Rule2026-17531
Schedules of Controlled Substances: Temporary Placement of 5,6-Dichloro Brorphine, 5,6-Dichloro Desmethylchlorphine, N-Propionitrile Chlorphine, and Spirochlorphine in Schedule I of the Controlled Substances Act
Primary source
Metadata and text below are from the Federal Register, a public-domain U.S. government work. Always verify the official published version before relying on it for any legal matter.
Published
August 27, 2026
Effective
August 27, 2026
Issuing agencies
Justice DepartmentDrug Enforcement Administration
Abstract
The Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) issues this temporary order to schedule 1-(1-(1-(4-bromophenyl)ethyl)piperidin-4- yl)-5,6-dichloro-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-one (commonly known as 5,6-dichloro brorphine or SR-14968); 5,6-dichloro-1-(1-(4- chlorobenzyl)piperidin-4-yl)-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-one (commonly known as 5,6-dichloro desmethylchlorphine or SR-17018); 3-(3- (1-(1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl)piperidin-4-yl)-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H- benzo[d]imidazol-1-yl)propanenitrile (commonly known as N-propionitrile chlorphine or cychlorphine); and 8-(1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl)-1-phenyl- 1,3,8-triazaspiro[4.5]decan-4-one (commonly known as spirochlorphine or R-6890), including their isomers, esters, ethers, salts, and salts of isomers, esters, and ethers, whenever the existence of such isomers, esters, ethers, and salts is possible, to schedule I under the Controlled Substances Act. DEA bases this action on a finding that placing 5,6-dichloro brorphine, 5,6-dichloro desmethylchlorphine, N- propionitrile chlorphine, and spirochlorphine in schedule I is necessary to avoid an imminent hazard to public safety. This order imposes the regulatory controls and administrative, civil, and criminal sanctions applicable to schedule I controlled substances on persons who handle (manufacture, distribute, reverse distribute, import, export, engage in research, conduct instructional activities or chemical analysis, or possess) or propose to handle these substances.
Full Text
<html>
<head>
<title>Federal Register, Volume 91 Issue 165 (Thursday, August 27, 2026)</title>
</head>
<body><pre>
[Federal Register Volume 91, Number 165 (Thursday, August 27, 2026)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 55252-55258]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [<a href="http://www.gpo.gov">www.gpo.gov</a>]
[FR Doc No: 2026-17531]
=======================================================================
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE
Drug Enforcement Administration
21 CFR Part 1308
[Docket No. DEA-1665]
Schedules of Controlled Substances: Temporary Placement of 5,6-
Dichloro Brorphine, 5,6-Dichloro Desmethylchlorphine, N-Propionitrile
Chlorphine, and Spirochlorphine in Schedule I of the Controlled
Substances Act
AGENCY: Drug Enforcement Administration, Department of Justice.
ACTION: Temporary amendment; temporary scheduling order.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY: The Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) issues this
temporary order to schedule 1-(1-(1-(4-bromophenyl)ethyl)piperidin-4-
yl)-5,6-dichloro-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-one (commonly known
as 5,6-dichloro brorphine or SR-14968); 5,6-dichloro-1-(1-(4-
chlorobenzyl)piperidin-4-yl)-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-one
(commonly known as 5,6-dichloro desmethylchlorphine or SR-17018); 3-(3-
(1-(1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl)piperidin-4-yl)-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-
benzo[d]imidazol-1-yl)propanenitrile (commonly known as N-propionitrile
chlorphine or cychlorphine); and 8-(1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl)-1-phenyl-
1,3,8-triazaspiro[4.5]decan-4-one (commonly known as spirochlorphine or
R-6890), including their isomers, esters, ethers, salts, and salts of
isomers, esters, and ethers, whenever the existence of such isomers,
esters, ethers, and salts is possible, to schedule I under the
Controlled Substances Act. DEA bases this action on a finding that
placing 5,6-dichloro brorphine, 5,6-dichloro desmethylchlorphine, N-
propionitrile chlorphine, and spirochlorphine in schedule I is
necessary to avoid an imminent hazard to public safety. This order
imposes the regulatory controls and administrative, civil, and criminal
sanctions applicable to schedule I controlled substances on persons who
handle (manufacture, distribute, reverse distribute, import, export,
engage in research, conduct instructional activities or chemical
analysis, or possess) or propose to handle these substances.
DATES: This temporary order is effective August 27, 2026, until August
27, 2028. If this order is extended or made permanent, DEA will publish
a document in the Federal Register.
ADDRESSES: 8701 Morrissette Drive, Springfield, Virginia 22152.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Dr. Terrence L. Boos, Drug and
Chemical Evaluation Section, Diversion Control Division, Drug
Enforcement Administration; Mailing Address: 8701 Morrissette Drive,
Springfield, Virginia 22152; Telephone: (571) 362-3249.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)
issues a temporary scheduling order \1\ (in the form of a temporary
amendment) to add the following four synthetic opioids, including their
isomers, esters, ethers, salts, and salts of isomers, esters, and
ethers, whenever the existence of such isomers, esters, ethers, and
salts is possible, to schedule I under the Controlled Substances Act
(CSA):
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Though DEA has used the term ``final order'' with respect to
temporary scheduling orders in the past, this action adheres to the
statutory language of 21 U.S.C. 811(h), which refers to a
``temporary scheduling order.'' No substantive change is intended.
<bullet> 1-(1-(1-(4-bromophenyl)ethyl)piperidin-4-yl)-5,6-dichloro-1,3-
dihydro-2H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-one (Other names: 5,6-dichloro brorphine
or SR-14968)
<bullet> 5,6-dichloro-1-(1-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-4-yl)-1,3-dihydro-
2H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-one
[[Page 55253]]
(Other names: 5,6-dichloro desmethylchlorphine or SR-17018)
<bullet> 3-(3-(1-(1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl)piperidin-4-yl)-2-oxo-2,3-
dihydro-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-1-yl)propanenitrile (Other names: N-
propionitrile chlorphine or cychlorphine)
<bullet> 8-(1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl)-1-phenyl-1,3,8-
triazaspiro[4.5]decan-4-one (Other names: spirochlorphine or R-6890)
Legal Authority
The CSA provides the Attorney General with the authority to
temporarily place a substance in schedule I of the CSA for two years
without regard to the evaluation requirements of 21 U.S.C. 811(b), if
he finds that such action is necessary to avoid an imminent hazard to
the public safety.\2\ In addition, if proceedings to control a
substance are initiated under 21 U.S.C. 811(a)(1) while the substance
is temporarily controlled under section 811(h), the Attorney General
may extend the temporary scheduling for up to one year.\3\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\2\ 21 U.S.C. 811(h)(1).
