Notice2026-18924
L-lysine From the People's Republic of China: Antidumping Duty Order and Countervailing Duty Order
Primary source
Metadata and text below are from the Federal Register, a public-domain U.S. government work. Always verify the official published version before relying on it for any legal matter.
Published
September 16, 2026
Issuing agencies
Commerce DepartmentInternational Trade Administration
Abstract
Based on affirmative final determinations by the U.S. Department of Commerce (Commerce) and the U.S. International Trade Commission (ITC), Commerce is issuing antidumping duty (AD) and countervailing duty (CVD) orders on L-lysine (lysine) from the People's Republic of China (China).
Full Text
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<title>Federal Register, Volume 91 Issue 178 (Wednesday, September 16, 2026)</title>
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[Federal Register Volume 91, Number 178 (Wednesday, September 16, 2026)]
[Notices]
[Pages 58627-58631]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [<a href="http://www.gpo.gov">www.gpo.gov</a>]
[FR Doc No: 2026-18924]
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DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
International Trade Administration
[A-570-215, C-570-216]
L-lysine From the People's Republic of China: Antidumping Duty
Order and Countervailing Duty Order
AGENCY: Enforcement and Compliance, International Trade Administration,
Department of Commerce.
SUMMARY: Based on affirmative final determinations by the U.S.
Department of Commerce (Commerce) and the U.S. International Trade
Commission (ITC), Commerce is issuing antidumping duty (AD) and
countervailing duty (CVD) orders on L-lysine (lysine) from the People's
Republic of China (China).
DATES: Applicable September 16, 2026.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Jerry Xiao (AD) at (202) 482-2273; or
Grant Fuller (CVD) at (202) 482-6228, AD/CVD Operations, Offices II and
IX, Enforcement and Compliance, International Trade Administration,
U.S. Department of Commerce, 1401 Constitution Avenue NW, Washington,
DC 20230.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Background
In accordance with sections 705(d) and 735(d) of the Tariff Act of
1930, as amended (the Act), on July 23, 2026, Commerce published its
affirmative final determination of sales at less than fair value (LTFV)
of lysine from China and its affirmative final determination that
countervailable subsidies are being provided to producers and exporters
of lysine from China.\1\
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\1\ See L-Lysine from the People's Republic of China: Final
Affirmative Determination of Sales at Less Than Fair Value, 91 FR
46406 (July 23, 2026) (AD Final Determination); see also L-Lysine
from the People's Republic of China: Final Affirmative
Countervailing Duty Determination, 91 FR 46399 (July 23, 2026) (CVD
Final Determination).
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On September 2, 2026, pursuant to sections 705(d) and 735(d) of the
Act, the ITC notified Commerce of its final affirmative determinations
that an industry in the United States is materially injured by reason
of dumped imports of lysine from China, and subsidized imports of
lysine from China, within the meaning of sections
[[Page 58628]]
705(b)(1)(A)(i) and 735(b)(1)(A)(i) of the Act.\2\ On September 8,
2026, the ITC published its final determinations in the Federal
Register.\3\
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\2\ See ITC's Letter, ``Chairman Transmittal of Determination,''
dated September 2, 2026 (ITC Notification Letter).
\3\ See L-lysine from China, 91 FR 57162 (September 8, 2026)
(ITC Final Determination).
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Scope of the Orders
The products covered by these orders are lysine from China. For a
complete description of the scope of the orders, see the appendix to
this notice.
AD Order
On September 2, 2026, in accordance with section 735(d) of the Act,
the ITC notified Commerce of its final determination that an industry
in the United States is materially injured within the meaning of
section 735(b)(1)(A)(i) of the Act by reason of imports of lysine from
China that are sold in the United States at LTFV.\4\ Therefore, in
accordance with sections 735(c)(2) and 736 of the Act, Commerce is
issuing this AD order. Because the ITC determined that an industry in
the United States is materially injured by reason of imports of lysine
from China, unliquidated entries of such merchandise from the
countries, entered or withdrawn from warehouse for consumption, are
subject to the assessment of antidumping duties.
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\4\ See ITC Notification Letter.
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Therefore, in accordance with section 736(a)(1) of the Act,
Commerce will direct U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) to
assess, upon further instruction by Commerce, antidumping duties equal
to the amount by which the normal value of the merchandise exceeds the
export price (or constructed export price) of the merchandise on all
relevant entries of lysine from China. Antidumping duties will be
assessed on unliquidated entries of lysine entered, or withdrawn from
warehouse, for consumption on or after March 6, 2026, the date of
publication of the AD Preliminary Determination,\5\ but will not
include entries occurring after the expiration of the provisional
measures period and before publication of the ITC's final injury
determination, as further described in the ``Provisional Measures--AD''
section of this notice.
