Notice2026-10516

Stationary and Portable Air Compressors From the People's Republic of China, Malaysia, and the Socialist Republic of Vietnam: Initiation of Less-Than-Fair-Value Investigations

Primary source

Metadata and text below are from the Federal Register, a public-domain U.S. government work. Always verify the official published version before relying on it for any legal matter.

Published
May 27, 2026

Issuing agencies

Commerce DepartmentInternational Trade Administration

Full Text

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<title>Federal Register, Volume 91 Issue 101 (Wednesday, May 27, 2026)</title>
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[Federal Register Volume 91, Number 101 (Wednesday, May 27, 2026)]
[Notices]
[Pages 31406-31413]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [<a href="http://www.gpo.gov">www.gpo.gov</a>]
[FR Doc No: 2026-10516]


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DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

International Trade Administration

[A-570-232, A-557-836, A-552-856]


Stationary and Portable Air Compressors From the People's 
Republic of China, Malaysia, and the Socialist Republic of Vietnam: 
Initiation of Less-Than-Fair-Value Investigations

AGENCY: Enforcement and Compliance, International Trade Administration, 
Department of Commerce.


DATES: Applicable May 20, 2026.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Jinny Ahn and Caroline Davis at (202) 
482-0339 and (202) 482-1362, respectively (the People's Republic of 
China (China)), Anne Entz at (202) 482-3845 (Malaysia), and Patrick 
Barton at (202) 482-0012 (the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (Vietnam)), 
AD/CVD Operations, Enforcement and Compliance, International Trade 
Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce, 1401 Constitution Avenue 
NW, Washington, DC 20230.

[[Page 31407]]


SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

The Petitions

    On April 30, 2026, the U.S. Department of Commerce (Commerce) 
received antidumping duty (AD) petitions concerning imports of 
stationary and portable air compressors (air compressors) from China, 
Malaysia, and Vietnam, filed in proper form on behalf of MAT 
Industries, LLC (the petitioner), a domestic producer of air 
compressors.\1\ The AD Petitions were accompanied by countervailing 
duty (CVD) petitions concerning imports of air compressors from China, 
Malaysia, and Vietnam.\2\
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    \1\ See Petitioner's Letter, ``Petition for the Imposition of 
Antidumping and Countervailing Duties,'' dated April 30, 2026 
(Petitions).
    \2\ Id.
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    Between May 6 and 14, 2026, Commerce requested supplemental 
information pertaining to certain aspects of the Petitions in 
supplemental questionnaires.\3\ Between May 11 and 18, 2026, the 
petitioner filed timely responses to these requests for additional 
information.\4\
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    \3\ See Commerce's Letters, ``Supplemental Questions,'' dated 
May 6, 2026 (First General Issues Questionnaire); and ``First 
Country-Specific AD Supplemental Questionnaires: China AD 
Supplemental, Malaysia AD Supplemental, and Vietnam AD 
Supplemental,'' dated May 6, 2026; see also Memorandum, 
``Teleconference with Counsel to the Petitioner,'' dated May 14, 
2026 (Second General Issues Questionnaire); Country-Specific AD 
Memoranda: Second China AD Supplemental, Second Malaysia AD 
Supplemental, and Second Vietnam AD Supplemental, dated May 14, 
2026; and Memoranda, ``Teleconference with Counsel to the 
Petitioner,'' dated May 19, 2026 (Third General Issues 
Questionnaire).
    \4\ See Petitioner's Letters, ``Response to the General Issues 
Supplemental Question,'' dated May 11, 2026 (First General Issues 
Supplement); Country-Specific AD Supplemental Responses: First China 
AD Supplement, First Malaysia AD Supplement, and First Vietnam AD 
Supplement, dated May 11, 2026; ``Response to the Second 
Supplemental Questionnaire Regarding Volume I,'' dated May 18, 2026 
(Second General Issues Supplement); Second Country-Specific AD 
Supplemental Responses: Second China AD Supplement, Second Malaysia 
AD Supplement, and Second Vietnam AD Supplement, dated May 18, 2026; 
and ``Response to the Third Supplemental Questionnaire Regarding 
Volume I,'' dated May 20, 2026 (Third General Issues Supplement).
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    In accordance with section 732(b) of the Tariff Act of 1930, as 
amended (the Act), the petitioner alleges that imports of air 
compressors from China, Malaysia, and Vietnam are being, or are likely 
to be, sold in the United States at less than fair value (LTFV) within 
the meaning of section 731 of the Act, and that imports of such 
products are materially injuring, or threatening material injury to, 
the air compressors industry in the United States. Consistent with 
section 732(b)(1) of the Act, the Petitions were accompanied by 
information reasonably available to the petitioner supporting its 
allegations.
    Commerce finds that the petitioner filed the Petitions on behalf of 
the domestic industry, because the petitioner is an interested party, 
as defined in section 771(9)(C) of the Act. Commerce also finds that 
the petitioner demonstrated sufficient industry support for the 
initiation of the requested LTFV investigations.\5\
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    \5\ See section on ``Determination of Industry Support for the 
Petitions,'' infra.
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Periods of Investigations (POI)

    Because the Petitions were filed on April 30, 2026, pursuant to 19 
CFR 351.204(b)(1), the POI for the Malaysia LTFV investigation is April 
1, 2025, through March 31, 2026. Because China and Vietnam are non-
market economy (NME) countries, pursuant to 19 CFR 351.204(b)(1), the 
POI for the China and Vietnam LTFV investigations is October 1, 2025, 
through March 31, 2026.

Scope of the Investigations

    The products covered by these investigations are air compressors 
from China, Malaysia, and Vietnam. For a full description of the scope 
of these investigations, see the appendix to this notice.