\3\ 21 U.S.C. 811(h)(2).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Where the necessary findings are made, a substance may be
temporarily scheduled if it is not listed in any other schedule under
21 U.S.C. 812, or if there is no exemption or approval in effect for
the substance under section 505 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic
Act, 21 U.S.C. 355.\4\ The Attorney General has delegated scheduling
authority under 21 U.S.C. 811 to the Administrator of DEA
(Administrator).\5\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\4\ 21 U.S.C. 811(h)(1); 21 CFR part 1308.
\5\ 28 CFR 0.100.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Background
The CSA requires the Administrator to notify the Secretary of the
Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) of an intent to
temporarily place a substance in schedule I of the CSA (i.e., to issue
a temporary scheduling order).\6\ By letter dated April 1, 2026, the
Administrator transmitted the required notice to place the four
synthetic opioids--5,6-dichloro brorphine, 5,6-dichloro
desmethylchlorphine, N-propionitrile chlorphine, and spirochlorphine--
in schedule I on a temporary basis to the Assistant Secretary for
Health of HHS (Assistant Secretary).\7\ By letter dated April 10, 2026,
the Assistant Secretary responded to this notice and advised that,
based on a review by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), there were
currently no investigational new drug applications or approved new drug
applications for 5,6-dichloro brorphine, 5,6-dichloro
desmethylchlorphine, N-propionitrile chlorphine, or spirochlorphine.
The Assistant Secretary also stated that HHS had no objection to the
temporary placement of these substances in schedule I of the CSA. These
four synthetic opioids are not currently listed in any schedule under
the CSA, and no exemptions or approvals under 21 U.S.C. 355 are in
effect for these substances.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\6\ 21 U.S.C. 811(h)(4).
\7\ The Secretary of HHS has delegated to the Assistant
Secretary for Health of HHS the authority to make domestic drug
scheduling recommendations. Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and
Control Act of 1970, Public Law 91-513, As Amended; Delegation of
Authority, 58 FR 35460 (July 1, 1993).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
DEA has taken into consideration the Assistant Secretary's comments
as required by 21 U.S.C. 811(h)(4). DEA has found the control of the
four synthetic opioids--5,6-dichloro brorphine, 5,6-dichloro
desmethylchlorphine, N-propionitrile chlorphine, and spirochlorphine--
in schedule I on a temporary basis is necessary to avoid an imminent
hazard to public safety.
As required by 21 U.S.C. 811(h)(1)(A), DEA published a notice of
intent in the Federal Register on July 1, 2026, to temporarily schedule
5,6-dichloro brorphine, 5,6-dichloro desmethylchlorphine, N-
propionitrile chlorphine, and spirochlorphine.\8\ That notice discussed
findings from DEA's three-factor analysis, which DEA made available in
its entirety under ``Supporting and Related Material'' of the public
docket for this action at <a href="http://www.regulations.gov">www.regulations.gov</a> under Docket Number DEA-
1665.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\8\ Schedules of Controlled Substances: Temporary Placement of
5,6-Dichloro Brorphine, 5,6-Dichloro Desmethylchlorphine, N-
Propionitrile Chlorphine, and Spirochlorphine in Schedule I of the
Controlled Substances Act, 91 FR 39940 (July 01, 2026).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
To find that temporarily placing a substance in schedule I of the
CSA is necessary to avoid an imminent hazard to public safety, the
Administrator must consider three of the eight factors set forth in 21
U.S.C. 811(c): the substance's history and current pattern of abuse;
the scope, duration, and significance of abuse; and what, if any, risk
there is to public health.\9\ This consideration includes any
information indicating actual abuse, diversion from legitimate
channels, and clandestine importation, manufacture, or distribution of
these substances.\10\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\9\ 21 U.S.C. 811(c)(4)-(6), (h)(3).
\10\ 21 U.S.C. 811(h)(3).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Substances meeting the statutory requirements for temporary
scheduling may only be placed in schedule I.\11\ Substances in schedule
I have high potential for abuse, no currently accepted medical use in
treatment in the United States,\12\ and a lack of accepted safety for
use under medical supervision.\13\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\11\ 21 U.S.C. 811(h)(1).
\12\ When finding schedule I placement on a temporary basis is
necessary to avoid imminent hazard to the public, 21 U.S.C 811(h)
does not require DEA to consider whether the substance has a
currently accepted medical use in treatment in the United States.