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\5\ See L-Lysine from the People's Republic of China:
Preliminary Affirmative Determination of Sales at Less Than Fair
Value, Postponement of Final Determination, and Extension of
Provisional Measures, 91 FR 11030 (March 6, 2026) (AD Preliminary
Determination).
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Suspension of Liquidation and Cash Deposits--AD
In accordance with section 736 of the Act, Commerce intends to
instruct CBP to reinstitute the suspension of liquidation and continue
the suspension of liquidation, as applicable, on all relevant entries
of lysine from China, effective on September 8, 2026, the date of
publication of the ITC's final affirmative injury determination in the
Federal Register.\6\
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\6\ See ITC Final Determination.
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Commerce also intends to instruct CBP to require cash deposits
equal to the estimated weighted-average dumping margins indicated in
the tables below, adjusted by the relevant subsidy offsets.
Accordingly, effective on the date of publication in the Federal
Register of the notice of the ITC's final affirmative injury
determination, CBP will require, at the same time as importers would
normally deposit estimated customs duties on subject merchandise, a
cash deposit equal to the rates listed in the tables below. The rate
for the China-wide entity applies to all producers or exporter
combinations not specifically listed, as appropriate. These
instructions suspending liquidation and cash deposit requirements will
remain in effect until further notice.
Estimated Weighted-Average Dumping Margins
The estimated weighted-average dumping margins are as follows:
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Cash deposit rate
Weighted-average (Adjusted for
Producer Exporter dumping margin subsidy offsets)
(percent) (percent)
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Anhui BBCA Biochemical Co., Ltd............ Zhengzhou Longgu Trading Co., * 139.83 139.65
Ltd.
Eppen Asia Pte. Ltd./Heilongjiang Eppen Zhengzhou Longgu Trading Co., * 139.83 139.65
Biotech Co., Ltd./Inner Mongolia Eppen Ltd.
Biotech Co., Ltd./Ningxia Eppen Biotech
Co., Ltd.
Shouguang Golden Corn Biotechnological Co., Zhengzhou Longgu Trading Co., * 139.83 139.65
Ltd. Ltd.
Shouguang Golden Corn Biotechnological Co., Zhengzhou Heshu Stockbreeding * 139.83 139.65
Ltd. Development Co., Ltd.
Eppen Asia Pte. Ltd./Heilongjiang Eppen Zhengzhou Heshu Stockbreeding * 139.83 139.65
Biotech Co., Ltd./Inner Mongolia Eppen Development Co., Ltd.
Biotech Co., Ltd./Ningxia Eppen Biotech
Co., Ltd.
Anhui BBCA Biochemical Co., Ltd............ Agromate Sg Pte. Ltd......... 73.55 73.37
Heilongjiang Wanlirunda Biotechnology Co., Agromate Sg Pte. Ltd......... 73.55 73.37
Ltd.
Eppen Asia Pte. Ltd./Heilongjiang Eppen Agromate Sg Pte. Ltd......... 73.55 73.37
Biotech Co., Ltd./Inner Mongolia Eppen
Biotech Co., Ltd./Ningxia Eppen Biotech
Co., Ltd.
Shouguang Golden Corn Biotechnological Co., Ainore (Tianjin) Trading Co., 73.55 73.37
Ltd. Ltd.
Heilongjiang Wanlirunda Biotechnology Co., Ainore (Tianjin) Trading Co., 73.55 73.37
Ltd. Ltd.
Anhui BBCA Biochemical Co., Ltd............ Aollen Biotech Co., Ltd...... 73.55 73.37
Changchun Dahe Bio Technology Development Aollen Biotech Co., Ltd...... 73.55 73.37
Co., Ltd.
Eppen Asia Pte. Ltd./Heilongjiang Eppen Aollen Biotech Co., Ltd...... 73.55 73.37
Biotech Co., Ltd./Inner Mongolia Eppen
Biotech Co., Ltd./Ningxia Eppen Biotech
Co., Ltd.
Heilongjiang Wanlirunda Biotechnology Co., Aollen Biotech Co., Ltd...... 73.55 73.37
Ltd.
Henan Jinyufeng Biotechnology Co., Ltd..... Aollen Biotech Co., Ltd...... 73.55 73.37
Jilin Meihua Amino Acid Co., Ltd........... Aollen Biotech Co., Ltd...... 73.55 73.37
Qiqihar Longjiang Fufeng Biotechnologies Aollen Biotech Co., Ltd...... 73.55 73.37
Co., Ltd.
