Proposed Rule2026-11053

Amending the Administrative Hearing Procedures for Claims Against the Hazardous Substance Superfund Pursuant to the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act

Primary source

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Published
June 3, 2026

Issuing agencies

Environmental Protection Agency

Abstract

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is proposing to amend the administrative hearing procedures for claims brought against the Hazardous Substance Superfund pursuant to the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA).

Full Text

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<title>Federal Register, Volume 91 Issue 106 (Wednesday, June 3, 2026)</title>
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[Federal Register Volume 91, Number 106 (Wednesday, June 3, 2026)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 33135-33137]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [<a href="http://www.gpo.gov">www.gpo.gov</a>]
[FR Doc No: 2026-11053]


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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

40 CFR Part 305

[EPA-HQ-OLEM-2026-2048; FRL-13113-01-OLEM]
RIN 2050-AH49


Amending the Administrative Hearing Procedures for Claims Against 
the Hazardous Substance Superfund Pursuant to the Comprehensive 
Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act

AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

ACTION: Proposed rule.

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SUMMARY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is proposing to amend 
the administrative hearing procedures for claims brought against the 
Hazardous Substance Superfund pursuant to the Comprehensive 
Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA).

DATES: Comments must be received on or before August 3, 2026.

ADDRESSES: You may send comments, identified by Docket ID No. EPA-HQ-
OLEM-2026-2048, by any of the following methods:
    <bullet> Federal eRulemaking Portal: <a href="https://www.regulations.gov">https://www.regulations.gov</a> 
(our preferred method). Follow the online instructions for submitting 
comments.
    <bullet>  Mail: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, EPA Docket 
Center, Office of Land and Emergency Management, Docket, Mail Code 
28221T, 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20460.
    <bullet> Hand Delivery or Courier: EPA Docket Center, WJC West 
Building, Room 3334, 1301 Constitution Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20004. 
The Docket Center's hours of operations are 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., 
Monday-Friday (except Federal Holidays).
    Instructions: All submissions received must include the Docket ID 
No. for this rulemaking. Comments received may be posted without change 
to <a href="https://www.regulations.gov">https://www.regulations.gov</a>, including personal information 
provided. For detailed instructions on sending comments and additional 
information on the rulemaking process, see the ``Public Participation'' 
heading of the SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION section of this document.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Scott Mansfield, Office of Land and 
Emergency Management, Mail Code 5305T, Environmental Protection Agency, 
1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20460, telephone number: 
(202) 566-0174, email address: <a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#204d414e534649454c440e53434f5454604550410e474f56"><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="f69b979885909f939a92d88595998282b6938697d8919980">[email&#160;protected]</span></a>.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: 

I. Public Participation

Written Comments

    Submit your comments, identified by Docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OLEM-2026-
2048, at <a href="https://www.regulations.gov">https://www.regulations.gov</a> (our preferred method), or the 
other methods identified in the ADDRESSES section. Once submitted, 
comments cannot be edited or removed from the docket. EPA may publish 
any comment received to its public docket. Do not submit to EPA's 
docket at <a href="https://www.regulations.gov">https://www.regulations.gov</a> any information you consider to 
be Confidential Business Information (CBI), Proprietary Business 
Information (PBI), or other information whose disclosure is restricted 
by statute. Multimedia submissions (audio, video, etc.) must be 
accompanied by a written comment. The written comment is considered the 
official comment and should include discussion of all points you wish 
to make. EPA will generally not consider comments or comment contents 
located outside of the primary submission (i.e., on the web, cloud, or 
other file sharing system). Please visit <a href="https://www.epa.gov/dockets/commenting-epa-dockets">https://www.epa.gov/dockets/commenting-epa-dockets</a> for additional submission methods; the full EPA 
public comment policy; information about CBI, PBI, or multimedia 
submissions; and general guidance on making effective comments.

II. General Information

A. Does this action apply to me?

    This action affects persons who file claims for eligible response 
costs incurred in carrying out the National Oil and Hazardous 
Substances Pollution Contingency Plan.