Nonetheless, there is no evidence suggesting that the four synthetic
opioids--5,6-dichloro brorphine, 5,6-dichloro desmethylchlorphine,
N-propionitrile chlorphine, and spirochlorphine--have a currently
accepted medical use in treatment in the United States. First, DEA
looks to whether the drug or substance has FDA approval for
marketing in interstate commerce. When no FDA approval exists, DEA
has traditionally applied a five-part test to determine whether a
drug or substance has a currently accepted medical use: (1) the
drug's chemistry must be known and reproducible; (2) there must be
adequate safety studies; (3) there must be adequate and well-
controlled studies proving efficacy; (4) the drug must be accepted
by qualified experts; and (5) the scientific evidence must be widely
available. See Marijuana Scheduling Petition; Denial of Petition;
Remand, 57 FR 10499 (Mar. 26, 1992), pet. for rev. denied, Alliance
for Cannabis Therapeutics v. Drug Enforcement Admin., 15 F.3d 1131,
1135 (D.C. Cir. 1994). DEA applied the traditional five-part test
and concluded the test was not satisfied. In a published letter in a
different context, HHS created and applied its own two-part test to
determine currently accepted medical use for substances that do not
satisfy the five-part test: (1) whether there exists widespread,
current experience with medical use of the substance by licensed
health care providers operating in accordance with implemented
jurisdiction-authorized programs, where medical use is recognized by
entities that regulate the practice of medicine, and, if so, (2)
whether there exists some credible scientific support for at least
one of the medical conditions for which part (1) is satisfied. On
April 11, 2024, the Department of Justice's Office of Legal Counsel
(OLC) issued an opinion, which, among other things, concluded that
HHS's two-part test would be sufficient to establish that a drug has
a currently accepted medical use. Office of Legal Counsel,
Memorandum for Merrick B. Garland Attorney General Re: Questions
Related to the Potential Rescheduling of Marijuana at 3 (April 11,
2024). For purposes of this notice of intent, there is no evidence
that health care providers have widespread experience with medical
use of 5,6-dichloro brorphine, 5,6-dichloro desmethylchlorphine, N-
propionitrile chlorphine, or spirochlorphine, or that the use of
5,6-dichloro brorphine, 5,6-dichloro desmethylchlorphine, N-
propionitrile chlorphine, or spirochlorphine is recognized by
entities that regulate the practice of medicine, so the two-part
test also is not satisfied. By letter dated April 10, 2026, HHS
advised DEA that there are currently no approved new drug
applications or investigational new drug applications for 5,6-
dichloro brorphine, 5,6-dichloro desmethylchlorphine, N-
propionitrile chlorphine, or spirochlorphine. In addition, HHS
communicated no objections to the temporary placement of 5,6-
dichloro brorphine, 5,6-dichloro desmethylchlorphine, N-
propionitrile chlorphine, and spirochlorphine into schedule I of the
CSA.
\13\ 21 U.S.C. 812(b)(1).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
[[Page 55254]]
Four Synthetic Opioids: 5,6-Dichloro Brorphine, 5,6-Dichloro
Desmethylchlorphine, N-Propionitrile Chlorphine, and Spirochlorphine
The ongoing evolution and availability of novel psychoactive
substances on the illicit drug market continues to pose an imminent
hazard to public safety. Adverse health effects associated with the
abuse of these substances and their increased popularity have become a
serious concern in recent years. Such substances include four synthetic
opioids--5,6-dichloro brorphine, 5,6-dichloro desmethylchlorphine, N-
propionitrile chlorphine, and spirochlorphine--which have been
identified on the illicit drug market in the United States and
worldwide.
These four synthetic opioids are pharmacologically similar to other
synthetic opioids controlled under the CSA, such as brorphine,\14\
fentanyl,\15\ morphine,\16\ and other mu-opioid receptor agonists.\17\
Due to these pharmacological similarities, the use of these four
synthetic opioids presents a high risk of abuse and may negatively
affect users and their communities.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\14\ 21 CFR 1308.11(b)(24).
\15\ 21 CFR 1308.12(c)(9).
\16\ 21 CFR 1308.12(b)(1)(ix).
\17\ Unpublished data obtained for DEA by the U.S. Department of
Veterans Affairs (VA), via a DEA-VA Interagency Agreement, titled
``In Vitro Receptor and Transporter Assays for Abuse Liability
Testing for the DEA by the VA.''
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
These four synthetic opioids, which belong to a subset of opioids
colloquially known as orphines, are increasingly prevalent on the
recreational drug market and have been co-identified with other
substances, such as fentanyl, posing a significant threat to public
safety. This is particularly concerning, because the United States
continues to experience a significant number of opioid-involved
overdoses. The misuse and abuse of synthetic opioids, such as these
four substances, have led to devastating consequences, including death.
In the United States, 5,6-dichloro desmethylchlorphine, N-propionitrile
chlorphine, and spirochlorphine have been identified in both drug
seizures and toxicological cases, and 5,6-dichloro brorphine has been
identified in drug material.
The positive identification of these four synthetic opioids in law
enforcement seizures and toxicology reports indicates their
availability for drug abuse purposes, which poses a serious concern to
public safety. These substances have been detected through multiple
avenues, including DEA's Toxicology Testing Program (DEA TOX),\18\
DEA's National Forensic Laboratory Information System (NFLIS),\19\
other internal DEA data collection systems, and the National Institute
of Standards and Technology's Rapid Drug Analysis and Research (RaDAR)
program,\20\ among others. Data from these programs indicate that these
substances are found both alone or in combination with other
substances, and users may not be aware of polysubstance presence. In
addition, online discussions surrounding the recreational use of these
substances have recently increased.\21\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\18\ DEA TOX is a surveillance program that aims to detect novel
psychoactive substances (NPS) in fatal and nonfatal overdose cases
within the United States. From these cases, biological samples, as
well as drug paraphernalia (on limited occasions), are submitted for
analysis by hospitals, medical examiners, poison centers, and law
enforcement nationwide.
\19\ NFLIS represents an important resource in monitoring
illicit drug trafficking, including the diversion of legally
manufactured pharmaceuticals into illegal markets. NFLIS-Drug is a
comprehensive information system that includes data from forensic
laboratories that handle more than 96 percent of an estimated 1
million distinct annual federal, state, and local drug analysis
cases. NFLIS-Drug includes drug chemistry results from completed
analyses only. While NFLIS-Drug data are not direct evidence of
abuse, these can lead to an inference that a drug has been diverted
and abused. See Schedules of Controlled Substances: Placement of
Carisoprodol Into Schedule IV, 76 FR 77330, 77332 (Dec. 12, 2011).
\20\ RaDAR seeks to elucidate the chemical compositions of drugs
throughout the illicit drug landscape. Additional information is
available at <a href="https://www.nist.gov/programs-projects/radar">https://www.nist.gov/programs-projects/radar</a>.
\21\ Based on forum searches for the four synthetic opioids. In
addition, the National Drug Early Warning System (NDEWS) provides
Weekly Briefing newsletters related to drug trends, including web
monitoring. N-Propionitrile Chlorphine was featured in Issue 201:
September 27, 2024. SR-17018 was featured in Issue 257: November 14,
2025. Last accessed March 17, 2026. Newsletters are available at
<a href="https://ndews.org/publications/ndews-weekly-briefings/">https://ndews.org/publications/ndews-weekly-briefings/</a>.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
To confront these emerging substances and avoid an imminent hazard
to public safety, DEA intends to temporarily place 5,6-dichloro
brorphine, 5,6-dichloro desmethylchlorphine, N-propionitrile
chlorphine, and spirochlorphine in schedule I of the CSA. Available
data and information on these four synthetic opioids, summarized below,
indicate that these substances have a high potential for abuse, no
currently accepted medical use in treatment in the United States, and a
lack of accepted safety for use under medical supervision. DEA's three-
factor analysis is available in its entirety under ``Supporting and
Related Material'' of the public docket for this action at
<a href="http://www.regulations.gov">www.regulations.gov</a> under Docket Number DEA-1665.