Shouguang Golden Corn Biotechnological Co., Aollen Biotech Co., Ltd...... 73.55 73.37
Ltd.
[[Page 58629]]
Zhucheng Dongxiao Biotechnology Co., Ltd... Aollen Biotech Co., Ltd...... 73.55 73.37
Eppen Asia Pte. Ltd./Heilongjiang Eppen Pegasus Ltd.................. 73.55 73.37
Biotech Co., Ltd./Inner Mongolia Eppen
Biotech Co., Ltd./Ningxia Eppen Biotech
Co., Ltd.
Shandong Shouguang Juneng Golden Corn Pegasus Ltd.................. 73.55 73.37
Development Co., Ltd.
Qiqihar Longjiang Fufeng Biotechnologies Pegasus Ltd.................. 73.55 73.37
Co., Ltd.
Qiqihar Longjiang Fufeng Biotechnologies Qiqihar Longjiang Fufeng 73.55 73.37
Co., Ltd. Biotechnologies Co., Ltd.
Shouguang Golden Corn Biotechnological Co., Shouguang Golden Corn 73.55 73.37
Ltd. Biotechnological Co., Ltd.
China-wide Entity...................... * 139.83 139.65
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* Rate based on facts available with adverse inferences.
Provisional Measures--AD
Section 773(d) of the Act states that suspension of liquidation
pursuant to an affirmative preliminary determination may not remain in
effect for more than four months, except where exporters representing a
significant proportion of exports of the subject merchandise request
that Commerce extend the four-month period to no more than six months.
At the request of exporters that account for a significant proportion
of lysine from China, Commerce extended the four-month period to six
months.\7\
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\7\ See AD Preliminary Determination, 91 FR at 11033.
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In the underlying investigation, Commerce published the Preliminary
Determinations on March 6, 2026. Therefore, the six-month period
beginning on the date of the publication of the Preliminary
Determinations ended on September 1, 2026. In accordance with section
733(d) of the Act and our practice, Commerce will instruct CBP to
terminate the suspension of liquidation and to liquidate, without
regard to antidumping duties, unliquidated entries of lysine from China
entered, or withdrawn from warehouse, for consumption on or after
September 2, 2026, the day on which the provisional AD measures
expired, until and through the day preceding the date of publication of
the ITC's final injury determination in the Federal Register.\8\
Suspension of liquidation and the collection of cash deposits will
resume on the date of publication of the ITC's final determinations in
the Federal Register.
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\8\ See ITC Final Determination.
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CVD Order
As stated above, on September 2, 2026, the ITC notified Commerce of
its final determination that an industry is materially injured within
the meaning of section 705(b)(1)(A)(i) of the Act by reason of
subsidized imports of lysine from China.\9\ Therefore, in accordance
with sections 705(c)(2) and 706 of the Act, Commerce is issuing this
CVD order. Because the ITC determined that an industry in the United
States is materially injured by reason of subsidized imports of lysine
from China, unliquidated entries of such merchandise from the
countries, entered or withdrawn from warehouse for consumption, are
subject to the assessment of countervailing duties.
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\9\ See ITC Notification Letter.
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Therefore, in accordance with section 706(a) of the Act, Commerce
will direct CBP to assess, upon further instruction by Commerce,
countervailing duties on all relevant entries of lysine from China,
which are entered, or withdrawn from warehouse, for consumption on or
after January 22, 2026, the date of publication of the CVD Preliminary
Determination,\10\ but will not include entries occurring after the
expiration of the provisional measures period and before publication of
the ITC's final injury determination, as further described in the
``Provisional Measures--CVD'' section of this notice.
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\10\ See L-Lysine from the People's Republic of China:
Preliminary Affirmative Countervailing Duty Determination and
Alignment of Final Determination With Final Antidumping Duty
Determination, 91 FR 2745 (January 22, 2026) (CVD Preliminary
Determination).
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Suspension of Liquidation and Cash Deposits--CVD
In accordance with section 706 of the Act, Commerce intends to
instruct CBP to reinstitute the suspension of liquidation and continue
the suspension of liquidation, as applicable, on all relevant entries
of lysine from China, effective on September 9, 2026, the date of
publication of the ITC's final affirmative injury determination in the
Federal Register,\11\ and to assess, upon further instruction by
Commerce, countervailing duties on each entry of subject merchandise in
an amount based on the net countervailable subsidy rates below.
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\11\ See ITC Final Determination.