Comments on the Scope of the Investigations

    Between May 6 and 19, 2026, Commerce requested information and 
clarification from the petitioner regarding the proposed scope to 
ensure that the scope language in the Petitions is an accurate 
reflection of the products for which the domestic industry is seeking 
relief.\6\ Between May 11 and 20, 2026, the petitioner provided 
clarifications and revised the scope.\7\ The description of merchandise 
covered by these investigations, as described in the appendix to this 
notice, reflects these clarifications.
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    \6\ See First General Issues Questionnaire; see also Second 
General Issues Questionnaire; and Third General Issues 
Questionnaire.
    \7\ See First General Issues Supplement at 2-8; see also Second 
General Issues Supplement at 1-4; and Third General Issues 
Questionnaire at 1.
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    As discussed in the Preamble to Commerce's regulations, we are 
setting aside a period for interested parties to raise issues regarding 
product coverage (i.e., scope).\8\ Commerce will consider all scope 
comments received from interested parties and, if necessary, will 
consult with interested parties prior to the issuance of the 
preliminary determinations. If scope comments include factual 
information, all such factual information should be limited to public 
information.\9\ Commerce requests that interested parties provide at 
the beginning of their scope comments a public executive summary for 
each comment or issue raised in their submission. Commerce further 
requests that interested parties limit their public executive summary 
of each comment or issue to no more than 450 words, not including 
citations. Commerce intends to use the public executive summaries as 
the basis of the comment summaries included in the analysis of scope 
comments. To facilitate preparation of its questionnaires, Commerce 
requests that scope comments be submitted by 5:00 p.m. Eastern Time 
(ET) on June 9, 2026, which is 20 calendar days from the signature date 
of this notice. Any rebuttal comments, which may include factual 
information, and should also be limited to public information, must be 
filed by 5:00 p.m. ET on June 22, 2026, which is the next business day 
after 10 calendar days from the initial comment deadline.\10\
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    \8\ See Antidumping Duties; Countervailing Duties, Final Rule, 
62 FR 27296, 27323 (May 19, 1997) (Preamble); see also 19 CFR 
351.312.
    \9\ See 19 CFR 351.102(b)(21) (defining ``factual 
information'').
    \10\ The deadline for scope rebuttal comments falls on June 19, 
2026, which is a federal holiday. Commerce's practice dictates that 
where a deadline falls on a weekend or federal holiday, the 
appropriate deadline is the next business day (in this instance, 
June 22, 2026). See 19 CFR 351.303(b)(1) (``For both electronically 
filed and manually filed documents, if the applicable due date falls 
on a non-business day, the Secretary will accept documents that are 
filed on the next business day.'').
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    Commerce requests that any factual information that parties 
consider relevant to the scope of these investigations be submitted 
during that period. However, if a party subsequently finds that 
additional factual information pertaining to the scope of the 
investigations may be relevant, the party must contact Commerce and 
request permission to submit the additional information. All scope 
comments must be filed simultaneously on the records of the concurrent 
LTFV and CVD investigations.

Filing Requirements

    All submissions to Commerce must be filed electronically via 
Enforcement and Compliance's Antidumping Duty and Countervailing Duty 
Centralized Electronic Service System (ACCESS), unless an exception 
applies.\11\ An

[[Page 31408]]

electronically filed document must be received successfully in its 
entirety by the time and date it is due.
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    \11\ See Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Proceedings: 
Electronic Filing Procedures; Administrative Protective Order 
Procedures, 76 FR 39263 (July 6, 2011); see also Enforcement and 
Compliance; Change of Electronic Filing System Name, 79 FR 69046 
(November 20, 2014), for details of Commerce's electronic filing 
requirements, effective August 5, 2011. Information on using ACCESS 
can be found at <a href="https://access.trade.gov/help">https://access.trade.gov/help</a> and a handbook can be 
found at <a href="https://access.trade.gov/ACCESS%20Handbook%20on%20Electronic%20Filing%20Procedures_March2026.pdf">https://access.trade.gov/ACCESS%20Handbook%20on%20Electronic%20Filing%20Procedures_March2026.pdf</a>.
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Comments on Product Characteristics

    Commerce is providing interested parties an opportunity to comment 
on the appropriate physical characteristics of air compressors to be 
reported in response to Commerce's AD questionnaires. This information 
will be used to identify the key physical characteristics of the 
subject merchandise in order to report the relevant factors of 
production (FOP) or cost of production (COP) accurately, as well as to 
develop appropriate product comparison criteria.
    Interested parties may provide any information or comments that 
they feel are relevant to the development of an accurate list of 
physical characteristics. Specifically, they may provide comments as to 
which characteristics are appropriate to use as: (1) general product 
characteristics; and (2) product comparison criteria. We note that it 
is not always appropriate to use all product characteristics as product 
comparison criteria. We base product comparison criteria on meaningful 
commercial differences among products. In other words, although there 
may be some physical product characteristics utilized by manufacturers 
to describe air compressors, it may be that only a select few product 
characteristics take into account commercially meaningful physical 
characteristics. In addition, interested parties may comment on the 
order in which the physical characteristics should be used in matching 
products. Generally, Commerce attempts to list the most important 
physical characteristics first and the least important characteristics 
last.
    In order to consider the suggestions of interested parties in 
developing and issuing the AD questionnaires, all product 
characteristics comments must be filed by 5:00 p.m. ET on June 9, 2026, 
which is 20 calendar days from the signature date of this notice. Any 
rebuttal comments must be filed by 5:00 p.m. ET on June 22, 2026, which 
is the next business day after 10 calendar days from the initial 
comment deadline.\12\ All comments and submissions to Commerce must be 
filed electronically using ACCESS, as explained above, on the record of 
each of the LTFV investigations.
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    \12\ The deadline for product characteristics rebuttal comments 
falls on June 19, 2026, which is a federal holiday. Commerce's 
practice dictates that where a deadline falls on a weekend or 
federal holiday, the appropriate deadline is the next business day 
(in this instance, June 22, 2026). See 19 CFR 351.303(b)(1) (``For 
both electronically filed and manually filed documents, if the 
applicable due date falls on a non-business day, the Secretary will 
accept documents that are filed on the next business day.'').
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Determination of Industry Support for the Petitions