Factor 4. Its History and Current Pattern of Abuse
5,6-Dichloro brorphine, 5,6-dichloro desmethylchlorphine, N-
propionitrile chlorphine, and spirochlorphine are novel synthetic
opioids that belong to a class of opioids colloquially known as
orphines. The earliest known description of these substances, which
include benzimidazolinyl piperidine derivatives (i.e.,
benzimidazolones), appeared in a U.S. patent in 1967.\22\ In recent
years, online forum users have begun to discuss recreational use of
these four synthetic opioids and commonly compared these four synthetic
opioids to other traditionally abused opioids, such as morphine and
fentanyl (schedule II substances). However, unlike these two drugs that
have FDA approval for use in specific medical treatments, the four
synthetic opioids have no currently approved medical use and, based on
positive identifications of these four substances in forensic drug
exhibits and toxicology samples, are likely to be trafficked and abused
similarly to other synthetic opioids, such as brorphine (schedule I).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\22\ See Janssen, P.A.J. (1967). Derivatives of benzimidazolinyl
piperidine (U.S. Patent No. 3,318,900). U.S. Patent and Trademark
Office.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Based on available data from user reports and law enforcement
seizures, individuals purchase 5,6-dichloro brorphine, 5,6-dichloro
desmethylchlorphine, N-propionitrile chlorphine, and spirochlorphine
primarily in powder form; additional forms include capsule, liquid,
paste, rock, and tablet forms. Common routes of administration include
oral consumption, inhalation (including vaping), and injection. Data
also indicate that these four substances are likely co-ingested with
other substances, whether as separate products or a single product
containing multiple licit and illicit substances (see Factor 6).
Factor 5. The Scope, Duration, and Significance of Abuse
Users on online forums began to discuss the four synthetic opioids
and their consumption in recent years. In 2025, clusters of overdoses
specifically resulting from N-propionitrile chlorphine use have led to
public concern both in the United States and in other countries. This
concern has initiated state-level efforts to control N-propionitrile
chlorphine.\23\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\23\ For example, a bill was recently introduced in the General
Assembly of Kentucky to, among other things, control cychlorphine.
See Ky. Gen. Assemb., H.B. 750, Reg. Sess. (2026), available at
<a href="https://apps.legislature.ky.gov/record/26rs/hb750.html">https://apps.legislature.ky.gov/record/26rs/hb750.html</a>.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
In addition, law enforcement data indicate that the presence of the
four
[[Page 55255]]
synthetic opioids is increasingly widespread in the United States.
NFLIS-Drug, a component of NFLIS, registered a collective total of 265
reports, across 21 states, pertaining to the trafficking, distribution,
and abuse of the four synthetic opioids.\24\ More specifically, NFLIS-
Drug reported 2 total encounters of 5,6-dichloro brorphine in 2 states
since 2025; 2 total encounters of 5,6-dichloro desmethylchlorphine in 2
states since 2025; 225 total encounters of N-propionitrile chlorphine
in 19 states since 2022; and 36 total encounters of spirochlorphine in
6 states since 2025. These states include Alabama, Arkansas,
California, Connecticut, Florida, Iowa, Illinois, Louisiana,
Massachusetts, Missouri, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, North
Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island,
Tennessee, and Texas. Moreover, other internal DEA data collection
systems reported four additional encounters of N-propionitrile
chlorphine in 2026.\25\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\24\ NFLIS-Drug data were queried on May 18, 2026. NFLIS-Drug
reports are still pending for 2025 and 2026 due to normal lag time.
\25\ The internal DEA data collection system was queried on May
21, 2026.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Furthermore, RaDAR has detected two of the four synthetic opioids
thus far. RaDAR reported its first detection of N-propionitrile
chlorphine in a sample from the East Coast of the United States,
collected in January 2026, that contained fentanyl, local anesthetics,
medetomidine, and xylazine.\26\ RaDAR also reported its first detection
of 5,6-dichloro desmethylchlorphine in multiple West Coast samples,
collected in February 2026, that contained either cannabinoids and
methamphetamine or no other compounds.\27\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\26\ Rapid Drug Analysis and Research (RaDAR). (2026, February
15). RaDAR Newsletter--January 2026. U.S. Department of Commerce,
National Institute of Standards and Technology. <a href="https://content.govdelivery.com/accounts/USNIST/bulletins/4093681">https://content.govdelivery.com/accounts/USNIST/bulletins/4093681</a>.
\27\ Rapid Drug Analysis and Research (RaDAR). (2026, March 16).
RaDAR Newsletter--February 2026. U.S. Department of Commerce,
National Institute of Standards and Technology. <a href="https://content.govdelivery.com/accounts/USNIST/bulletins/40e2fe7">https://content.govdelivery.com/accounts/USNIST/bulletins/40e2fe7</a>.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Factor 6. What, if Any, Risk There Is to Public Health
The availability of synthetic opioids on the illicit drug market
continues to exacerbate the opioid overdose epidemic and pose risks to
public health and safety. As mentioned previously, 5,6-dichloro
brorphine, 5,6-dichloro desmethylchlorphine, N-propionitrile
chlorphine, and spirochlorphine exhibit pharmacological profiles
similar to those of fentanyl, morphine, and other mu-opioid receptor
agonists. These substances bind to and activate the mu-opioid receptor,
which then mediates various physiological responses, including reward-
associated behavior.
Based on the pharmacological similarities between the four
synthetic opioids and other mu-opioid agonists, the four synthetic
opioids are likely to exhibit similar physiological responses.
