David A. Peters,
Assistant Secretary of Commerce Secretary for Export Enforcement.
[FR Doc. 2026-19927 Filed 9-28-26; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 3510-DT-P

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