    Section 732(b)(1) of the Act requires that a petition be filed on 
behalf of the domestic industry. Section 732(c)(4)(A) of the Act 
provides that a petition meets this requirement if the domestic 
producers or workers who support the petition account for: (i) at least 
25 percent of the total production of the domestic like product; and 
(ii) more than 50 percent of the production of the domestic like 
product produced by that portion of the industry expressing support 
for, or opposition to, the petition. Moreover, section 732(c)(4)(D) of 
the Act provides that, if the petition does not establish support of 
domestic producers or workers accounting for more than 50 percent of 
the total production of the domestic like product, Commerce shall: (i) 
poll the industry or rely on other information in order to determine if 
there is support for the petition, as required by subparagraph (A); or 
(ii) determine industry support using a statistically valid sampling 
method to poll the ``industry.''
    Section 771(4)(A) of the Act defines the ``industry'' as the 
producers as a whole of a domestic like product. Thus, to determine 
whether a petition has the requisite industry support, the statute 
directs Commerce to look to producers and workers who produce the 
domestic like product. The U.S. International Trade Commission (ITC), 
which is responsible for determining whether ``the domestic industry'' 
has been injured, must also determine what constitutes a domestic like 
product in order to define the industry. While both Commerce and the 
ITC apply the same statutory definition regarding the domestic like 
product,\13\ they do so for different purposes and pursuant to a 
separate and distinct authority. In addition, Commerce's determination 
is subject to limitations of time and information. Although this may 
result in different definitions of the like product, such differences 
do not render the decision of either agency contrary to law.\14\
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    \13\ See section 771(10) of the Act.
    \14\ See USEC, Inc. v. United States, 132 F.Supp.2d 1, 8 (CIT 
2001) (citing Algoma Steel Corp., Ltd. v. United States, 688 F.Supp. 
639, 644 (CIT 1988), aff'd Algoma Steel Corp., Ltd. v. United 
States, 865 F.2d 240 (Fed. Cir. 1989)).
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    Section 771(10) of the Act defines the domestic like product as ``a 
product which is like, or in the absence of like, most similar in 
characteristics and uses with, the article subject to an investigation 
under this title.'' Thus, the reference point from which the domestic 
like product analysis begins is ``the article subject to an 
investigation'' (i.e., the class or kind of merchandise to be 
investigated, which normally will be the scope as defined in the 
petition).
    With regard to the domestic like product, the petitioner does not 
offer a definition of the domestic like product distinct from the scope 
of the investigations.\15\ Based on our analysis of the information 
submitted on the record, we have determined that air compressors, as 
defined in the scope, constitute a single domestic like product, and we 
have analyzed industry support in terms of that domestic like 
product.\16\
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    \15\ For a discussion of the domestic like product analysis as 
applied to these cases and information regarding industry support, 
see Checklists, ``Antidumping Duty Investigation Initiation 
Checklists: Stationary and Portable Air Compressors from the 
People's Republic of China, Malaysia, and the Socialist Republic of 
Vietnam,'' dated concurrently with, and hereby adopted by, this 
notice (Country-Specific AD Initiation Checklists), at Attachment 
II, ``Analysis of Industry Support for the Antidumping and 
Countervailing Duty Petitions Covering Stationary and Portable Air 
Compressors from the People's Republic of China, Malaysia, and the 
Socialist Republic of Vietnam'' (Attachment II). These checklists 
are on file electronically via ACCESS.
    \16\ For further discussion, see Attachment II of the Country-
Specific AD Initiation Checklists.
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    In determining whether the petitioner has standing under section 
732(c)(4)(A) of the Act, we considered the industry support data 
contained in the Petitions with reference to the domestic like product 
as defined in the ``Scope of the Investigations,'' in the appendix to 
this notice. To establish industry support, the petitioner provided its 
own shipments of air compressors in 2025 and compared this to the 
estimated total shipments of the domestic like product for the entire 
domestic industry.\17\ Because total production data for the domestic 
like product for 2025 are not reasonably available to the petitioner, 
and the petitioner has established that shipments are a reasonable 
proxy for production data,\18\ we relied on data provided by the 
petitioner for purposes of measuring industry support.\19\
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    \17\ Id.
    \18\ Id.
    \19\ Id.
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    Our review of the data provided in the Petitions, the First General 
Issues Supplement, the Second General Issues Supplement, the Third 
General Issues Supplement, and other information