Available data on 5,6-dichloro brorphine and 5,6-dichloro
desmethylchlorphine indicate that these two substances produce dose-
dependent antinociception, reward-associated behavior, and physical
dependence.\28\ Data on N-propionitrile chlorphine and spirochlorphine
indicate that these two substances have greater receptor binding
affinities, relative to fentanyl.\29\ Moreover, evidence suggests that
users abuse the four synthetic opioids for their euphoric and analgesic
effects. Users also specifically report self-administering 5,6-dichloro
desmethylchlorphine to reduce or reset opioid tolerance in an attempt
to continue or maximize drug-induced euphoric effects in subsequent
sessions. Consequently, such an attempt may likely increase users' risk
of inadvertent harm and fatal overdose during their next recreational
dose of other drugs.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\28\ See Kudla, L., Bugno, R., Podlewska, S., Szumiec, L.,
Wiktorowska, L., Bojarski, A.J., & Przewlocki, R. (2021). Comparison
of an addictive potential of [mu]-opioid receptor agonists with G
protein bias: Behavioral and molecular modeling studies.
Pharmaceutics, 14(1), 55. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14010055">https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14010055</a>.
\29\ Unpublished data obtained for DEA by the U.S. Department of
Veterans Affairs (VA), via a DEA-VA Interagency Agreement, titled
``In Vitro Receptor and Transporter Assays for Abuse Liability
Testing for the DEA by the VA.''
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Toxicological and forensic case reports on these four synthetic
opioids are currently limited, likely because commonly used drug
screening methods may not yet be able to identify these four synthetic
opioids. As a result, fatalities and emergency room admissions
involving the four synthetic opioids, in addition to those reported
below, have likely occurred without report. At present, only one
nonfatal overdose related to the four synthetic opioids has been
reported in scientific and medical literature.\30\ In this case report,
authors reported that a 36-year-old man was found unconscious after
inhaling a substance he believed to be alprazolam--a prescription
benzodiazepine--which forensic analysis revealed was primarily N-
propionitrile chlorphine mixed with fentanyl and xylazine. The overdose
victim also exhibited bradycardia and hypothermia upon arrival at the
emergency department.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\30\ See Sprague, J.E., Toms, J.A., & Ratermann, C.F. (2025).
Non-fatal opioid overdose associated predominantly with the
benzimidazolone, cychlorphine. Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia,
Pa.), 1-2. Advance online publication. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1080/15563650.2025.2594070">https://doi.org/10.1080/15563650.2025.2594070</a>.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Despite the limited case reports for these substances in
literature, case reports may be obtained through other programs, such
as DEA TOX. DEA TOX provides expanded analysis to detect novel
psychoactive substances in samples for which routine toxicological
findings do not explain the toxidrome exhibited by the victim. Thus
far, DEA TOX has positively identified N-propionitrile chlorphine in a
total of 49 fatalities; victims included both male (n = 28) and female
(n = 21) users, with ages ranging from 18-66 years old.\31\ In five of
these cases, N-propionitrile chlorphine was detected at low levels,
either alone or in the presence of other substances at negligible
concentrations, illustrating the potential harm of even low doses of
this substance.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\31\ DEA TOX data include confirmed detections of NPS through
the data query date, May 18, 2026.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Moreover, law enforcement and harm reduction data indicate that the
four synthetic opioids are easily and affordably obtainable online and
on the illicit market. Available law enforcement data reveal that drug
seizures related to the four synthetic opioids contain a plethora of
co-identified substances; these substances include, but are not limited
to, other opioids (e.g., carfentanil (schedule II), chlorphine,
fentanyl (schedule II), N-pyrrolidino metonitazene (schedule I));
benzodiazepines (e.g., alprazolam (schedule IV), bromazolam (schedule
I), clonazolam (schedule I)); stimulants (e.g., cocaine (schedule II),
methamphetamine (schedule II)); hallucinogens (e.g., phencyclidine
(schedule II)); pharmaceuticals (e.g., diphenhydramine, quetiapine);
and other adulterants (e.g., xylazine, bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-
piperidyl)sebacate). Available harm reduction data indicate that the
four synthetic opioids were individually or combinedly present as major
substances or trace contaminants in samples assumed to be other drugs,
like fentanyl. Consequently, individuals may be unknowingly exposed to
these substances despite their intentions to consume other drugs, such
as fentanyl.
Congruent with the data above, toxicological reports suggest that
users may have inadvertently ingested the four synthetic opioids with
other drugs, whether as separate products or a single product
containing multiple licit and illicit substances. In available
toxicological reports through DEA TOX,
[[Page 55256]]
substances co-identified with N-propionitrile chlorphine include, but
are not limited to, benzodiazepines (e.g., bromazolam (schedule I));
other opioids (e.g., fentanyl (schedule II), metonitazene (schedule I),
morphine (schedule II)); stimulants (e.g., cocaine (schedule II),
methamphetamine (schedule II)); and other adulterants (e.g.,
medetomidine, xylazine). Furthermore, the Center for Forensic Science
Research and Education reported detecting the four synthetic opioids
alone, with each other, or in combination with other synthetic opioids
(e.g., chlorphine, fentanyl (schedule II), N-pyrrolidino ethylene
isotonitazene); designer benzodiazepines (e.g., phenazolam); and
synthetic cathinones (e.g., 3,4-methylenedioxy-alpha-
pyrrolidinoisohexanophenone) across toxicological and drug samples
submitted to its program for analysis.\32\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\32\ The Center for Forensic Science Research and Education
documents its findings of novel psychoactive substances through drug
monographs published on its website. Available at <a href="https://www.cfsre.org/nps-discovery/monographs">https://www.cfsre.org/nps-discovery/monographs</a>.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
In summary, the data presented above indicate that these four
synthetic opioids have been encountered as single substances and as
polysubstance combinations, and, as a result, the unpredictable levels
of adulterant or drug purity across samples poses significant harm and
unintended consequences to public health, including death.
Finding of Necessity of Schedule I Placement To Avoid Imminent Hazard
To Public Safety
In accordance with 21 U.S.C. 811(h)(3), based on the available data
and information summarized above, the uncontrolled manufacture,
distribution, reverse distribution, importation, exportation, conduct
of research and chemical analysis, possession, and abuse of 5,6-
dichloro brorphine, 5,6-dichloro desmethylchlorphine, N-propionitrile
chlorphine, and spirochlorphine pose imminent hazards to public safety.
