Rule2026-04159

Air Plan Approval; AK; Regional Haze State Implementation Plan for the Second Implementation Period

Primary source

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Published
March 3, 2026
Effective
April 2, 2026

Issuing agencies

Environmental Protection Agency

Abstract

The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is approving the Alaska regional haze plan for the second implementation period. Alaska submitted the plan to address applicable requirements under the Clean Air Act and the EPA's Regional Haze Rule.

Full Text

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<title>Federal Register, Volume 91 Issue 41 (Tuesday, March 3, 2026)</title>
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[Federal Register Volume 91, Number 41 (Tuesday, March 3, 2026)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 10339-10342]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [<a href="http://www.gpo.gov">www.gpo.gov</a>]
[FR Doc No: 2026-04159]


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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

40 CFR Part 52

[EPA-R10-OAR-2023-0348; FRL-11133-02-R10]


Air Plan Approval; AK; Regional Haze State Implementation Plan 
for the Second Implementation Period

AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

ACTION: Final rule.

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SUMMARY: The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is approving the 
Alaska regional haze plan for the second implementation period. Alaska 
submitted the plan to address applicable requirements under the Clean 
Air Act and the EPA's Regional Haze Rule.

DATES: This final rule is effective April 2, 2026.

ADDRESSES: The EPA has established a docket for this action under 
Docket ID No. EPA-R10-OAR-2023-0348. All documents in the docket are 
listed on the <a href="https://www.regulations.gov">https://www.regulations.gov</a> website. Although listed in 
the index, some information is not publicly available, e.g., 
Confidential Business Information or other information, the disclosure 
of which is restricted by statute. Certain other material, such as 
copyrighted material, is not placed on the internet and will be 
publicly available only in hard copy form. Publicly available docket 
materials are available at <a href="https://www.regulations.gov">https://www.regulations.gov</a>, or please 
contact the person listed in the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT 
section for additional availability information.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Kristin Hall, EPA Region 10, 1200 
Sixth Avenue, Suite 155, Seattle, WA 98101, at (206) 553-6357 or 
<a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#dcb4bdb0b0f2b7aeb5afa8b5b29cb9acbdf2bbb3aa"><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="5139303d3d7f3a23382225383f113421307f363e27">[email&#160;protected]</span></a>.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Throughout this document, wherever ``we'' or 
``our'' is used, it means ``the EPA.''

Table of Contents

I. Background
II. Public Comments and EPA Responses
III. Final Action
IV. Incorporation by Reference
V. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews

I. Background

    In 1977, Congress established the national goal of preventing any 
future and remedying any existing impairment of visibility in mandatory 
Class I Federal areas that results from manmade (anthropogenic) air 
pollution.\1\ The Regional Haze Rule lays out the steps for States to 
develop and implement plans to address this national visibility 
goal.\2\ States work in coordination with the EPA, the Federal Land 
Managers, and other interested parties, through an iterative process 
and series of implementation periods.
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    \1\ Clean Air Act section 169A(a)(1).
    \2\ 40 CFR 51.308.
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    On July 25, 2022, the Alaska Department of Environmental 
Conservation (DEC) submitted a regional haze State Implementation Plan 
revision (2022 regional haze SIP submission) to address the Regional 
Haze Rule requirements for the second implementation period (2018 
through 2028). On December 4, 2024, the Alaska DEC updated specific 
analyses relied on in the 2022 regional haze SIP submission, and on 
October 6, 2025, the Alaska DEC clarified certain aspects of the 
submission.
    The EPA proposed to approve Alaska's 2022 regional haze SIP 
submission for the second implementation period on October 30, 2025 (90 
FR 48855). Specifically, the EPA proposed to approve the submission as 
meeting the requirements of 40 CFR 51.308(f)(1) through (6), (g)(1) 
through (5), and (i). In addition, as requested by the Alaska DEC, the 
EPA proposed to approve, and incorporate by

[[Page 10340]]

reference into the Alaska SIP at 40 CFR 52.70(c), two new regulatory 
provisions of Alaska Administrative Code Title 18 Environmental 
Conservation, Chapter 50 Air Quality Control (18 AAC 50), specifically, 
18 AAC 50.025 and 18 AAC 50.265, State effective August 21, 2022. We 
note that we extended the comment period an additional 15 days to allow 
interested parties more time to develop and submit comments (90 FR 
52308, November 20, 2025).
    Our proposed action provided background on the requirements of the 
Clean Air Act and Regional Haze Rule, a summary of Alaska's 2022 
regional haze SIP submission and the rationale for the EPA's proposed 
action. That background and rationale will not be restated here.