[[Page 31409]]

readily available to Commerce indicates that the petitioner has 
established industry support for the Petitions.\20\ First, the 
Petitions established support from domestic producers (or workers) 
accounting for more than 50 percent of the total production of the 
domestic like product and, as such, Commerce is not required to take 
further action in order to evaluate industry support (e.g., 
polling).\21\ Second, the domestic producers (or workers) have met the 
statutory criteria for industry support under section 732(c)(4)(A)(i) 
of the Act because the domestic producers (or workers) who support the 
Petitions account for at least 25 percent of the total production of 
the domestic like product.\22\ Finally, the domestic producers (or 
workers) have met the statutory criteria for industry support under 
section 732(c)(4)(A)(ii) of the Act because the domestic producers (or 
workers) who support the Petitions account for more than 50 percent of 
the production of the domestic like product produced by that portion of 
the industry expressing support for, or opposition to, the 
Petitions.\23\ Accordingly, Commerce determines that the Petitions were 
filed on behalf of the domestic industry within the meaning of section 
732(b)(1) of the Act.\24\
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    \20\ Id.
    \21\ Id.; see also section 732(c)(4)(D) of the Act.
    \22\ See Attachment II of the Country-Specific AD Initiation 
Checklists.
    \23\ Id.
    \24\ Id.
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Allegations and Evidence of Material Injury and Causation

    The petitioner alleges that the U.S. industry producing the 
domestic like product is being materially injured, or is threatened 
with material injury, by reason of the imports of the subject 
merchandise sold at LTFV. In addition, the petitioner alleges that 
subject imports exceed the negligibility threshold provided for under 
section 771(24)(A) of the Act.\25\
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    \25\ For further discussion, see Country-Specific AD Initiation 
Checklists at Attachment III, ``Analysis of Allegations and Evidence 
of Material Injury and Causation for the Antidumping and 
Countervailing Duty Petitions Covering Stationary and Portable Air 
Compressors from the People's Republic of China, Malaysia, and the 
Socialist Republic of Vietnam.''
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    The petitioner contends that the industry's injured condition is 
illustrated by a significant increase in the volume of subject imports; 
reduced market share; underselling and price depression and 
suppression; lost sales and revenues; decline U.S. shipments and a U.S. 
producer ceasing production; negative impact on financial performance, 
and negative impact on investment in automation and technology.\26\ We 
assessed the allegations and supporting evidence regarding material 
injury, threat of material injury, causation, as well as negligibility, 
and we have determined that these allegations are properly supported by 
adequate evidence, and meet the statutory requirements for 
initiation.\27\
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    \26\ Id.
    \27\ Id.
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Allegations of Sales at LTFV

    The following is a description of the allegations of sales at LTFV 
upon which Commerce based its decision to initiate LTFV investigations 
of imports of air compressors from China, Malaysia, and Vietnam. The 
sources of data for the deductions and adjustments relating to U.S. 
price and normal value (NV) are discussed in greater detail in the 
Country-Specific AD Initiation Checklists.

U.S. Price

    For all countries, the petitioner based export price (EP) on 
pricing information for air compressors produced in each country and 
sold or offered for sale in the U.S. market during the POI.\28\ For 
each country, the petitioner made certain adjustments to U.S. price to 
calculate a net ex-factory U.S. price, where applicable.\29\
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    \28\ See Country-Specific AD Initiation Checklists.
    \29\ Id.
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Normal Value <SUP>30</SUP>
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    \30\ In accordance with section 773(b)(2) of the Act, for the 
Malaysia investigation, Commerce will request information necessary 
to calculate the constructed value (CV) and COP to determine whether 
there are reasonable grounds to believe or suspect that sales of the 
foreign like product have been made at prices that represent less 
than the COP of the product.
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    For Malaysia, the petitioner stated that it was unable to obtain 
home market or third-country pricing information for air compressors 
produced in Malaysia to use as the basis for NV.\31\ Therefore, for 
Malaysia, the petitioner calculated NV based on constructed value 
(CV).\32\ For further discussion of CV, see the section ``Normal Value 
Based on Constructed Value.''
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    \31\ See Malaysia AD Initiation Checklist.
    \32\ Id.
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    Commerce considers China and Vietnam to be NME countries.\33\ In 
accordance with section 771(18)(C)(i) of the Act, any determination 
that a foreign country is an NME country shall remain in effect until 
revoked by Commerce. Therefore, we continue to treat China and Vietnam 
as NME countries for purposes of the initiation of the LTFV 
investigations. Accordingly, we base NV on FOPs valued in surrogate 
market economy countries in accordance with section 773(C) of the Act.
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    \33\ See, e.g., Raw Honey from the Socialist Republic of 
Vietnam: Final Results of Antidumping Duty Changed Circumstances 
Review, 89 FR 64411 (August 7, 2024), and accompanying NME Analysis 
Memorandum at 5; see also Certain Freight Rail Couplers and Parts 
Thereof from the People's Republic of China: Preliminary Affirmative 
Determination of Sales at Less Than Fair Value and Preliminary 
Affirmative Determination of Critical Circumstances, 88 FR 15372 
(March 13, 2023), and accompanying Preliminary Decision Memorandum 
at 5, unchanged in Certain Freight Rail Couplers and Parts Thereof 
from the People's Republic of China: Final Affirmative Determination 
of Sales at Less-Than-Fair Value and Final Affirmative Determination 
of Critical Circumstances, 88 FR 34485 (May 30, 2023).
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    The petitioner claims that Malaysia, Mexico, and the Republic of 
T[uuml]rkiye (T[uuml]rkiye) are appropriate surrogate countries for 
China because they are market economy countries that are at a level of 
economic development comparable to that of China and are significant 
producers of comparable merchandise.\34\ The petitioner provided 
publicly available information from Malaysia, Mexico, and T[uuml]rkiye 
to value all FOPs, where applicable.\35\ Based on the information 
provided by the petitioner, we believe it is appropriate to use 
Malaysia, Mexico, and T[uuml]rkiye as surrogate countries for China to 
value FOPs for initiation purposes.
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    \34\ See China AD Initiation Checklist.
    \35\ Id.
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    The petitioner claims that El Salvador, Indonesia, and Tunisia are 
appropriate surrogate countries for Vietnam because they are market 
economy countries that are at a level of economic development 
comparable to that of Vietnam and are significant producers of 
comparable merchandise.\36\ The petitioner provided publicly available 
information from El Salvador, Indonesia, and Tunisia to value all FOPs, 
where applicable.\37\ Based on the information provided by the 
petitioner, we believe it is appropriate to use El Salvador, Indonesia, 
and Tunisia as surrogate countries for Vietnam to value FOPs for 
initiation purposes.
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    \36\ See Vietnam AD Initiation Checklist.
    \37\ See Country-Specific AD Initiation Checklists.
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    Interested parties will have the opportunity to submit comments 
regarding surrogate country selection and, pursuant to 19 CFR 
351.301(c)(3)(i), will be provided an opportunity to submit publicly 
available information to value FOPs within 30 days before the scheduled 
date of the preliminary determinations.

