Proposed Rule2026-03933
Air Plan Approval; Indiana; Keystone VOC RACT Alternative Control
Primary source
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Published
February 27, 2026
Issuing agencies
Environmental Protection Agency
Abstract
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is proposing to approve revisions to the volatile organic compound (VOC) requirements for Keystone Automotive Industries dba Saturn Wheel (Keystone) of Huntington County, Indiana. Keystone owns and operates an aluminum alloy wheel refurbishing and distribution facility at which it performs cold cleaner degreasing operations and is subject to the VOC rules under article 8 of the Indiana Administrative Code (IAC). On February 26, 2025, the Indiana Department of Environmental Management (IDEM) submitted a Commissioner's Order containing the revised requirements and requested that the EPA approve it as an amendment to the Indiana State Implementation Plan (SIP). IDEM is seeking the EPA approval of an equivalent control device and site specific Reasonably Available Control Technology (RACT) for Keystone's degreasing operations, as provided in IAC article 8.
Full Text
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<title>Federal Register, Volume 91 Issue 39 (Friday, February 27, 2026)</title>
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[Federal Register Volume 91, Number 39 (Friday, February 27, 2026)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 9798-9800]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [<a href="http://www.gpo.gov">www.gpo.gov</a>]
[FR Doc No: 2026-03933]
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
40 CFR Part 52
[EPA-R05-OAR-2025-0092; FRL-13195-01-R5]
Air Plan Approval; Indiana; Keystone VOC RACT Alternative Control
AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
ACTION: Proposed rule.
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SUMMARY: The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is proposing to
approve revisions to the volatile organic compound (VOC) requirements
for Keystone Automotive Industries dba Saturn Wheel (Keystone) of
Huntington County, Indiana. Keystone owns and operates an aluminum
alloy wheel refurbishing and distribution facility at which it performs
cold cleaner degreasing operations and is subject to the VOC rules
under article 8 of the Indiana Administrative Code (IAC). On February
26, 2025, the Indiana Department of Environmental Management (IDEM)
submitted a Commissioner's Order containing the revised requirements
and requested that the EPA approve it as an amendment to the Indiana
State Implementation Plan (SIP). IDEM is seeking the EPA approval of an
equivalent control device and site specific Reasonably Available
Control Technology (RACT) for Keystone's degreasing operations, as
provided in IAC article 8.
DATES: Comments must be received on or before March 30, 2026.
ADDRESSES: Submit your comments, identified by Docket ID No. EPA-R05-
OAR-2025-0092 at <a href="https://www.regulations.gov">https://www.regulations.gov</a> or via email to
<a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#5b373a353c363a3575363238333a3e371b3e2b3a753c342d"><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="127e737c757f737c3c7f7b717a73777e527762733c757d64">[email protected]</span></a>. For comments submitted at <a href="http://Regulations.gov">Regulations.gov</a>,
follow the online instructions for submitting comments. Once submitted,
comments cannot be edited or removed from the docket. The EPA may
publish any comment received to its public docket. Do not submit to the
EPA's docket at <a href="https://www.regulations.gov">https://www.regulations.gov</a> any information you
consider to be Confidential Business Information (CBI), Proprietary
Business Information (PBI), or other information whose disclosure is
restricted by statute. Multimedia submissions (audio, video, etc.) must
be accompanied by a written comment. The written comment is considered
the official comment and should include discussion of all points you
wish to make. The EPA will generally not consider comments or comment
contents located outside of the primary submission (i.e., on the web,
cloud, or
[[Page 9799]]
other file sharing system). For additional submission methods, please
contact the person identified in the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT
section. For the full EPA public comment policy, information about CBI,
PBI, or multimedia submissions, and general guidance on making
effective comments, please visit <a href="https://www.epa.gov/dockets/commenting-epa-dockets">https://www.epa.gov/dockets/commenting-epa-dockets</a>.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Melissa Sheffer, Air and Radiation
Division (AR-18J), Environmental Protection Agency, Region 5, 77 West
Jackson Boulevard, Chicago, Illinois 60604, (312) 353-1027,
<a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#d2a1bab7b4b4b7a0fcbfb7bebba1a1b392b7a2b3fcb5bda4"><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="80f3e8e5e6e6e5f2aeede5ece9f3f3e1c0e5f0e1aee7eff6">[email protected]</span></a>. The EPA Region 5 office is open from 8:30 a.m.
to 4:30 p.m., Monday through Friday, excluding Federal holidays.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Throughout this document whenever ``we,''
``us,'' or ``our'' is used, we mean the EPA.