DEA is not aware of any currently accepted medical uses for 5,6-
dichloro brorphine, 5,6-dichloro desmethylchlorphine, N-propionitrile
chlorphine, or spirochlorphine in treatment in the United States. A
substance meeting the statutory requirements for temporary scheduling,
found in 21 U.S.C. 811(h)(1), may only be placed in schedule I.
Substances in schedule I must have a high potential for abuse, no
currently accepted medical use in treatment in the United States, and a
lack of accepted safety for use under medical supervision. Available
data and information for 5,6-dichloro brorphine, 5,6-dichloro
desmethylchlorphine, N-propionitrile chlorphine, and spirochlorphine
indicate that these substances meet the three statutory criteria.
As required by 21 U.S.C. 811(h)(4), the Administrator notified the
Assistant Secretary via letter dated April 1, 2026, of DEA's intention
to temporarily place four synthetic opioids--5,6-dichloro brorphine,
5,6-dichloro desmethylchlorphine, N-propionitrile chlorphine, and
spirochlorphine--in schedule I. In a letter dated April 10, 2026, the
Assistant Secretary had no objection to the temporary placement of
these four substances in schedule I. DEA subsequently published a
notice in the Federal Register on July 1, 2026.
Conclusion
In accordance with 21 U.S.C. 811(h)(1) and (3), the Administrator
considered available data and information, herein set forth the grounds
for his determination that it is necessary to temporarily schedule the
four synthetic opioids--5,6-dichloro brorphine, 5,6-dichloro
desmethylchlorphine, N-propionitrile chlorphine, and spirochlorphine--
in schedule I of the CSA, and finds that placement of these substances
in schedule I is necessary to avoid an imminent hazard to the public's
safety.
The temporary placement of 5,6-dichloro brorphine, 5,6-dichloro
desmethylchlorphine, N-propionitrile chlorphine, and spirochlorphine in
schedule I of the CSA will take effect on the date the order is
published in the Federal Register and will remain in effect for two
years, with a possible extension of an additional year, pending
completion of the regular (permanent) scheduling process.\33\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\33\ 21 U.S.C. 811(h)(1) and (2).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
The CSA sets forth specific criteria for scheduling drugs or other
substances. Regular scheduling actions in accordance with 21 U.S.C.
811(a) are subject to formal rulemaking procedures ``on the record
after opportunity for a hearing'' conducted pursuant to the provisions
of 5 U.S.C. 556 and 557.\34\ The regular scheduling process of formal
rulemaking affords interested parties appropriate process and the
government any additional relevant information needed to make a
determination. Final decisions that conclude the regular scheduling
process of formal rulemaking are subject to judicial review.\35\
Temporary scheduling orders are not subject to judicial review.\36\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\34\ 21 U.S.C. 811.
\35\ 21 U.S.C. 877.
\36\ 21 U.S.C. 811(h)(6).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Requirements for Handling
Upon the effective date of this temporary order, 5,6-dichloro
brorphine, 5,6-dichloro desmethylchlorphine, N-propionitrile
chlorphine, and spirochlorphine will be subject to the regulatory
controls and administrative, civil, and criminal sanctions applicable
to the manufacture, distribution, reverse distribution, importation,
exportation, possession of, and engagement in research and conduct of
instructional activities or chemical analysis with, schedule I
controlled substances, including but not limited to the following:
1. Registration. Any person who handles (possesses, manufactures,
distributes, reverse distributes, imports, exports, engages in
research, or conducts instructional activities or chemical analysis
with) or desires to handle 5,6-dichloro brorphine, 5,6-dichloro
desmethylchlorphine, N-propionitrile chlorphine, or spirochlorphine
must be registered with DEA to conduct such activities, pursuant to 21
U.S.C. 822, 823, 957, and 958, and in accordance with 21 CFR parts 1301
and 1312, as of August 27, 2026. Any person who currently handles 5,6-
dichloro brorphine, 5,6-dichloro desmethylchlorphine, N-propionitrile
chlorphine, or spirochlorphine and is not registered with DEA must
submit an application for registration and may not continue to handle
5,6-dichloro brorphine, 5,6-dichloro desmethylchlorphine, N-
propionitrile chlorphine, or spirochlorphine as of August 27, 2026,
unless DEA has approved that application for registration pursuant to
21 U.S.C. 822, 823, 957, and 958, and in accordance with 21 CFR parts
1301 and 1312.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, pursuant to 21 U.S.C. 822(h), if, on
August 27, 2026, a person is conducting research on 5,6-dichloro
brorphine, 5,6-dichloro desmethylchlorphine, N-propionitrile
chlorphine, or spirochlorphine and is already registered to conduct
research with another controlled substance in schedule I, the person
may continue to conduct research on 5,6-dichloro brorphine, 5,6-
dichloro desmethylchlorphine, N-propionitrile chlorphine, or
spirochlorphine if they submit a completed application for registration
or modification of existing registration, as applicable, to conduct
research with 5,6-dichloro brorphine,
[[Page 55257]]
5,6-dichloro desmethylchlorphine, N-propionitrile chlorphine, or
spirochlorphine not later than 90 calendar days after August 27, 2026.
The person may continue to conduct such research until the person
withdraws the application or the Administrator serves on the person an
order to show cause proposing denial of the application pursuant to 21
U.S.C. 824(c) and in accordance with 21 CFR 1301.37. If the
Administrator serves an order to show cause proposing denial of the
application or modification, the person may not continue to conduct
research with 5,6-dichloro brorphine, 5,6-dichloro desmethylchlorphine,
N-propionitrile chlorphine, or spirochlorphine and may not receive or
otherwise obtain additional 5,6-dichloro brorphine, 5,6-dichloro
desmethylchlorphine, N-propionitrile chlorphine, or spirochlorphine. If
an order to show cause is served and the person requests a hearing in
accordance with 21 CFR 1301.37(d), the hearing shall be held in
accordance with 21 CFR 1301.41-1301.46 on an expedited basis and not
later than 45 calendar days after the request is made, except that the
hearing may be held at a later time if so requested by the person. If
the person sends a copy of the application to a manufacturer or
distributor of 5,6-dichloro brorphine, 5,6-dichloro
desmethylchlorphine, N-propionitrile chlorphine, or spirochlorphine,
receipt of the copy by the manufacturer or distributor constitutes
sufficient evidence that the person is authorized to receive 5,6-
dichloro brorphine, 5,6-dichloro desmethylchlorphine, N-propionitrile
chlorphine, or spirochlorphine pursuant to 21 U.S.C. 822(h)(4).