[[Page 31410]]

Factors of Production

    Because information regarding the volume of inputs consumed by 
Chinese and Vietnamese producers/exporters was not reasonably 
available, the petitioner used its own production experience and 
product-specific consumption rates for air compressors as a surrogate 
to value Chinese and Vietnamese manufacturers' FOPs.\38\ For China, the 
petitioner calculated factory overhead, selling, general, and 
administrative (SG&A) expenses, and profit based on the experience of 
Malaysian, Mexican, and Turkish producers of comparable 
merchandise.\39\ For Vietnam, the petitioner calculated factory 
overhead, SG&A, and profit based on the experience of an Indonesian 
producer of comparable merchandise.\40\
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    \38\ Id.
    \39\ See China AD Initiation Checklist.
    \40\ See Vietnam AD Initiation Checklist.
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Normal Value Based on Constructed Value

    As noted above for Malaysia, the petitioner stated that it was 
unable to obtain home market or third-country pricing information for 
air compressors produced in Malaysia to use as the basis for NV. 
Therefore, the petitioner calculated NV based on CV.\41\
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    \41\ See Malaysia AD Initiation Checklist.
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    Pursuant to section 773(e) of the Act, the petitioner calculated CV 
as the sum of the cost of manufacturing, SG&A expenses, financial 
expenses, and profit.\42\ In calculating the cost of manufacturing, the 
petitioner relied on its own production experience and input 
consumption rates for air compressors, valued using publicly available 
information applicable to Malaysia.\43\ In calculating SG&A expenses, 
financial expenses, and profit ratios, the petitioner relied on the 
fiscal year 2025 financial statements of a producer of comparable 
merchandise domiciled in Malaysia.\44\
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    \42\ Id.
    \43\ Id.
    \44\ Id.
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Fair Value Comparisons

    Based on the data provided by the petitioner, there is reason to 
believe that imports of air compressors from China, Malaysia, and 
Vietnam are being, or are likely to be, sold in the United States at 
LTFV. Based on comparisons of EP to NV in accordance with sections 772 
and 773 of the Act, the estimated dumping margins for air compressors 
for each of the countries covered by the initiation are as follows: (1) 
China (Malaysia surrogate)--93.97 to 211.15 percent; (2) China (Mexico 
surrogate)--56.68 to 201.41 percent; (3) China (T[uuml]rkiye 
surrogate)--94.81 to 187.45 percent; (4) Malaysia--73.14 to 116.17 
percent; (5) Vietnam (El Salvador surrogate)--52.53 to 106.22 percent; 
(6) Vietnam (Indonesia surrogate)--25.85 to 132.31 percent; and (7) 
Vietnam (Tunisia surrogate)--22.06 to 140.39 percent.\45\
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    \45\ See Country-Specific AD Initiation Checklists.
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Initiation of LTFV Investigations

    Based upon the examination of the Petitions and supplemental 
responses, we find that they meet the requirements of section 732 of 
the Act. Therefore, we are initiating LTFV investigations to determine 
whether imports of air compressors from China, Malaysia, and Vietnam 
are being, or are likely to be, sold in the United States at LTFV. In 
accordance with section 733(b)(1)(A) of the Act and 19 CFR 
351.205(b)(1), unless postponed, we will make our preliminary 
determinations no later than 140 days after the date of this 
initiation.

Respondent Selection

China and Vietnam

    In the Petitions, the petitioner identified over 300 companies in 
China and 12 companies in Vietnam as producers and/or exporters of air 
compressors.\46\ Our standard practice for respondent selection in AD 
investigations involving NME countries is to select respondents based 
on quantity and value (Q&V) questionnaires in cases where Commerce has 
determined that the number of companies is large, and it cannot 
individually examine each company based upon its resources. Therefore, 
considering the number of producers and/or exporters identified in the 
Petitions, Commerce will solicit Q&V information that can serve as a 
basis for selecting exporters for individual examination in the event 
that Commerce determines that the number is large and decides to limit 
the number of respondents individually examined pursuant to section 
777A(c)(2) of the Act. Because there are over 300 Chinese producers 
and/or exporters identified in the Petitions, Commerce has determined 
that it will issue Q&V questionnaires to the largest producers and/or 
exporters in China that are identified in the U.S. Customs and Border 
Protection (CBP) POI entry data for which there is complete address 
information on the record.\47\ For Vietnam, because there are 12 
producers and/or exporters identified in the Petitions, Commerce will 
issue a Q&V questionnaire to each potential respondent in Vietnam for 
which there is complete address information on the record.
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    \46\ See Petitions at Volume I (Exhibit 11); see also First 
General Issues Supplement at Exhibit GI-SUPP-1; and Second General 
Issues Supplement at Exhibit GI-SUPP2-1.
    \47\ See Memorandum, ``Release of U.S. Customs and Border 
Protection Entry Data,'' dated May 19, 2026.
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    Commerce will post the Q&V questionnaires along with filing 
instructions on Commerce's website at <a href="https://www.trade.gov/ec-adcvd-qv-questionnaire">https://www.trade.gov/ec-adcvd-qv-questionnaire</a>. Producers/exporters of air compressors from China and 
Vietnam that do not receive Q&V questionnaires may still submit a 
response to the Q&V questionnaire and can obtain a copy of the Q&V 
questionnaire from Commerce's website. Responses to the Q&V 
questionnaire must be submitted by the relevant Chinese and Vietnamese 
producers/exporters no later than 5:00 p.m. ET on June 3, 2026, which 
is two weeks from the signature date of this notice. All Q&V 
questionnaire responses must be filed electronically via ACCESS. An 
electronically filed document must be received successfully, in its 
entirety, by ACCESS no later than 5:00 p.m. ET on the deadline noted 
above.
    Interested parties must submit applications for disclosure under 
administrative protective order (APO) in accordance with 19 CFR 
351.305(b). As stated above, instructions for filing such applications 
may be found on Commerce's website at <a href="https://www.trade.gov/administrative-protective-orders">https://www.trade.gov/administrative-protective-orders</a>.

