Proposed Rule2025-22825

Updating Regulation References To Reflect Reorganizations at the Department of Justice and the Internal Revenue Service

Primary source

Metadata and text below are from the Federal Register, a public-domain U.S. government work. Always verify the official published version before relying on it for any legal matter.

Published
December 15, 2025

Issuing agencies

Treasury DepartmentInternal Revenue ServiceAlcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau

Abstract

This document contains proposed regulations that would update points of contact within the Department of Justice and the IRS. The proposed regulations are necessary to reflect a reorganization within the Department of Justice to identify new points of contact for matters involving the internal revenue laws. The proposed regulations would also update points of contact at the IRS for administrative claim submissions from taxpayers seeking civil damages for certain unauthorized collection actions or awards of administrative costs with respect to certain administrative proceedings.

Full Text

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<title>Federal Register, Volume 90 Issue 238 (Monday, December 15, 2025)</title>
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[Federal Register Volume 90, Number 238 (Monday, December 15, 2025)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 57937-57941]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [<a href="http://www.gpo.gov">www.gpo.gov</a>]
[FR Doc No: 2025-22825]


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DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY

Internal Revenue Service

26 CFR Part 301

Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau

27 CFR Part 70

[REG-110519-25]
RIN 1545-BR65


Updating Regulation References To Reflect Reorganizations at the 
Department of Justice and the Internal Revenue Service

AGENCY: Internal Revenue Service (IRS), Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and 
Trade Bureau (TTB), Treasury.

ACTION: Notice of proposed rulemaking.

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SUMMARY: This document contains proposed regulations that would update 
points of contact within the Department of Justice and the IRS. The 
proposed regulations are necessary to reflect a reorganization within 
the Department of Justice to identify new points of contact for matters 
involving the internal revenue laws. The proposed regulations would 
also update points of contact at the IRS for administrative claim 
submissions from taxpayers seeking civil damages for certain 
unauthorized collection actions or awards of administrative costs with 
respect to certain administrative proceedings.

DATES: Written or electronic comments and requests for a public hearing 
must be received by January 14, 2026.

ADDRESSES: Commenters are strongly encouraged to submit public comments 
electronically via the Federal eRulemaking Portal at https://

[[Page 57938]]

www.regulations.gov (indicate IRS and REG-110519-25) by following the 
online instructions for submitting comments. Requests for a public 
hearing must be submitted as prescribed in the ``Comments and Requests 
for a Public Hearing'' section. Once submitted to the Federal 
eRulemaking Portal, comments cannot be edited or withdrawn. The 
Department of the Treasury (Treasury Department) and the IRS will 
publish for public availability any comments submitted to the IRS's 
public docket. Send paper submissions to: CC:PA:01:PR (REG-110519-25), 
Room 5503, Internal Revenue Service, P.O. Box 7604, Ben Franklin 
Station, Washington, DC 20044.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Concerning the proposed regulations, 
Shikha K. Patel at (202) 317-6306; concerning submissions of comments 
or a public hearing, the Publications and Regulations Section at (202) 
317-6091 (not toll-free numbers) or by email at <a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection" class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="5c2c293e30353f34393d2e35323b2f1c352e2f723b332a">[email&#160;protected]</a> 
(preferred).

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

Authority

    This document contains proposed amendments to the Procedure and 
Administration Regulations (26 CFR part 301) under sections 6103, 6402, 
7430, and 7433 of the Internal Revenue Code (Code) previously issued 
under sections 6103(q) and 7805(a) of the Code. This document also 
contains a proposed amendment to the Procedure and Administration 
Regulations (27 CFR part 70), which governs taxpayer claims for credit 
or refund to the Alcohol and Tobacco and Trade Bureau (TTB) for certain 
excise taxes assessed under the Code. Section 6103(q) authorizes the 
Secretary of the Treasury or the Secretary's delegate (Secretary) ``to 
prescribe such other regulations as necessary to carry out the 
provisions of [section 6103].'' Section 7805(a) of the Code authorizes 
the Secretary to ``prescribe all needful rules and regulations for the 
enforcement of [the Code], including all rules and regulations as may 
be necessary by reason of any alteration of law to internal revenue.''