Continuation of research under 21 U.S.C. 822(h) does not authorize any
other handling (e.g., distribution) of 5,6-dichloro brorphine, 5,6-
dichloro desmethylchlorphine, N-propionitrile chlorphine, or
spirochlorphine.
Retail sales of schedule I controlled substances to the general
public are not allowed under the CSA. Possession of any quantity of
5,6-dichloro brorphine, 5,6-dichloro desmethylchlorphine, N-
propionitrile chlorphine, or spirochlorphine in a manner not authorized
by the CSA on or after August 27, 2026, is unlawful, and those in
possession of any quantity of 5,6-dichloro brorphine, 5,6-dichloro
desmethylchlorphine, N-propionitrile chlorphine, or spirochlorphine may
be subject to prosecution pursuant to the CSA.
2. Disposal of stocks. Any person who does not desire or is unable
to obtain a schedule I registration to handle 5,6-dichloro brorphine,
5,6-dichloro desmethylchlorphine, N-propionitrile chlorphine, or
spirochlorphine must surrender all currently held quantities of these
substances.
3. Security. 5,6-Dichloro brorphine, 5,6-dichloro
desmethylchlorphine, N-propionitrile chlorphine, or spirochlorphine is
subject to schedule I security requirements and must be handled in
accordance with 21 CFR 1301.71-1301.93, as of August 27, 2026.
4. Labeling and Packaging. All labels, labeling, and packaging for
commercial containers of 5,6-dichloro brorphine, 5,6-dichloro
desmethylchlorphine, N-propionitrile chlorphine, or spirochlorphine
must comply with 21 U.S.C. 825 and 958(e) and 21 CFR part 1302. Current
DEA registrants will have 30 calendar days from August 27, 2026, to
comply with all labeling and packaging requirements.
5. Inventory. Every DEA registrant who possesses any quantity of
5,6-dichloro brorphine, 5,6-dichloro desmethylchlorphine, N-
propionitrile chlorphine, or spirochlorphine on the effective date of
this order must take an inventory of all stocks of these substances on
hand pursuant to 21 U.S.C. 827 and 958, and in accordance with 21 CFR
1304.03, 1304.04, and 1304.11. Current DEA registrants will have 30
calendar days from the effective date of this order to comply with all
inventory requirements. After the initial inventory, every DEA
registrant must take an inventory of all controlled substances
(including 5,6-dichloro brorphine, 5,6-dichloro desmethylchlorphine, N-
propionitrile chlorphine, and spirochlorphine) on hand on a biennial
basis pursuant to 21 U.S.C. 827 and 958 and in accordance with 21 CFR
1304.03, 1304.04, and 1304.11.
6. Records. All DEA registrants must maintain records with respect
to 5,6-dichloro brorphine, 5,6-dichloro desmethylchlorphine, N-
propionitrile chlorphine, or spirochlorphine pursuant to 21 U.S.C. 827
and 958(e) and in accordance with 21 CFR parts 1304, 1312, and 1317,
and section 1307.11. Current DEA registrants authorized to handle 5,6-
dichloro brorphine, 5,6-dichloro desmethylchlorphine, N-propionitrile
chlorphine, or spirochlorphine shall have 30 calendar days from the
effective date of this order to comply with all recordkeeping
requirements.
7. Reports. All DEA registrants must submit reports with respect to
5,6-dichloro brorphine, 5,6-dichloro desmethylchlorphine, N-
propionitrile chlorphine, or spirochlorphine pursuant to 21 U.S.C. 827
and in accordance with 21 CFR parts 1304, 1312, and 1317, and sections
1301.74(c) and 1301.76(b), as of August 27, 2026. Manufacturers and
distributors must also submit reports regarding 5,6-dichloro brorphine,
5,6-dichloro desmethylchlorphine, N-propionitrile chlorphine, or
spirochlorphine to the Automation of Reports and Consolidated Order
System pursuant to 21 U.S.C. 827 and in accordance with 21 CFR parts
1304 and 1312.
8. Order Forms. All DEA registrants who distribute 5,6-dichloro
brorphine, 5,6-dichloro desmethylchlorphine, N-propionitrile
chlorphine, or spirochlorphine must comply with order form requirements
pursuant to 21 U.S.C. 828 and in accordance with 21 CFR part 1305 as of
August 27, 2026.
9. Importation and Exportation. All importation and exportation of
5,6-dichloro brorphine, 5,6-dichloro desmethylchlorphine, N-
propionitrile chlorphine, or spirochlorphine must be in compliance with
21 U.S.C. 952, 953, 957, and 958, and in accordance with 21 CFR part
1312 as of August 27, 2026.
10. Quota. Generally, only DEA-registered manufacturers may
manufacture 5,6-dichloro brorphine, 5,6-dichloro desmethylchlorphine,
N-propionitrile chlorphine, or spirochlorphine in accordance with a
quota assigned pursuant to 21 U.S.C. 826 and in accordance with 21 CFR
part 1303, as of August 27, 2026.
11. Liability. Any activity involving 5,6-dichloro brorphine, 5,6-
dichloro desmethylchlorphine, N-propionitrile chlorphine, or
spirochlorphine not authorized by or in violation of the CSA, occurring
as of August 27, 2026, is unlawful, and may subject the person to
administrative, civil, or criminal sanctions.
Regulatory Analyses
The CSA provides for expedited temporary scheduling actions where
necessary to avoid an imminent hazard to public safety. Under 21 U.S.C.