II. Public Comments and EPA Responses

    We received public comments from the following groups and 
individuals:
    <bullet> National Parks Conservation Association, Coalition to 
Protect America's Parks, and Sierra Club;
    <bullet> Elayna Bassuk;
    <bullet> Citizen's Rulemaking Alliance;
    <bullet> Alaska DEC;
    <bullet> Delaney Barrett;
    <bullet> Mid-Atlantic/Northeast Visibility Union; and
    <bullet> Anonymous commenter.
    The full text of all comments received may be found in the docket 
for this action at <a href="https://www.regulations.gov/docket/EPA-R10-OAR-2023-0348">https://www.regulations.gov/docket/EPA-R10-OAR-2023-0348</a>. The EPA's responses to all significant adverse comments received 
are presented in the EPA's response to comments document, file 
211_EPA_Response_to_Comments_February_2026, which may be found in the 
docket for this action at <a href="https://www.regulations.gov/docket/EPA-R10-OAR-2023-0348">https://www.regulations.gov/docket/EPA-R10-OAR-2023-0348</a>.

III. Final Action

    For the reasons stated in the proposed action, in the response to 
comments document, and in this preamble, the EPA is approving Alaska's 
2022 regional haze SIP submission for the second implementation period 
as meeting the following requirements:
    <bullet> 40 CFR 51.308(f)(1)--calculation of baseline, current, and 
natural visibility conditions; progress to date; and the uniform rate 
of progress;
    <bullet> 40 CFR 51.308(f)(2)--long-term strategy requirements;
    <bullet> 40 CFR 51.308(f)(3)--reasonable progress goal 
requirements;
    <bullet> 40 CFR 51.308(f)(4)--additional monitoring needed to 
address reasonably attributable visibility impairment;
    <bullet> 40 CFR 51.308(f)(5)--progress report requirements;
    <bullet> 40 CFR 51.308(f)(6)--monitoring strategy and other plan 
requirements;
    <bullet> 40 CFR 51.308(g)(1) through (5)--progress report 
requirements; and
    <bullet> 40 CFR 51.308(i)--State and Federal Land Manager 
coordination requirements.
    The EPA is also approving, and incorporating by reference into the 
Alaska SIP at 40 CFR 52.70(c), the following submitted regulations:
    <bullet> 18 AAC 50.025 Visibility and other special protection 
areas (defining the geographic scope of the regional haze visibility 
protection area), State effective August 21, 2022; and
    <bullet> 18 AAC 50.265 Additional requirements for construction or 
operation of title V permitted sources and operation of minor 
stationary sources within the regional haze special protection area 
(requiring fuel-burning and industrial sources located in the 
visibility protection area to save maintenance records, submit 
emissions data to the State for purposes of the national emissions 
inventory, and in each permit application, provide an assessment of 
whether proposed emissions increases may impact the State's reasonable 
further progress goals), State effective August 21, 2022.
    The EPA is taking this action pursuant to Clean Air Act sections 
110 and 169A.