Malaysia

    In the Petitions, the petitioner identified five companies in 
Malaysia.\48\ Following standard practice in AD investigations 
involving market economy countries, Commerce would normally select 
respondents based on CBP entry data for imports under the appropriate 
Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (HTSUS) subheading(s) 
listed in the ``Scope of the Investigations'' in the appendix. However, 
for this investigation, one of the main HTSUS subheadings under which 
the subject merchandise would enter (8414.80.1685) is a basket category 
under which non-subject merchandise may also enter. Therefore, instead 
of relying on CBP entry data in selecting respondents, we intend to 
issue Q&V questionnaires to each potential

[[Page 31411]]

respondent for which there is complete address information on the 
record.
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    \48\ See Petitions at Volume I (Exhibit I-15); see also First 
General Issues Supplement at Exhibit GI-SUPP-1.
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    Commerce will post the Q&V questionnaires along with filing 
instructions on Commerce's website at <a href="https://www.trade.gov/ec-adcvd-qv-questionnaire">https://www.trade.gov/ec-adcvd-qv-questionnaire</a>. Producers/exporters of air compressors from Malaysia 
that do not receive Q&V questionnaires may still submit a response to 
the Q&V questionnaire and can obtain a copy of the Q&V questionnaire 
from Commerce's website. Responses to the Q&V questionnaire must be 
submitted by the relevant producers/exporters no later than 5:00 p.m. 
ET on June 3, 2026, which is two weeks from the signature date of this 
notice. All Q&V questionnaire responses must be filed electronically 
via ACCESS. An electronically filed document must be received 
successfully, in its entirety, by ACCESS no later than 5:00 p.m. ET on 
the deadline noted above.
    Interested parties must submit applications for disclosure under 
APO in accordance with 19 CFR 351.305(b). As stated above, instructions 
for filing such applications may be found on Commerce's website at 
<a href="https://www.trade.gov/administrative-protective-orders">https://www.trade.gov/administrative-protective-orders</a>.

Separate Rates

    In order to obtain separate rate status in an NME investigation, 
exporters and producers must submit a separate rate application. The 
specific requirements for submitting a separate rate application in an 
NME investigation are outlined in detail in the application itself, 
which is available on Commerce's website at <a href="https://www.trade.gov/non-market-economy-separate-rate-applications-and-certifications">https://www.trade.gov/non-market-economy-separate-rate-applications-and-certifications</a>. Note that 
Commerce recently promulgated new regulations pertaining to separate 
rates, including the separate rate application deadline and eligibility 
for separate rate status, in 19 CFR 351.108.\49\ Pursuant to 19 CFR 
351.108(d)(1), the separate rate application will be due 21 days after 
publication of this initiation notice.\50\ Exporters and producers must 
file a timely separate rate application if they want to be considered 
for individual examination. In addition, pursuant to 19 CFR 351.108(e), 
exporters and producers who submit a separate rate application and have 
been selected as mandatory respondents will be eligible for 
consideration for separate rate status only if they fully respond to 
all parts of Commerce's AD questionnaire and participate in the LTFV 
proceeding as mandatory respondents.\51\ Commerce requires that 
companies from China and Vietnam submit a response both to the Q&V 
questionnaire and to the separate rate application by the respective 
deadlines to receive consideration for separate rate status. Companies 
not filing a timely Q&V questionnaire response will not receive 
separate rate consideration.
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    \49\ See Regulations Enhancing the Administration of the 
Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Trade Remedy Laws, 89 FR 101694, 
101759-60 (December 16, 2024).
    \50\ See 19 CFR 351.108(d)(1).
    \51\ See 19 CFR 351.108(e).
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Use of Combination Rates

    Commerce will calculate combination rates for certain respondents 
that are eligible for a separate rate in an NME investigation. The 
Separate Rates and Combination Rates Bulletin states:

{w{time} hile continuing the practice of assigning separate rates 
only to exporters, all separate rates that {Commerce{time}  will now 
assign in its NME investigation will be specific to those producers 
that supplied the exporter during the period of investigation. Note, 
however, that one rate is calculated for the exporter and all of the 
producers which supplied subject merchandise to it during the period 
of investigation. This practice applies both to mandatory 
respondents receiving an individually calculated separate rate as 
well as the pool of non-investigated firms receiving the {weighted 
average{time}  of the individually calculated rates. This practice 
is referred to as the application of ``combination rates'' because 
such rates apply to specific combinations of exporters and one or 
more producers. The cash-deposit rate assigned to an exporter will 
apply only to merchandise both exported by the firm in question and 
produced by a firm that supplied the exporter during the period of 
investigation.\52\
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    \52\ See Enforcement and Compliance's Policy Bulletin No. 05.1, 
regarding, ``Separate-Rates Practice and Application of Combination 
Rates in Antidumping Investigation involving NME Countries,'' (April 
5, 2005), at 6 (emphasis added), available on Commerce's website at 
<a href="https://www.trade.gov/enforcement-and-compliance-policy-bulletins-0">https://www.trade.gov/enforcement-and-compliance-policy-bulletins-0</a>.
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Distribution of Copies of the Petitions