811(h)(1), the Administrator (as delegated by the Attorney General)
may, by order, temporarily place substances in schedule I. Such orders
may not be issued before the expiration of 30 days from: (1) the
publication of a notice in the Federal Register of the intent to issue
such order and the grounds upon which such order is to be issued, and
(2) the date that notice of the proposed temporary scheduling order is
transmitted to the Assistant Secretary, as delegated by the Secretary
of HHS.\37\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\37\ 21 U.S.C. 811(h)(1).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Inasmuch as section 811(h) directs that temporary scheduling
actions be
[[Page 55258]]
issued by order (as distinct from a rule) and sets forth the procedures
by which such orders are to be issued, DEA believes the notice-and-
comment requirements of the Administrative Procedure Act (APA) at 5
U.S.C. 553, which are applicable to rulemaking, do not apply to this
temporary scheduling order. The APA expressly differentiates between
orders and rules, as it defines an ``order'' to mean a ``final
disposition, whether affirmative, negative, injunctive, or declaratory
in form, of an agency in a matter other than rule making.'' \38\ This
contrasts with permanent scheduling actions, which are subject to
formal rulemaking procedures done ``on the record after opportunity for
a hearing,'' and final decisions that conclude the scheduling process
and are subject to judicial review.\39\ The specific language chosen by
Congress indicates its intent that DEA issue orders instead of
proceeding by rulemaking when temporarily scheduling substances. Given
that Congress specifically requires the Administrator (as delegated by
the Attorney General) to follow rulemaking procedures for other kinds
of scheduling actions,\40\ it is noteworthy that, in section 811(h)(1),
Congress authorized the issuance of temporary scheduling actions by
order rather than by rule.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
\38\ 5 U.S.C. 551(6) (emphasis added).
\39\ 21 U.S.C. 811(a) and 877.
\40\ See 21 U.S.C. 811(a).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Even assuming that this action is subject to the notice-and-comment
requirements of the APA, the Administrator finds that there is good
cause to forgo these requirements pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 553(b)(B), as
any further delays in the process for issuing temporary scheduling
orders would be impracticable and contrary to the public interest given
the manifest urgency to avoid an imminent hazard to public safety.
Although DEA believes this temporary scheduling order is not
subject to the notice-and-comment requirements of the APA, DEA notes
that in accordance with 21 U.S.C. 811(h)(4), the Administrator took
into consideration comments submitted by the Assistant Secretary in
response to the notices that DEA transmitted to the Assistant Secretary
pursuant to such subsection.
Further, DEA believes that this temporary scheduling action is not
a ``rule'' as defined by 5 U.S.C. 601(2), and, accordingly, is not
subject to the requirements of the Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA).
The requirements for the preparation of an initial regulatory
flexibility analysis in 5 U.S.C. 603(a) are not applicable where, as
here, DEA is not required by the APA or any other law to publish a
general notice of proposed rulemaking. Therefore, in this instance,
since DEA believes this temporary scheduling action is not a ``rule,''
it is not subject to the requirements of the RFA when issuing this
temporary action.
In accordance with the principles of Executive Orders (E.O.) 12866
and 13563, this action is not a significant regulatory action. E.O.
12866 directs agencies to assess all costs and benefits of available
regulatory alternatives and, if regulation is necessary, to select
regulatory approaches that maximize net benefits (including potential
economic, environmental, public health, and safety effects;
distributive impacts; and equity). E.O. 13563 is supplemental to and
reaffirms the principles, structures, and definitions governing
regulatory review as established in E.O. 12866. The Office of
Management and Budget has determined that this is not a significant
regulatory action as defined in Section 3(f) of E.O. 12866. In
addition, DEA scheduling actions are not subject to either E.O. 14192,
Unleashing Prosperity Through Deregulation, or E.O. 14294, Fighting
Overcriminalization in Federal Regulations.
This action will not have substantial direct effects on the states,
on the relationship between the national government and the states, or
on the distribution of power and responsibilities among the various
levels of government. Therefore, in accordance with E.O. 13132, it is
determined that this action does not have sufficient federalism
implications to warrant the preparation of a Federalism Assessment.
List of Subjects in 21 CFR Part 1308
Administrative practice and procedure, Drug traffic control,
Reporting and recordkeeping requirements.
For the reasons set out above, DEA amends 21 CFR part 1308 as
follows:
PART 1308--SCHEDULES OF CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES
0
1. The authority citation for part 1308 continues to read as follows:
Authority: 21 U.S.C. 811, 812, 871(b), 956(b), unless otherwise
noted.
0
2. In Sec. 1308.11, add paragraphs (h)(92) through (95) to read as
follows:
Sec. 1308.11 Schedule I.
* * * * *
(h) * * *
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
* * * * * * *
(92) 1-(1-(1-(4-bromophenyl)ethyl)piperidin-4-yl)-5,6-dichloro- 9097
1,3-dihydro-2H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-one, its isomers, esters,
ethers, salts, and salts of isomers, esters, and ethers (Other
names: 5,6-dichloro brorphine; SR-14968).......................
(93) 5,6-dichloro-1-(1-(4-chlorobenzyl)piperidin-4-yl)-1,3- 9096
dihydro-2H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-one, its isomers, esters, ethers,
salts, and salts of isomers, esters, and ethers (Other names:
5,6-dichloro desmethylchlorphine; SR-17018)....................
(94) 3-(3-(1-(1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl)piperidin-4-yl)-2-oxo-2,3- 9094
dihydro-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-1-yl)propanenitrile, its isomers,
esters, ethers, salts, and salts of isomers, esters, and ethers
(Other names: N-propionitrile chlorphine; cychlorphine)........
(95) 8-(1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl)-1-phenyl-1,3,8- 9093
triazaspiro[4.5]decan-4-one, its isomers, esters, ethers,
salts, and salts of isomers, esters, and ethers (Other names:
spirochlorphine; R-6890).......................................
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Signing Authority
This document of the Drug Enforcement Administration was signed on
August 23, 2026, by DEA Administrator Terrance C. Cole. That document
with the original signature and date is maintained by DEA. For
administrative purposes only, and in compliance with requirements of
the Office of the Federal Register, the undersigned DEA Federal
Register Liaison Officer has been authorized to sign and submit the
document in electronic format for publication, as an official document
of DEA. This administrative process in no way alters the legal effect
of this document upon publication in the Federal Register.
Heather Achbach,
Federal Register Liaison Officer, Drug Enforcement Administration.
[FR Doc. 2026-17531 Filed 8-26-26; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4410-09-P
</pre></body>
</html>Indexed from Federal Register on August 27, 2026.
This is legal information, not legal advice. Laws vary by jurisdiction and change frequently. Always verify current law with official sources and consult a licensed attorney in your jurisdiction for advice on your specific situation.