IV. Incorporation by Reference

    In this document, the EPA is finalizing regulatory text that 
includes incorporation by reference. In accordance with requirements of 
1 CFR 51.5, the EPA is finalizing the incorporation by reference of the 
regulatory provisions described in section III. of this preamble. The 
EPA has made, and will continue to make, these materials generally 
available through <a href="https://www.regulations.gov">https://www.regulations.gov</a> and at the EPA Region 10 
Office (please contact the person identified in the FOR FURTHER 
INFORMATION CONTACT section of this preamble for more information). 
Therefore, these materials have been approved by the EPA for inclusion 
in the SIP, have been incorporated by reference by the EPA into that 
plan, are fully federally enforceable under sections 110 and 113 of the 
Clean Air Act as of the effective date of the final rule of the EPA's 
approval, and will be incorporated by reference in the next update to 
the SIP compilation.\3\
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    \3\ 62 FR 27968 (May 22, 1997).
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V. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews

    Under the Clean Air Act, the Administrator is required to approve a 
SIP revision that complies with the provisions of the Clean Air Act and 
applicable Federal regulations. 42 U.S.C. 7410(k); 40 CFR 52.02(a). 
Thus, in reviewing SIP revisions, the EPA's role is to approve State 
choices, provided that they meet the criteria of the Clean Air Act. 
Accordingly, this action merely approves State law as meeting Federal 
requirements and does not impose additional requirements beyond those 
imposed by State law. For that reason, this action:
    <bullet> Is not a significant regulatory action subject to review 
by the Office of Management and Budget under Executive Order 12866 (58 
FR 51735, October 4, 1993);
    <bullet> Is not subject to Executive Order 14192 (90 FR 9065, 
February 6, 2025) because SIP actions are exempt from review under 
Executive Order 12866;
    <bullet> Does not impose an information collection burden under the 
provisions of the Paperwork Reduction Act (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.);
    <bullet> Is certified as not having a significant economic impact 
on a substantial number of small entities under the Regulatory 
Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.);
    <bullet> Does not contain any unfunded mandate or significantly or 
uniquely affect small governments, as described in the Unfunded 
Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (Pub. L. 104-4);
    <bullet> Does not have federalism implications as specified in 
Executive Order 13132 (64 FR 43255, August 10, 1999);
    <bullet> Is not subject to Executive Order 13045 (62 FR 19885, 
April 23, 1997) because it approves a State program;
    <bullet> Is not a significant regulatory action subject to 
Executive Order 13211 (66 FR 28355, May 22, 2001); and
    <bullet> Is not subject to requirements of section 12(d) of the 
National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995 (15 U.S.C. 272 
note) because application of those requirements would be inconsistent 
with the Clean Air Act.
    In addition, this action is not approved to apply on any Indian 
reservation land or in any other area where the EPA or an Indian Tribe 
has demonstrated that a Tribe has jurisdiction. In those areas of 
Indian country, the rule does not have Tribal implications and will not 
impose substantial direct costs on Tribal Governments or preempt Tribal 
law as specified by Executive Order 13175 (65 FR 67249, November 9, 
2000).

[[Page 10341]]

Consistent with EPA policy, the EPA contacted 24 Tribes located near 
Alaska Class I areas and offered an opportunity to consult on a 
government-to-government basis in letters dated January 31, 2023. We 
received no consultation or coordination requests. The letters may be 
found in the docket for this action.
    This action is subject to the Congressional Review Act, and the EPA 
will submit a rule report to each House of the Congress and to the 
Comptroller General of the United States. This action is not a ``major 
rule'' as defined by 5 U.S.C. 804(2).
    Under section 307(b)(1) of the Clean Air Act, petitions for 
judicial review of this action must be filed in the United States Court 
of Appeals for the appropriate circuit by May 4, 2026. Filing a 
petition for reconsideration by the Administrator of this final rule 
does not affect the finality of this action for the purposes of 
judicial review nor does it extend the time within which a petition for 
judicial review may be filed and shall not postpone the effectiveness 
of such rule or action. This action may not be challenged later in 
proceedings to enforce its requirements. See section 307(b)(2).

List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 52

    Environmental protection, Air pollution control, Carbon monoxide, 
Incorporation by reference, Intergovernmental relations, Lead, Nitrogen 
dioxide, Ozone, Particulate matter, Reporting and recordkeeping 
requirements, Sulfur oxides, Volatile organic compounds.

    Dated: February 17, 2026.
Daniel Opalski,
Acting Regional Administrator, Region 10.