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Commerce also intends to instruct CBP to require cash deposits
equal to the amounts indicated in the tables below. Accordingly,
effective on the date of publication in the Federal Register of the
notice of the ITC's final affirmative injury determination, CBP will
require, at the same time as importers would normally deposit estimated
customs duties on subject merchandise, a cash deposit equal to the
rates listed in the tables below. The all-others rate applies to all
producers or exporters not specifically listed, as appropriate.
These instructions suspending liquidation and cash deposit
requirements will remain in effect until further notice.
Estimated CVD Subsidy Rates
The estimated CVD subsidy rates, as published in Commerce's CVD
Final Determination, are as follows:
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Subsidy rate (percent
Exporter/producer ad valorem)
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Inner Mongolia Eppen Biotech Co. Ltd.\12\...... 48.21
Helionjiang Wanli Runda Biotechnology Co., Ltd. * 82.11
[[Page 58630]]
Shouguang Golden-land Industry & Trading Co., * 82.11
Ltd...........................................
All Others..................................... 48.21
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* Rate based on facts available with adverse inferences.
Provisional Measures--CVD
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\12\ Commerce has found the following companies to be cross-
owned with Inner Mongolia Eppen: Heilongjiang Eppen Trading Co.,
Ltd.; Heilongjiang Eppen Biotech Co., Ltd.; Heilongjiang Eppen
Energy Co.; Ningxia Eppen Biotech Co. Ltd.; Star Lake Bioscience
Co., Ltd Zhaoqing Guangdong; and Guangdong Guangxin Holdings Group
Ltd.
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Section 703(d) of the Act states that suspension of liquidation
pursuant to an affirmative preliminary determination may not remain in
effect for more than four months. Commerce published the CVD
Preliminary Determination on January 22, 2026. Therefore, the four-
month period beginning on the date of the publication of the CVD
Preliminary Determination ended on May 21, 2026.
Therefore, in accordance with section 703(d) of the Act and our
practice, Commerce will instruct CBP to terminate the suspension of
liquidation and to liquidate, without regard to countervailing duties,
unliquidated entries of lysine from China entered, or withdrawn from
warehouse, for consumption on or after May 22, 2026, the first day
provisional measures were no longer in effect, until and through the
day preceding the date of publication of the ITC's final injury
determinations in the Federal Register. Suspension of liquidation and
the collection of cash deposits will resume on the date of publication
of the ITC's final determinations in the Federal Register.
Establishment of the Annual Inquiry Service Lists
On September 20, 2021, Commerce published the Final Rule in the
Federal Register.\13\ On September 27, 2021, Commerce also published
the Procedural Guidance in the Federal Register.\14\ The Final Rule and
Procedural Guidance provide that Commerce will maintain an annual
inquiry service list for each order or suspended investigation, and any
interested party submitting a scope ruling application or request for
circumvention inquiry shall serve a copy of the application or request
on the persons on the annual inquiry service list for that order, as
well as any companion order covering the same merchandise from the same
country of origin.
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\13\ See Regulations to Improve Administration and Enforcement
of Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Laws, 86 FR 52300 (September
20, 2021) (Final Rule).
\14\ See Scope Ruling Application; Annual Inquiry Service List;
and Informational Sessions, 86 FR 53205 (September 27, 2021)
(Procedural Guidance).
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In accordance with the Procedural Guidance, for orders published in
the Federal Register after November 21, 2021, Commerce will create an
annual inquiry service list segment in Commerce's online e-filing and
document management system, Antidumping and Countervailing Duty
Electronic Service System (ACCESS), available at <a href="https://access.trade.gov">https://access.trade.gov</a>, within five business days of publication of the
notice of the order. Each annual inquiry service list will be saved in
ACCESS, under each case number, and under a specific segment type
called ``AISL-Annual Inquiry Service List.'' \15\
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\15\ This segment will be combined with the ACCESS Segment
Specific Information (SSI) field which will display the month in
which the notice of the order or suspended investigation was
published in the Federal Register, also known as the anniversary
month. For example, for an order under case number A-000-000 that
was published in the Federal Register in January, the relevant
segment and SSI combination will appear in ACCESS as ``AISL-January
Anniversary.'' Note that there will be only one annual inquiry
service list segment per case number, and the anniversary month will
be pre-populated in ACCESS.
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Interested parties who wish to be added to the annual inquiry
service list for an order must submit an entry of appearance to the
annual inquiry service list segment for the order in ACCESS within 30
days after the date of publication of the order. For ease of
administration, Commerce requests that law firms with more than one
attorney representing interested parties in an order designate a lead
attorney to be included on the annual inquiry service list. Commerce
will finalize the annual inquiry service list within five business days
thereafter. As mentioned in the Procedural Guidance, \16\ the new
annual inquiry service list will be in place until the following year,
when the Opportunity Notice for the anniversary month of the order is
published.