I. What is EPA proposing to approve?
The EPA is proposing to approve a revision to Indiana's VOC SIP for
Keystone. The company has requested that it be permitted to use an oil
cover as an equivalent control device for its cold cleaner degreaser,
as provided in 326 IAC 8-1-5 and 326 IAC 8-3-2. The oil cover,
Aquastrip Fume Seal, is a layer of mineral oil at least one-inch thick
floating over the cleaning solvent in a dip tank. The solvent is a
mixture of two water miscible compounds, n-Methyl Pyrrolidone (NMP) and
monoethanolamine (MEA). The oil cover controls VOC emissions from the
dip tank by reducing solvent evaporation.
II. What are the changes from the current rule?
Indiana's cold cleaner degreaser control requirements are contained
in 326 IAC 8-3-2. Under 326 IAC 8-3-2(b)(1), degreasers with solvent
that is heated to a temperature of greater than forty-eight and nine-
tenths (48.9) degrees Celsius, or 120 degrees Fahrenheit, are required
to control VOC emissions using one of the following control devices: a
freeboard ratio of 0.75 or greater; a water cover over the solvent when
the solvent used is insoluble in, and heavier than, water; a
refrigerated chiller; carbon adsorption; or VOC emission control
equipment operated in accordance with 326 IAC 8-3-8(b)(3). Per 326 IAC
8-1-5(a), ``[a]n owner or operator of a source may submit a petition .
. . requesting a site-specific Reasonably Available Control Technology
(RACT) plan as an alternative to the requirements in 326 IAC 8.'' In
accordance with 326 IAC 8-1-5(a)(6), the petition must include, among
other things, a demonstration that the alternative control program
constitutes RACT for the petitioned facility, and address the factors
listed in 326 IAC 8-1-5(a)(6). Such alternative systems, however, must
be submitted to and approved by the EPA as a SIP revision as required
by 326 IAC 8-1-5(c).
III. What is the EPA's analysis of the supporting materials?
IDEM supplied the EPA with technical information on the solvents
used by Keystone and the requested oil cover. IDEM also provided
information on why a water cover would not work with the solvents used
and why the freeboard ratio of the tank cannot practically be increased
to the level required by 326 IAC 8-3-2.
The solvents Keystone uses, NMP and MEA, are miscible in water, and
attempts to use a water cover would fail to reduce VOC emissions. The
water would blend with the cleaning solvents and not provide any
barrier against solvent evaporation. To meet the freeboard ratio
requirement of 0.75, Keystone would need to raise the freeboard height
on its dip tank to 108 inches (9 feet). This would require that the
building be altered to accommodate the dip tank's increased height. The
cost of raising the roof or lowering the floor makes this option cost
prohibitive. IDEM also addressed why the use of a refrigerated
condenser and carbon adsorption system, listed as options in 326 IAC 8-
3-2(b), would not be feasible for Keystone due to the capital
expenditures required for the installation, operation, and modification
to the building, as well as increased worker hazards and environmental
impacts from either control system.
In its ''Guide to Cleaner Technologies: Cleaning and Degreasing
Process Changes'' (EPA/625/R-93/017), the EPA suggests the use of an
oil cover for operations using heated NMP. Keystone will use a heated
NMP and MEA solvent blend in its operation. The supplied technical
information shows that NMP and MEA have similar vapor densities. The
oil cover, a layer of mineral oil at least one inch thick, provides a
physical barrier between the cleaning solvents and the atmosphere.
Thus, it is reasonable to expect an oil cover will provide an
equivalent control technique for VOC emissions from an NMP and MEA
solvent blend.
This request constitutes a petition for a site-specific RACT plan
under 326 IAC 8-1-5. Consequently, Keystone was required to demonstrate
to IDEM that the oil cover constitutes RACT for the subject facility,
as well as address the other factors specified in 326 IAC 8-1-5(a).