Background

I. Changes in References to Department of Justice Organization

    Civil and criminal litigation relating to the Internal Revenue laws 
has historically been handled or authorized by the Tax Division of the 
Department of Justice. The Treasury Department, IRS, and the TTB have 
been made aware that the Department of Justice has modified its 
organizational structure to divide the responsibilities of the Tax 
Division between the Civil Division and Criminal Division of the 
Department of Justice. References to the Tax Division appear in 26 CFR 
301.6103(h)(2)-1 and 301.6402-2, and 27 CFR 70.123.
    Section 301.6103(h)(2)-1 of Title 26 of the Code of Federal 
Regulations (Title 26) regulates the requirements and grounds for 
disclosures of returns and return information to and by officers and 
employees of the Department of Justice in Federal grand jury 
proceedings involving tax administration, including preparation for and 
investigation of those proceedings. These regulations provide that, 
pursuant to section 6103(h)(2), such disclosures must be duly 
authorized by or on behalf of the Assistant Attorney General for the 
Tax Division of the Department of Justice.
    Section 301.6402-2 of Title 26 regulates the requirements, grounds, 
and form for a taxpayer to file a claim for credit or refund as well as 
methods of refund. In the event that the refund is based on a claim 
that has been reduced to judgement, or settled in or as a result of 
litigation, 26 CFR 301.6402-2 provides that the check is to be mailed 
to the Department of Justice, Tax Division, which will then deliver the 
check to the taxpayer or the counsel of record.
    Section 70.123 of Title 27 sets forth the requirements, grounds, 
and form for filing claims for credits or refunds, as well as methods 
of refunds. It provides that checks in payment of claims which have 
been reduced to judgment or settled in the course or as a result of 
litigation, will be drawn in the name of the person or persons entitled 
to the money and will be sent to the Assistant Attorney General, Tax 
Division, Department of Justice, for delivery to the taxpayer or the 
counsel of record in the court proceeding.

II. Changes in the Processing of Certain Claims at the IRS

    Section 7433 provides for civil damages for certain unauthorized 
collection actions and was enacted as part of the Technical and 
Miscellaneous Revenue Act of 1988, Public Law 100-647, 102 Stat. 3746 
(November 10, 1988). The Internal Revenue Service Restructuring and 
Reform Act of 1998 (RRA 98), Public Law 105-206, 112 Stat. 685 (July 
22, 1998), mandated fundamental reorganization of the IRS. 
Additionally, the RRA 98 amended section 7433(e) to require an 
exhaustion of administrative remedies. On March 25, 2003, the Treasury 
Department and the IRS published final regulations (TD 9050) in the 
Federal Register (68 FR 14316) under section 7433 that require, for 
collection actions that do not relate to section 362 or section 524 of 
title 11, United States Code (Bankruptcy Code), an administrative claim 
to first be sent in writing to the ``Area Director, Attn: Compliance 
Technical Support Manager'' of the area in which the taxpayer currently 
resides in order to exhaust administrative remedies. In contrast, for 
collection actions related to violations of section 362 or section 524 
of the Bankruptcy Code, an administrative claim must first be sent to 
the ``Chief, Local Insolvency Unit,'' for the judicial district in 
which the bankruptcy petition that is the basis for the asserted 
automatic stay or discharge violation was filed.
    As part of that reorganization mandated by the RRA 98, the IRS 
shifted from a geographically focused organizational system to one that 
focuses on specific categories of taxpayers with similar needs. Since 
the regulations were published in 2003, there have been numerous 
changes to which IRS offices are responsible for the processing of 
these claims. The Internal Revenue Manual (IRM) 1.4.51.2 (June 25, 
2025) sets forth the role of processing such claims to the Field 
Insolvency Manager and the Centralized Insolvency Operation Manager. 
The Insolvency function is now comprised of two operations, Field 
Insolvency (FI) and the Centralized Insolvency Operation (CIO). These 
two operations work together to provide customer service while 
addressing employee satisfaction in delivering improved business 
results. Pursuant to IRM 1.4.51.2.5 (2) and (3) (February 12, 2020), 
the CIO provides initial clerical processing and sends complex issues 
to FI to work. Addressing administrative claims for damages to the CIO 
ensures the efficient routing of these claims to the FI office best 
suited to address those claims. References to Compliance Technical 
Support appear in 26 CFR 301.7433-1. References to Local Insolvency 
Units appear in 26 CFR 301.7430-1, 301.7430-2, and 301.7433-2.
    Section 301.7430-1(e) of Title 26 defines the manner in which a 
party seeking damages for actions involving willful violations of the 
automatic stay under section 362 of the Bankruptcy Code or the 
discharge provisions under section 524 of the Bankruptcy Code can meet 
the exhaustion of administrative remedies requirement of section 
7433(d)(1). It provides that a party must file an administrative claim 
for damages or for relief from a violation of section 362 or section 
524 of the Bankruptcy Code with the Chief, Local Insolvency