    In accordance with section 732(b)(3)(A) of the Act and 19 CFR 
351.202(f), copies of the public version of the Petitions have been 
provided to the Governments of China, Malaysia, and Vietnam via ACCESS. 
To the extent practicable, we will attempt to provide a copy of the 
public version of the Petitions to each exporter named in the 
Petitions, as provided under 19 CFR 351.203(c)(2).

ITC Notification

    Commerce will notify the ITC of our initiation, as required by 
section 732(d) of the Act.

Preliminary Determinations by the ITC

    The ITC will preliminarily determine, within 45 days after the date 
on which the Petitions were filed, whether there is a reasonable 
indication that imports of air compressors from China, Malaysia, and/or 
Vietnam are materially injuring, or threatening material injury to, a 
U.S. industry.\53\ A negative ITC determination for any country will 
result in the investigation being terminated with respect to that 
country.\54\ Otherwise, these LTFV investigations will proceed 
according to statutory and regulatory time limits.
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    \53\ See section 733(a) of the Act.
    \54\ Id.
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Submission of Factual Information

    Factual information is defined in 19 CFR 351.102(b)(21) as: (i) 
evidence submitted in response to questionnaires; (ii) evidence 
submitted in support of allegations; (iii) publicly available 
information to value factors under 19 CFR 351.408(c) or to measure the 
adequacy of remuneration under 19 CFR 351.511(a)(2); (iv) evidence 
placed on the record by Commerce; and (v) evidence other than factual 
information described in (i)-(iv). Section 351.301(b) of Commerce's 
regulations requires any party, when submitting factual information, to 
specify under which subsection of 19 CFR 351.102(b)(21) the information 
is being submitted \55\ and, if the information is submitted to rebut, 
clarify, or correct factual information already on the record, to 
provide an explanation identifying the information already on the 
record that the factual information seeks to rebut, clarify, or 
correct.\56\ Time limits for the submission of factual information are 
addressed in 19 CFR 351.301, which provides specific time limits based 
on the type of factual information being submitted. Interested parties 
should review the regulations prior to submitting factual information 
in these investigations.
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    \55\ See 19 CFR 351.301(b).
    \56\ See 19 CFR 351.301(b)(2).
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Particular Market Situation Allegation

    Section 773(e) of the Act addresses the concept of particular 
market situation (PMS) for purposes of CV, stating that ``if a 
particular market situation exists such that the cost of materials and 
fabrication or other processing of any kind does not accurately reflect 
the cost of production in the ordinary course of trade, the 
administering authority may use another calculation methodology under 
this subtitle or any other calculation methodology.'' When an 
interested

[[Page 31412]]

party submits a PMS allegation pursuant to section 773(e) of the Act 
(i.e., a cost-based PMS allegation), the submission must be filed in 
accordance with the requirements of 19 CFR 351.416(b), and Commerce 
will respond to such a submission consistent with 19 CFR 
351.301(c)(2)(v). If Commerce finds that a cost-based PMS exists under 
section 773(e) of the Act, then it will modify its dumping calculations 
appropriately.
    Neither section 773(e) of the Act, nor 19 CFR 351.301(c)(2)(v), 
sets a deadline for the submission of cost-based PMS allegations and 
supporting factual information. However, in order to administer section 
773(e) of the Act, Commerce must receive PMS allegations and supporting 
factual information with enough time to consider the submission. Thus, 
should an interested party wish to submit a cost-based PMS allegation 
and supporting new factual information pursuant to section 773(e) of 
the Act, it must do so no later than 20 days after submission of a 
respondent's initial section D questionnaire response.
    We note that a PMS allegation filed pursuant to sections 
773(a)(1)(B)(ii)(III) or 773(a)(1)(C)(iii) of the Act (i.e., a sales-
based PMS allegation) must be filed within 10 days of submission of a 
respondent's initial section B questionnaire response, in accordance 
with 19 CFR 351.301(c)(2)(i) and 19 CFR 351.404(c)(2).

Extensions of Time Limits

    Parties may request an extension of time limits before the 
expiration of a time limit established under 19 CFR 351.301, or as 
otherwise specified by Commerce. In general, an extension request will 
be considered untimely if it is filed after the expiration of the time 
limit established under 19 CFR 351.301, or as otherwise specified by 
Commerce.\57\ For submissions that are due from multiple parties 
simultaneously, an extension request will be considered untimely if it 
is filed after 10:00 a.m. ET on the due date. Under certain 
circumstances, Commerce may elect to specify a different time limit by 
which extension requests will be considered untimely for submissions 
which are due from multiple parties simultaneously. In such a case, we 
will inform parties in a letter or memorandum of the deadline 
(including a specified time) by which extension requests must be filed 
to be considered timely. An extension request must be made in a 
separate, standalone submission; under limited circumstances we will 
grant untimely filed requests for the extension of time limits, where 
we determine, based on 19 CFR 351.302, that extraordinary circumstances 
exist. Parties should review Commerce's regulations concerning the 
extension of time limits and the Time Limits Final Rule prior to 
submitting factual information in these investigations.\58\
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    \57\ See 19 CFR 351.301; see also Extension of Time Limits; 
Final Rule, 78 FR 57790 (September 20, 2013 (Time Limits Final 
Rule), available at <a href="https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2013-09-20/html/2013-22853.htm">https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2013-09-20/html/2013-22853.htm</a>.
    \58\ See 19 CFR 351.302; see also, e.g., Time Limits Final Rule.
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Certification Requirements