    For the reasons set forth in the preamble, the EPA amends 40 CFR 
part 52 as follows:

PART 52--APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF IMPLEMENTATION PLANS

0
1. The authority citation for part 52 continues to read as follows:

    Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.

Subpart C--Alaska

0
2. Section 52.70 is amended by:
0
a. In table 1 to paragraph (c) by:
0
i. Revising the entry ``18 AAC 50.025''; and
0
ii. Adding under the table heading ``18 AAC 50--Article 2. Program 
Administration'', the entry for ``18 AAC 50.265'' immediately after the 
entry for ``18 AAC 50.260''; and
0
b. In table 5 to paragraph (e) by revising the entries for ``II.III.K. 
Area Wide Pollutant Control Program for Regional Haze'' and 
``III.III.K. Area Wide Pollutant Control Program for Regional Haze''.
    The revisions and additions read as follows:


Sec.  52.70   Identification of plan.

* * * * *
    (c) * * *

                            Table 1 to Paragraph (c)--EPA-Approved Alaska Regulations
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                                                         State
        State citation              Title/subject      effective     EPA approval date         Explanations
                                                          date
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   Alaska Administrative Code Title 18 Environmental Conservation, Chapter 50--Air Quality Control (18 AAC 50)
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                              18 AAC 50--Article 1. Ambient Air Quality Management
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                                                  * * * * * * *
18 AAC 50.025.................  Visibility and other    8/21/2022  3/3/2026, 91 FR
                                 special protection                 [INSERT FEDERAL
                                 areas.                             REGISTER PAGE WHERE
                                                                    THE DOCUMENT
                                                                    BEGINS].
 
                                                  * * * * * * *
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                                  18 AAC 50--Article 2. Program Administration
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                  * * * * * * *
18 AAC 50.265.................  Additional              8/21/2022  3/3/2026, 91 FR
                                 requirements for                   [INSERT FEDERAL
                                 construction or                    REGISTER PAGE WHERE
                                 operation of Title                 THE DOCUMENT
                                 V permitted sources                BEGINS].
                                 and operation of
                                 minor stationary
                                 sources within the
                                 regional haze
                                 special protection
                                 area.
 
                                                  * * * * * * *
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* * * * *
    (e) * * *

[[Page 10342]]



      Table 5 to Paragraph (e)--EPA-Approved Alaska Nonregulatory Provisions and Quasi-Regulatory Measures
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                                  Applicable geographic   State submittal
     Name of SIP provision        or nonattainment area         date        EPA approval date     Explanations
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           State of Alaska Air Quality Control Plan: Volume II. Analysis of Problems, Control Actions
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                  * * * * * * *
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                                 Section III. Areawide Pollutant Control Program
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                                                  * * * * * * *
II.III.K. Area Wide Pollutant    Statewide.............  4/4/2011, 3/10/    2/14/2013, 78 FR   Approvals: first
 Control Program for Regional                             2016, 7/25/2022.   10546; 4/12/       implementation
 Haze.                                                                       2018, 83 FR        period; first
                                                                             15746; 3/3/2026,   progress report;
                                                                             91 FR [INSERT      and second
                                                                             FEDERAL REGISTER   implementation
                                                                             PAGE WHERE THE     period.
                                                                             DOCUMENT BEGINS].
 
                                                  * * * * * * *
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                        State of Alaska Air Quality Control Plan: Volume III. Appendices
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                  * * * * * * *
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                Section III. Area Wide Pollutant Control Program
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
                                                  * * * * * * *
III.III.K. Area Wide Pollutant   Statewide.............  4/4/2011; 7/25/    2/14/2013, 78 FR   Approvals: first
 Control Program for Regional                             2022.              10546; 3/3/2026,   implementation
 Haze.                                                                       91 FR [INSERT      period; and
                                                                             FEDERAL REGISTER   second
                                                                             PAGE WHERE THE     implementation
                                                                             DOCUMENT BEGINS].  period.
 
                                                  * * * * * * *
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[FR Doc. 2026-04159 Filed 3-2-26; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560-50-P


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