[[Page 57939]]

Unit, for the judicial district in which the bankruptcy petition that 
is the basis for the asserted automatic stay or discharge violation was 
filed. It also refers to actions for damages for willful violation of 
the automatic stay as section 362(h) claims. The Bankruptcy Abuse 
Prevention and Consumer Protection Act of 2005 (BAPCPA), Public Law 
109-8, 119 Stat. 23 (April 20, 2005) recodified section 362(h) of the 
Bankruptcy Code in its entirety at section 362(k)(1) of the Bankruptcy 
Code.
    Section 301.7430-2(c) of Title 26 describes the procedures that a 
party must follow to recover reasonable administrative costs regarding 
administrative proceedings within the IRS. It provides that 
administrative claims with respect to requests for administrative costs 
incurred in damage actions for violations of section 362 or section 524 
of the Bankruptcy Code should be made to the Chief, Local Insolvency 
Unit.
    Section 301.7433-1(e) of Title 26 describes the procedures that a 
party must follow to file an administrative claim for damages for 
unauthorized collection actions to fulfill the exhaustion of 
administrative remedies requirement of section 7433(d)(1). 
Specifically, an administrative claim for damages shall be sent to the 
Area Director, Attn: Compliance Technical Support Manager, of the area 
in which the taxpayer currently resides.
    Section 301.7433-2(a) of Title 26 describes the civil cause of 
action for violation of section 362 or section 524 of the Bankruptcy 
Code. Section 301.7433-2(a)(2) of Title 26 clarifies that while section 
7433 constitutes the exclusive remedy under the Code for violations of 
section 362 or section 524 of the Bankruptcy Code, such exclusivity 
does not preclude a cause of action under the Bankruptcy Code relating 
to willful violations of the stay formerly codified at section 362(h). 
The BAPCPA recodified this cause of action under section 362(k) of the 
Bankruptcy Code. Section 301.7433-2(e) of Title 26 describes the 
procedures that a party must follow to file an administrative claim for 
damages for violations of section 362 or section 524 of the Bankruptcy 
Code to fulfill the exhaustion of administrative remedies requirement 
of section 7433(d)(1). It provides that an administrative claim for 
damages shall be sent to the Chief, Local Insolvency Unit, for the 
judicial district in which the taxpayer filed the underlying bankruptcy 
case giving rise to the alleged violation.