[[Page 33136]]

B. What action is the agency taking?

    EPA is proposing to make one revision to 40 CFR part 305, which are 
the regulations Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and 
Liability Act (CERCLA) Administrative Hearing Procedures for Claims 
Against the Superfund. Sections 111(a)(2) and 122(b)(1) of CERCLA 
authorize EPA to, among other things, use the Hazardous Substance 
Superfund to reimburse certain persons who file claims for eligible 
response costs incurred in carrying out the National Oil and Hazardous 
Substances Pollution Contingency Plan. In this action, EPA is proposing 
to amend Sec.  305.31(a). Upon further evaluation, and for the reasons 
explained herein, EPA has determined that this revision is appropriate. 
40 CFR 305.31(a)
    Section 305.31 sets forth the rules of evidence for the relevant 
administrative hearings. It provides, as general rule, that ``The 
Presiding Officer shall admit all evidence which is not irrelevant, 
immaterial, unduly repetitious, or otherwise unreliable or of little 
probative value . . .'' 40 CFR 305.31(a). Notably, the exclusion of 
evidence that is simply ``of little probative value'' does not align 
with the Federal Rules of Evidence. EPA determines that excluding such 
evidence is unwarranted, particularly because the exclusion of evidence 
that is ``irrelevant, immaterial, unduly repetitious, or otherwise 
unreliable'' thoroughly addresses concerns related to relevancy. EPA is 
proposing to remove from Sec.  305.31(a) the language excluding 
evidence that is ``of little probative value'' to simplify the body of 
Federal regulations and to enable the admission of evidence that is 
relevant and otherwise acceptable but also ``of little probative 
value'' when considered by itself.
    In sum, EPA is proposing to amend Sec.  305.31 to simplify the body 
of Federal regulations. EPA is seeking comments on these proposed 
changes. In this proposal, EPA is not reconsidering, proposing to 
reopen, or otherwise soliciting comment on any other provisions of the 
existing Part 305 regulations or other regulations governing claims 
asserted against the Hazardous Substance Superfund beyond those 
specifically identified in this proposal. EPA will not respond to 
comments submitted on any issues other than those specifically 
identified in this proposal, and such comments will not be considered 
part of the rulemaking record.

C. What is the agency's authority for taking this action?

    The authority to propose this rule is found in sections 111, 112 
and 122 of the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and 
Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA), as amended by the Superfund Amendments 
and Reauthorization Act of 1986 (42 U.S.C. 9611, 9612, and 9622).

D. What are the incremental costs and benefits of this action?

    By removing unnecessary regulatory text this action will reduce the 
complexity of the body of the Federal regulations, which should result 
in an overall general reduction in burden for regulated entities using 
the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR).

III. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews

    Additional information about these statutes and Executive Orders 
can be found at <a href="https://www.epa.gov/laws-regulations/laws-and-executive-orders">https://www.epa.gov/laws-regulations/laws-and-executive-orders</a>.

A. Executive Order 12866: Regulatory Planning and Review and Executive 
Order 13563: Improving Regulation and Regulatory Review

    This action is not a significant regulatory action and was 
therefore not submitted to the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) 
for review.

B. Executive Order 14192: Unleashing Prosperity Through Deregulation

    This action is expected to be an Executive Order 14192 deregulatory 
action. The proposed rule is expected to provide burden reduction by 
simplifying the body of Federal regulations.

C. Paperwork Reduction Act (PRA)

    This action does not impose an information collection burden under 
the PRA. This action does not contain any information collection 
activities.

D. The Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA)

    I certify that this action will not have a significant economic 
impact on a substantial number of small entities under the RFA. In 
making this determination, the EPA concludes that the impact of concern 
for this rule is any significant adverse economic impact on small 
entities and that the agency is certifying that this rule will not have 
a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities 
because the rule has no net burden on the small entities subject to the 
rule. This action will reduce the regulatory burden on regulated 
entities associated with these procedures. We have therefore concluded 
that this action will relieve regulatory burden for all directly 
regulated small entities.

E. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act (UMRA)

    This action does not contain an unfunded mandate as described in 
UMRA, 2 U.S.C. 1531-1538, and does not significantly or uniquely affect 
small governments. The action will impose no enforceable duty on any 
state, local or Tribal governments or the private sector.