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\16\ See Procedural Guidance, 86 FR at 53206.
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Commerce may update an annual inquiry service list at any time as
needed based on interested parties' amendments to their entries of
appearance to remove or otherwise modify their list of members and
representatives, or to update contact information. Any changes or
announcements pertaining to these procedures will be posted to the
ACCESS website.
Special Instructions for the Petitioner and Foreign Governments
In the Final Rule, Commerce stated that, ``after an initial request
and placement on the annual inquiry service list, both petitioners and
foreign governments will automatically be placed on the annual inquiry
service list in the years that follow.'' \17\ Accordingly, as stated
above, the petitioner and foreign governments should submit their
initial entries of appearance after publication of this notice in order
to appear in the first annual inquiry service lists for these orders.
Pursuant to 19 CFR 351.225(n)(3), the petitioner and foreign
governments will not need to resubmit their entries of appearance each
year to continue to be included on the annual inquiry service list.
However, the petitioner and foreign governments are responsible for
making amendments to their entries of appearance during the annual
update to the annual inquiry service list in accordance with the
procedures described above.
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\17\ See Final Rule, 86 FR at 52335.
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Notification to Interested Parties
This notice constitutes the AD and CVD orders with respect to
lysine from China, pursuant to section 736(a) of the Act. Interested
parties can find a list of AD and CVD orders currently in effect at
<a href="https://www.trade.gov/data-visualization/adcvd-proceedings">https://www.trade.gov/data-visualization/adcvd-proceedings</a>.
These orders are published in accordance with sections 706(a) and
736(a) of the Act, and 19 CFR 351.211(b).
Dated: September 11, 2026.
Christopher Abbott,
Deputy Assistant Secretary for Policy and Negotiations, performing the
non-exclusive functions and duties of the Assistant Secretary for
Enforcement and Compliance.
Appendix
Scope of the Orders
The scope of these orders covers animal feed grade L-lysine
(lysine). Lysine is an essential amino acid added to animal feed
that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins. The scope covers
lysine regardless of form, including lysine monohydrochloride, also
[[Page 58631]]
referred to as lysine HCL, lysine sulfate, and liquid lysine. The
scope includes lysine that has been coated or encapsulated for use
with ruminants to ensure bioavailability.
Lysine HCL in the dry form has the molecular formula
C6H14N2O2HCl. The Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) registry number
for lysine HCL is 657-27-2. Lysine HCL contains a minimum of 78
percent lysine by weight, as well as additional amino acids,
carbohydrates, mineral salts, and organic acids. Lysine sulfate is
the sulfate salt of lysine, and in the dry form it has the molecular
formula C6H16N2O6S. The CAS registry number for lysine sulfate is
60343-69-3. Lysine sulfate typically contains approximately 40-70
percent lysine by weight, as well as additional amino acids,
carbohydrates, mineral salts, and organic acids. Liquid lysine is a
concentrated form of lysine in an aqueous solution with the
molecular formula C6H14N2O2. The CAS registry number for liquid
lysine is 56-87-1. Liquid lysine normally contains at least 50
percent lysine by weight, as well as additional amino acids,
carbohydrates, mineral salts, and organic acids.
The scope includes animal feed grade lysine that is combined
with other products, including for example, by mixing, blending,
compounding, or granulating (e.g., base mixes, premixes, and
concentrates). For such combined products, only the lysine component
is covered by the scope of these orders.
Subject merchandise also includes lysine that has been processed
in a third country, including by commingling, diluting, adding or
removing additives, refining, converting from liquid to dry or dry
to liquid form, coating or encapsulating, or performing any
processing that would not otherwise remove the merchandise from the
scope of these orders if performed in the subject country.
The merchandise covered by these orders is properly classified
under Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (HTSUS)
subheading 2922.41.0090. Lysine may also be classified under HTSUS
subheadings 2922.41.0010, 2922.49.4950, 2309.90.7000, and
2309.90.9500. Although the HTSUS subheadings and the CAS registry
numbers are provided for convenience and customs purposes, the
written description of the scope of these orders is dispositive.
[FR Doc. 2026-18924 Filed 9-15-26; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 3510-DS-P
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This is legal information, not legal advice. Laws vary by jurisdiction and change frequently. Always verify current law with official sources and consult a licensed attorney in your jurisdiction for advice on your specific situation.