IDEM provided a demonstration of compliance with Clean Air Act
(CAA) section 110(l), 42 U.S.C. 7410(l), which prohibits SIP revisions
from interfering with attaining air quality standards and reasonable
further progress requirements. IDEM's 110(l) demonstration describes
how the oil cover layer will remain on top of the degreasing solvent
and control emissions of VOCs by reducing solvent evaporation, which
also reduces the heat required for operations as it acts similar to an
insulator. The oil cover is expected to provide equivalent control of
VOC emissions compared to the use of controls required by 326 IAC 8-3-2
and therefore has no adverse impact on air quality. The EPA concurs
with the 110(l) demonstration that this action will not interfere with
air quality standards and reasonable further progress requirements.
IV. What action is the EPA taking?
The EPA is proposing to approve revisions to VOC emissions
regulations for the Keystone aluminum alloy wheel refurbishing and
distribution facility in Huntington County, Indiana. More specifically,
the EPA proposes to approve Commissioner's Order 2025-Air-01 into the
Indiana SIP. The revision provides for the use of an oil cover as an
equivalent VOC emission control system under 326 IAC 8-1-5 and 326 IAC
8-3-2 for its cold cleaner degreaser.
V. Incorporation by Reference
In this rulemaking, EPA is proposing to include in a final EPA rule
regulatory text that includes incorporation by reference. In accordance
with requirements of 1 CFR 51.5, the EPA is proposing to incorporate by
reference Indiana Commissioner's Order 2025-Air-01, signed February 19,
2025, discussed in section IV of this preamble. The EPA has made, and
will continue to make, these documents generally available through
<a href="http://www.regulations.gov">www.regulations.gov</a> and at the EPA Region 5 Office (please contact the
person identified in the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section of
this preamble for more information).
VI. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews
Under the CAA, the Administrator is required to approve a SIP
submission that complies with the provisions of the CAA and applicable
Federal regulations. 42 U.S.C. 7410(k); 40 CFR 52.02(a).
[[Page 9800]]
Thus, in reviewing SIP submissions, the EPA's role is to approve State
choices, provided that they meet the criteria of the CAA. Accordingly,
this action merely approves State law as meeting Federal requirements
and does not impose additional requirements beyond those imposed by
State law. For that reason, this action:
<bullet> Is not a significant regulatory action subject to review
by the Office of Management and Budget under Executive Order 12866 (58
FR 51735, October 4, 1993);
<bullet> Is not subject to Executive Order 14192 (90 FR 9065,
February 6, 2025) because SIP actions are exempt from review under
Executive Order 12866;
<bullet> Does not impose an information collection burden under the
provisions of the Paperwork Reduction Act (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.);
<bullet> Is certified as not having a significant economic impact
on a substantial number of small entities under the Regulatory
Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.);
<bullet> Does not contain any unfunded mandate or significantly or
uniquely affect small governments, as described in the Unfunded
Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (Pub. L. 104-4);
<bullet> Does not have federalism implications as specified in
Executive Order 13132 (64 FR 43255, August 10, 1999);
<bullet> Is not subject to Executive Order 13045 (62 FR 19885,
April 23, 1997) because it approves a State program;
<bullet> Is not a significant regulatory action subject to
Executive Order 13211 (66 FR 28355, May 22, 2001); and
<bullet> Is not subject to requirements of section 12(d) of the
National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995 (15 U.S.C. 272
note) because application of those requirements would be inconsistent
with the CAA.
In addition, the SIP is not approved to apply on any Indian
reservation land or in any other area where the EPA or an Indian Tribe
has demonstrated that a Tribe has jurisdiction. In those areas of
Indian country, the rulemaking does not have Tribal implications and
will not impose substantial direct costs on Tribal governments or
preempt Tribal law as specified by Executive Order 13175 (65 FR 67249,
November 9, 2000).
List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 52
Environmental protection, Air pollution control, Incorporation by
reference, Intergovernmental relations, Ozone, Volatile organic
compounds.
Dated: February 17, 2026.
Anne Vogel,
Regional Administrator, Region 5.
[FR Doc. 2026-03933 Filed 2-26-26; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560-50-P
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</html>Indexed from Federal Register on February 27, 2026.
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