Explanation of Provisions

    These proposed regulations would amend 26 CFR 301.6402-2, 
301.6103(h)(2)-1, and 27 CFR 70.123 by updating references to the 
``Assistant Attorney General for the Tax Division of the Department of 
Justice'' to reflect the Assistant Attorneys General who will supervise 
civil and criminal tax functions after the reorganization of the 
Department of Justice. Specifically, references in 26 CFR 301.6402-2 
and 27 CFR 70.123, which relate to civil matters, would be amended to 
read ``Assistant Attorney General for the Civil Division of the 
Department of Justice.'' References in 26 CFR 301.6103(h)(2)-1, which 
relate to criminal matters, would be amended to read ``Assistant 
Attorney General for the Criminal Division of the Department of 
Justice.'' Amending these regulations to reflect the correct point of 
contact at the Department of Justice will ensure that communications 
are sent to the appropriate Assistant Attorney General with supervisory 
authority over the appropriate civil or criminal tax function.
    Additionally, these proposed regulations would amend 26 CFR 
301.7433-1(e)(1) by updating references to ``Area Director, Attn: 
Compliance Technical Support Manager'' to reflect that those matters 
are currently handled by Collection Advisory Groups. These proposed 
regulations would amend 26 CFR 301.7430-1(e), 301.7430-2(c)(2), and 
301.7433-2(e)(1) by updating references to ``Chief, Local Insolvency 
Unit'' to reflect the shift to the Centralized Insolvency Operation. 
Specifically, the reference in 26 CFR 301.7433-1(e)(1) to ``Area 
Director, Attn: Compliance Technical Support Manager'' would be amended 
to read ``Collection Advisory Group of the area in which the taxpayer 
currently resides.'' The references in 26 CFR 301.7430-1(e)(1), 
301.7430-1(e)(2), 301.7430-2(c)(2), and 301.7433-2(e)(1) to ``Chief, 
Local Insolvency Unit'' would be amended to read ``Centralized 
Insolvency Operation.'' Amending these regulations to reflect the 
current points of contact within the IRS Collection function will 
ensure that claim submissions are sent to the appropriate Collection 
contact.
    Finally, these proposed regulations would update references to 
actions under Bankruptcy Code section 362(h) in 26 CFR 301.7430-1(e)(2) 
and 301.7433-2(a)(2) to reflect the revision to the Bankruptcy Code 
under the BAPCPA. Amending these regulations to reflect the current 
version of the Bankruptcy Code would decrease confusion around 
application of that title.

Proposed Effective Date

    The changes to the organizational structure of the Department of 
Justice and the IRS are already in effect. It would be unnecessary and 
contrary to the public interest for the regulations to continue to 
reference Department of Justice divisions and IRS business units that 
have been reorganized as points of contact. To ensure that 
communications are sent to the appropriate Assistant Attorney General 
with supervisory authority over the appropriate civil or criminal tax 
function at the Department of Justice for matters involving the 
internal revenue laws and that administrative claims submitted from 
taxpayers seeking civil damages for certain unauthorized collection 
actions or awards of administrative costs with respect to certain 
administrative proceedings are sent to the appropriate IRS collection 
contact, the Treasury Department, the IRS, and TTB find that there is 
good cause to dispense with a delayed effective date pursuant to 5 
U.S.C. 553(d)(3). The regulations under 26 CFR part 301, as proposed, 
and 27 CFR part 70, as proposed, would be effective as of the date of 
publication of a Treasury decision adopting these proposed rules with 
any necessary modifications as final in the Federal Register.

Proposed Applicability Date

    For proposed applicability dates see 26 CFR 301.6402-2(h), 
301.6103(h)(2)-1(c), 301.7430-1(h), 301.7430-2(f), 301.7433-1(i); and 
301.7433-2(i).

Special Analyses

I. Regulatory Planning and Review

    These proposed regulations are not subject to review under section 
6(b) of Executive Order 12866 pursuant to the Memorandum of Agreement 
(July 4, 2025) between the Treasury Department and the Office of 
Management and Budget regarding review of tax regulations.

II. Regulatory Flexibility Act

    The Secretary of the Treasury hereby certifies that these proposed 
regulations would not have a significant economic impact on a 
substantial number of small entities pursuant to the Regulatory 
Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. chapter 6). The proposed regulations would 
provide updated points of contact within the Department of Justice and 
the IRS, and would not impose any new requirements or obligations upon 
small entities. Accordingly, a regulatory

[[Page 57940]]

flexibility analysis under the Regulatory Flexibility Act is not 
required.

III. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act

    Section 202 of the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (UMRA) 
requires that agencies assess anticipated costs and benefits and take 
certain other actions before issuing a final rule that includes any 
Federal mandate that may result in expenditures in any one year by a 
State, local, or Tribal government, in the aggregate, or by the private 
sector, of $100 million in 1995 dollars, updated annually for 
inflation. These proposed regulations do not include any Federal 
mandate that may result in expenditures by State, local, or Tribal 
governments, or by the private sector in excess of that threshold.

IV. Executive Order 13132: Federalism

    Executive Order 13132 (Federalism) prohibits an agency from 
publishing any rule that has federalism implications if the rule either 
imposes substantial, direct compliance costs on State and local 
governments, and is not required by statute, or preempts State law, 
unless the agency meets the consultation and funding requirements of 
section 6 of the Executive order. These proposed regulations do not 
have federalism implications and do not impose substantial direct 
compliance costs on State and local governments or preempt State law 
within the meaning of the Executive order.

V. Small Business Administration

    Pursuant to section 7805(f) of the Code, this notice of proposed 
rulemaking will be submitted to the Chief Counsel for the Office of 
Advocacy of the Small Business Administration for comment on its impact 
on small business.

Comments and Request for a Public Hearing

    Before these proposed regulations are adopted as final regulations, 
consideration will be given to any comments that are timely submitted 
to the IRS as prescribed in this preamble under the ADDRESSES heading. 
The Treasury Department, the IRS, and TTB request comments on all 
aspects of the proposed regulations. Any comments submitted will be 
available at <a href="https://www.regulations.gov">https://www.regulations.gov</a> or upon request. A public 
hearing will be scheduled if requested in writing by any person who 
timely submits electronic or written comments. Requests for a public 
hearing are also encouraged to be made electronically. If a public 
hearing is scheduled, notice of the date and time for the public 
hearing will be published in the Federal Register.

Drafting Information

    The principal author of these regulations is Shikha K. Patel of the 
Office of Associate Chief Counsel (Procedure and Administration). 
However, other personnel from the Treasury Department participated in 
the development of the regulations.

Lists of Subjects

26 CFR Part 301

    Employment taxes, Estate taxes, Excise taxes, Gift taxes, Income 
taxes, Penalties, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements.

27 CFR Part 70

    Administrative practice and procedure, Claims, Excise taxes, 
Freedom of information, Penalties, Reporting and recordkeeping 
requirements, Surety bonds.

Proposed Amendments to the Regulations

    Accordingly, the IRS proposes to amend 26 CFR part 301 and the 
Treasury Department proposes to amend 27 CFR part 70 as follows:

PART 301--PROCEDURE AND ADMINISTRATION

0
Paragraph 1. The authority citation for 26 CFR part 301 continues to 
read, in part, as follows:

    Authority: 26 U.S.C. 7805.

0
Par. 2. Section 301.6402-2 is amended by revising paragraphs (f)(2) and 
(h) to read as follows:


Sec.  301.6402-2  Claims for credit or refund.

* * * * *
    (f) * * *
    (2) Checks in payment of claims which have either been reduced to 
judgment or settled in the course or as a result of litigation will be 
drawn in the name of the person or persons entitled to the money and 
will be sent to the Assistant Attorney General for the Civil Division 
of the Department of Justice, or such person's designee, for delivery 
to the taxpayer or the counsel of record in the court proceeding.
* * * * *
    (h) Applicability dates. This section applies on or after December 
15, 2025. For periods before December 15, 2025, see this section as in 
effect and contained in 26 CFR part 301, revised as of April 1, 2025.
0
Par. 3. Section 301.6103(h)(2)-1 is amended by revising paragraph 
(a)(2)(ii) and adding paragraph (c) to read as follows:


Sec.  301.6103(h)(2)-1  Disclosure of returns and return information 
(including taxpayer return information) to and by officers and 
employees of the Department of Justice for use in Federal grand jury 
proceeding, or in preparation for proceeding or investigation, 
involving tax administration.