F. Executive Order 13132: Federalism

    This action does not have federalism implications. It will not have 
substantial direct effects on the states, on the relationship between 
the national government and the states, or on the distribution of power 
and responsibilities among the various levels of government.

G. Executive Order 13175: Consultation and Coordination With Indian 
Tribal Governments

    This action does not have Tribal implications as specified in 
Executive Order 13175 (65 FR 67249, November 9, 2000) because it does 
not have substantial direct effects on one or more Indian Tribes, on 
the relationship between the Federal Government and Indian Tribes, or 
on the distribution of power and responsibilities between the Federal 
Government and Indian Tribes. Thus, Executive Order 13175 does not 
apply to this action.

H. Executive Order 13045: Protection of Children From Environmental 
Health Risks and Safety Risks

    EPA interprets Executive Order 13045 as applying only to those 
regulatory actions that concern environmental health or safety risks 
that EPA has reason to believe may dispropor-tionately affect children, 
per the definition of ``covered regulatory action'' in section 2-202 of 
the Executive Order.
    Therefore, this action is not subject to Executive Order 13045 
because it does not concern an environmental health risk or safety 
risk. Since this action does not concern human health, EPA's Policy on 
Children's Health also does not apply. This action is proposing to 
amend the administrative hearing procedures for claims brought against 
the Hazardous Substance Superfund. There are no children's health 
considerations for this action.

[[Page 33137]]

I. Executive Order 13211: Actions Concerning Regulations That 
Significantly Affect Energy Supply, Distribution, or Use

    This action is not subject to Executive Order 13211 (66 FR 28355, 
May 22, 2001) because it is not a significant regulatory action under 
Executive Order 12866.

J. National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act (NTTAA) and 1 CFR 
Part 51

    This action does not involve technical standards.

List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 305

    Environmental protection, Cost recovery, Hazardous substances, 
Liability, Superfund.

Lee Zeldin,
Administrator.
    For the reasons set forth in the preamble, EPA proposes to amend 
part 305 of chapter I, subchapter J, of title 40 of the Code of Federal 
Regulations as follows:

PART 305--COMPREHENSIVE ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSE, COMPENSATION, and 
LIABILITY ACT (CERCLA) ADMINISTRATIVE HEARING PROCEDURES FOR CLAIMS 
AGAINST THE SUPERFUND

0
1. The authority citation for part 305 continues to read as follows:

    Authority: 42 U.S.C. 9601 et seq.; E.O. 12580, 52 FR 2923, 3 
CFR, 1987 Comp. p. 193.

Subpart D--Hearing Procedure

0
2. In Sec.  305.31, revise paragraph (a) to read as follows:


Sec.  305.31  Evidence.

    (a) General. The Presiding Officer shall admit all evidence which 
is not irrelevant, immaterial, unduly repetitious, or otherwise 
unreliable except that evidence which would be excluded in the Federal 
courts under Rule 408 of the Federal Rules of Evidence (28 U.S.C. 
appendix) is not admissible. In the presentation, admission, 
disposition, and use of evidence, the Presiding Officer shall follow 
the provisions regarding confidential business information of 40 CFR 
part 2, subpart B for CERCLA. The commercial or trade secret status of 
any information shall not, however, preclude its being introduced into 
evidence, The Presiding Officer may make such orders as may be 
necessary to consider such evidence in camera, including the 
preparation of a supplemental final order to address questions of law 
or fact which arise out of that portion of the evidence which is 
confidential or which includes trade secrets. For the purpose of 
recording the hearing, the court reporter shall be considered ``a 
person under contract or subcontract to EPA to perform work for EPA in 
connection with the Act or regulations which implement the Act'' 
pursuant to 40 CFR 2.301(h)(2); unless the affected business, as 
defined in 40 CFR 2.201(d), agrees to some other procedures approved by 
the Presiding Officer.
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[FR Doc. 2026-11053 Filed 6-2-26; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560-50-P


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Indexed from Federal Register on June 3, 2026.

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