    Any party submitting factual information in an AD or CVD proceeding 
must certify to the accuracy and completeness of that information.\59\ 
Parties must use the certification formats provided in 19 CFR 
351.303(g).\60\ Commerce intends to reject factual submissions if the 
submitting party does not comply with the applicable certification 
requirements.
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    \59\ See section 782(b) of the Act.
    \60\ See Certification of Factual Information to Import 
Administration During Antidumping and Countervailing Duty 
Proceedings, 78 FR 42678 (July 17, 2023) (Final Rule). Additional 
information regarding the Final Rule is available at <a href="https://enforcement.trade.gov/tlei/notices/factual_info_final_rule_FAQ_07172013.pdf">https://enforcement.trade.gov/tlei/notices/factual_info_final_rule_FAQ_07172013.pdf</a>.
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Notification to Interested Parties

    Interested parties must submit applications for disclosure under 
APO in accordance with 19 CFR 351.305. Parties wishing to participate 
in these investigations should ensure that they meet the requirements 
of 19 CFR 351.103(d) (e.g., by filing the required letter of 
appearance). Note that Commerce has amended certain of its requirements 
pertaining to the service of documents in 19 CFR 351.303(f).\61\
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    \61\ See Administrative Protective Order, Service, and Other 
Procedures in Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Proceedings, 88 FR 
67069 (September 29, 2023).
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    This notice is issued and published pursuant to sections 732(c)(2) 
and 777(i) of the Act, and 19 CFR 351.203(c).

    Dated: May 20, 2026.
Christopher Abbott,
Deputy Assistant Secretary for Policy and Negotiations, performing the 
non-exclusive functions and duties of the Assistant Secretary for 
Enforcement and Compliance.

Appendix

Scope of the Investigations

    The merchandise covered by these investigations consists of 
certain stationary and portable air compressors, whether electric, 
gas, or battery powered, including electric motor and gasoline 
engine powered air compressors with either oil free or oil 
lubricated reciprocating pumps, and with an integrated pressure 
vessel that ranges in size from 1 to 80 gallons. The compressors may 
be either direct drive or belt driven.
    Direct drive air compressors included in the scope have a motor 
connected directly to the compressor element. Belt driven air 
compressors included in the scope have a motor connected to the 
compressor crankshaft with a belt. Direct drive air compressors are 
more often portable but can be stationary, while belt driven air 
compressors are either portable or stationary.
    Covered air compressors have a power level designation between 
373 watts (0.5 HP) and 22.37 kilowatts (30 HP). Specifically, 
portable air compressors often range in power from 0.5HP (373 watts) 
to 15HP (11.19KW). Reciprocating stationary air compressors range in 
power from 0.5HP (373 watts) to 25HP (18.64KW). However, a portable 
or stationary air compressor with a different power level, within 
the range of 373 watts to 22.37 KW, and otherwise meeting the 
language of the scope, is covered by the scope. The scope includes 
only certain reciprocating (piston) compressors, which use a piston 
moving back and forth in a cylinder to compress the air. The scope 
also includes unfinished compressors exported from the subject 
countries. Subject merchandise also includes finished and unfinished 
compressors that are further processed in a third country or in the 
United States, including, but not limited to, assembly or any other 
processing that would not otherwise remove the merchandise from the 
scope of these investigations if performed in the country of 
manufacture of the in-scope air compressors. The additional parts 
used to complete ``unfinished compressors'' in a third country are 
subject to the scope of these investigations.
    For the purposes of this scope, ``unfinished compressors'' are 
compressors which require additional fabrication such as labeling, 
and packaging, and kitting operations adding accessories.
    Specifically included in the scope are compressors which are 
imported as part of a package with accessories or other products, or 
kit. Such accessories include but are not limited to hoses, 
fittings, tool kits, oils, nail guns, pneumatic paint sprayers, air 
ratchet wrenches, air grease guns, air drills, air hammers, air 
sanders, air inflators, and air impact drivers. If such accessories 
or other products are imported separately from the air compressor, 
such products are not subject to the scope of these investigations.
    Specifically excluded from the scope are AC, DC, and battery 
powered inflators without an integrated air tank or air reservoir 
that have an output of 1 CFM or less.
    The scope excludes rotary compressors. Types of rotary 
compressors excluded from the scope are rotary screw, rotary vane, 
and scroll compressors. The scope also excludes dynamic compressors. 
Types of dynamic compressors excluded from the scope are centrifugal 
compressors and axial compressors, where rotating impellers or 
blades compress air.
    The in-scope stationary air compressors are classified under 
subheadings 8414.80.1615, 8414.80.1625, and 8414.80.1635 of the 
Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (HTSUS). The in-
scope portable air

[[Page 31413]]

compressors are classified under subheading 8414.80.1685 of the 
HTSUS. Although the HTSUS subheadings are provided for convenience 
and customs purposes, the written description of the covered 
merchandise is dispositive.

[FR Doc. 2026-10516 Filed 5-26-26; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 3510-DS-P


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Indexed from Federal Register on May 27, 2026.

This is legal information, not legal advice. Laws vary by jurisdiction and change frequently. Always verify current law with official sources and consult a licensed attorney in your jurisdiction for advice on your specific situation.