    (a) * * *
    (2) * * *
    (ii) In connection with any Federal grand jury proceeding, or 
preparation for any proceeding (or with an investigation which may 
result in such a proceeding), described in paragraph (a)(1) of this 
section which also involves enforcement of a specific Federal criminal 
statute other than one described in paragraph (a)(1) of this section to 
which the United States is or may be a party, provided such matter 
involves or arises out of the particular facts and circumstances giving 
rise to the proceeding (or investigation) described in paragraph (a)(1) 
of this section and further provided the tax portion of such proceeding 
(or investigation) has been duly authorized by or on behalf of the 
Assistant Attorney General for the Criminal Division of the Department 
of Justice, pursuant to the request of the Secretary, as a proceeding 
(or investigation) described in paragraph (a)(1) of this section. If, 
in the course of a Federal grand jury proceeding, or preparation for a 
proceeding (or the conduct of an investigation which may result in such 
a proceeding), described in this paragraph (a)(2)(ii), the tax 
administration portion thereof is terminated for any reason, any 
further use or disclosure of such returns or taxpayer return 
information in such Federal grand jury proceeding, or preparation or 
investigation, with respect to the remaining portion may be made only 
pursuant to, and upon the grant of, a court order as provided by 
section 6103(i)(1)(A), provided, however, that the returns and taxpayer 
return information may in any event be used for purposes of obtaining 
the necessary court order.
* * * * *
    (c) Applicability date. This section applies on or after December 
15, 2025. For periods before December 15, 2025, see this section as in 
effect and contained in 26 CFR part 301, revised as of April 1, 2025.
0
Par. 4. Section 301.7430-1 is amended by revising paragraphs (e) and 
(h) to read as follows:


Sec.  301.7430-1  Exhaustion of administrative remedies.

* * * * *
    (e) * * * (1) Section 7433 claims. A party has not exhausted 
administrative remedies within the Internal Revenue

[[Page 57941]]

Service with respect to asserted violations of the automatic stay under 
section 362 of title 11, United States Code (Bankruptcy Code) or the 
provisions under section 524 of the Bankruptcy Code unless it files an 
administrative claim for damages or for relief from a violation of 
section 362 or section 524 of the Bankruptcy Code with the Centralized 
Insolvency Operation or successor function and satisfies the other 
conditions set forth in Sec.  301.7433-2(d) prior to filing a petition 
under section 7433.
    (2) Section 362(k) claims. A party has not exhausted administrative 
remedies within the Internal Revenue Service with respect to asserted 
violations of the automatic stay under section 362 of the Bankruptcy 
Code unless it files an administrative claim for relief from a 
violation of section 362 of the Bankruptcy Code with the Centralized 
Insolvency Operation pursuant to Sec.  301.7433-2(e) and satisfies the 
other conditions set forth in Sec.  301.7433-2(d) prior to filing a 
petition under section 362(k) (formerly 362(h)) of the Bankruptcy Code.
* * * * *
    (h) Applicability date. This section applies to court proceedings 
described in section 7430 filed in a court of the United States 
(including the Tax Court and the Court of Federal Claims) after 
December 15, 2025. For such court proceedings on or before December 15, 
2025, see this section as in effect and contained in 26 CFR part 301, 
revised as of April 1, 2025.
0
Par. 5. Section 301.7430-2 is amended by revising paragraph (c)(2) and 
adding paragraph (f) to read as follows:


Sec.  301.7430-2  Requirements and procedures for recovery of 
reasonable administrative costs.

* * * * *
    (c) * * *
    (2) Where request must be filed. A request required by paragraph 
(c)(1) of this section must be filed with the Internal Revenue Service 
personnel who have jurisdiction over the tax matter underlying the 
claim for costs, except that requests with respect to administrative 
proceedings defined by Sec.  301.7430-8(c) should be made to the 
Centralized Insolvency Operation. However, if those persons are unknown 
to the taxpayer making the request, the taxpayer may send the request 
to the Internal Revenue Service office that considered the underlying 
matter.
* * * * *
    (f) Applicability date. This section applies on or after December 
15, 2025. For periods before December 15, 2025, see this section as in 
effect and contained in 26 CFR part 301, revised as of April 1, 2025.
0
Par. 6. Section 301.7433-1 is amended by revising paragraphs (e)(1) and 
(i) to read as follows.


Sec.  301.7433-1  Civil cause of action for certain unauthorized 
collection actions.

* * * * *
    (e) * * *
    (1) Manner. An administrative claim for the lesser of $1,000,000 
($100,000 in the case of negligence) or actual, direct economic damages 
as defined in paragraph (b) of this section shall be sent in writing to 
the Collection Advisory Group of the area in which the taxpayer 
currently resides.
* * * * *
    (i) Applicability dates. This section applies on or after December 
15, 2025. For periods before December 15, 2025, see this section as in 
effect and contained in 26 CFR part 301, revised as of April 1, 2025.
0
Par. 7. Section 301.7433-2 is amended by revising paragraphs (a)(2), 
(e)(1), and (i) to read as follows.


Sec.  301.7433-2  Civil cause of action for violation of section 362 or 
524 of the Bankruptcy Code.

    (a) * * *
    (2) An action under this section constitutes the exclusive remedy 
under the Internal Revenue Code for violations of sections 362 and 524 
of title 11, United States Code (Bankruptcy Code). In addition, 
taxpayers injured by violations of section 362 of the Bankruptcy Code 
may maintain actions under section 362(k) (formerly section 362(h)) of 
the Bankruptcy Code (relating to an individual injured by a willful 
violation of the stay). However, any administrative or litigation costs 
in connection with an action under section 362(k) (formerly section 
362(h)) may be awarded, if at all, only under section 7430 of the 
Internal Revenue Code.
* * * * *
    (e) * * * (1) Manner. An administrative claim for the lesser of 
$1,000,000 or actual, direct economic damages as defined in paragraph 
(b) of this section shall be sent in writing to the Centralized 
Insolvency Operation.
* * * * *
    (i) Applicability date. This section is applicable to actions taken 
by Internal Revenue Service officials after December 15, 2025. For 
actions taken by Internal Revenue Service officials on or before 
December 15, 2025, see this section as in effect and contained in 26 
CFR part 301, revised as of April 1, 2025.

PART 70--PROCEDURE AND ADMINISTRATION

0
Par. 8. The authority citation for 27 CFR part 70 continues to read in 
part as follows:

    Authority: 5 U.S.C. 301 and 552; 26 U.S.C. 4181, 4182, 5123, 
5203, 5207, 5275, 5367, 5415, 5504, 5555, 5684(a), 5741, 5761(b), 
5802, 6020, 6021, 6064, 6102, 6109, 6155, 6159, 6201, 6203, 6204, 
6301, 6303, 6311, 6313, 6314, 6321, 6323, 6325, 6326, 6331-6343, 
6401-6404, 6407, 6416, 6423, 6501-6503, 6511, 6513, 6514, 6532, 
6601, 6602, 6611, 6621, 6622, 6651, 6653, 6656-6658, 6665, 6671, 
6672, 6701, 6723, 6801, 6862, 6863, 6901, 7011, 7101, 7102, 7121, 
7122, 7207, 7209, 7214, 7304, 7401, 7403, 7406, 7423, 7424, 7425, 
7426, 7429, 7430, 7432, 7502, 7503, 7505, 7506, 7513, 7601-7606, 
7608-7610, 7622, 7623, 7653, 7805.

0
Par. 9. Section 70.123 is amended by revising paragraph (e)(2) to read 
as follows:


Sec.  70.123  Claims for credit or refund.

* * * * *
    (e) * * *
    (2) Checks in payment of claims which have either been reduced to 
judgment or settled in the course or as a result of litigation will be 
drawn in the name of the person or persons entitled to the money and 
will be sent to the Assistant Attorney General for the Civil Division 
of the Department of Justice, or such person's designee, for delivery 
to the taxpayer or the counsel of record in the court proceeding.

Frank J. Bisignano,
Chief Executive Officer.
    Approved: October 14, 2025
Kenneth J. Kies,
Assistant Secretary of the Treasury (Tax Policy).
[FR Doc. 2025-22825 Filed 12-12-25; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4831-GV-P


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