Notice2025-20505

Arms Sales Notification

Primary source

Metadata and text below are from the Federal Register, a public-domain U.S. government work. Always verify the official published version before relying on it for any legal matter.

Published
November 21, 2025

Issuing agencies

Defense Department

Abstract

The DoD is publishing the unclassified text of an arms sales notification.

Full Text

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<title>Federal Register, Volume 90 Issue 223 (Friday, November 21, 2025)</title>
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[Federal Register Volume 90, Number 223 (Friday, November 21, 2025)]
[Notices]
[Pages 52630-52633]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [<a href="http://www.gpo.gov">www.gpo.gov</a>]
[FR Doc No: 2025-20505]


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DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE

Office of the Secretary

[Transmittal No. 24-94]


Arms Sales Notification

AGENCY: Defense Security Cooperation Agency, Department of Defense 
(DoD).

ACTION: Arms sales notice.

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SUMMARY: The DoD is publishing the unclassified text of an arms sales 
notification.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Urooj Zahra at (703) 695-6233, 
<a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#295c5b464643075348415b48074a405f694448404507444045"><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="84f1f6ebebeeaafee5ecf6e5aae7edf2c4e9e5ede8aae9ede8">[email&#160;protected]</span></a>, or <a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#ceaabdadafe0a0adbce0bcbdbcada3a9a3bae0a2a7bdbae0ada0bde3a3acb68ea3afa7a2e0a3a7a2"><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="98fcebfbf9b6f6fbeab6eaebeafbf5fff5ecb6f4f1ebecb6fbf6ebb5f5fae0d8f5f9f1f4b6f5f1f4">[email&#160;protected]</span></a>.

[[Page 52631]]


SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: This 36(b)(1) arms sales notification is 
published to fulfill the requirements of section 155 of Public Law 104-
164 dated July 21, 1996. The following is a copy of a letter to the 
Speaker of the House of Representatives with attached Transmittal 24-
94, Policy Justification, and Sensitivity of Technology.

    Dated: November 18, 2025.
Stephanie J. Bost,
Alternate OSD Federal Register Liaison Officer, Department of Defense.
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TN21NO25.005

Transmittal No. 24-94
Notice of Proposed Issuance of Letter of Offer Pursuant to Section 
36(b)(1) of the Arms Export Control Act, as amended
    (i) Prospective Purchaser: Government of Romania
    (ii) Total Estimated Value:

Major Defense Equipment*.................  $4.1 billion
Other....................................  $3.1 billion
                                          ------------------------------
  TOTAL..................................  $7.2 billion
 

    Funding Source: National Funds
    (iii) Description and Quantity or Quantities of Articles or 
Services under Consideration for Purchase:

Major Defense Equipment (MDE):
    Thirty-two (32) F-35A Lightning II Joint Strike Fighter 
Conventional Take Off and Landing (CTOL) Aircraft
    Thirty-three (33) Pratt & Whitney F135-PW-100 engines (32 
installed, 1 spare)

Non-Major Defense Equipment:
    The following non-MDE items will also be included: AN/PYQ-10 Simple 
Key Loaders (SKL); Identification Friend or Foe (IFF) equipment, secure 
communications, precision navigation, and cryptographic equipment; 
Cartridge Actuated Devices/Propellant Actuated Devices (CAD/PAD); 
multi-purpose missile equipment; ammunition and weapons components; 
aircraft and munitions support and support equipment; integration and 
test support and equipment; spare and repair parts, consumables and 
accessories, and repair and return support; training aids and devices, 
and spare parts; major and minor modifications, maintenance, and 
maintenance support; integrated computer system; electronic warfare 
data and Reprogramming Lab support; Electronic Combat International 
Security Assistance Program (ECISAP) software support; aircraft engine 
Component Improvement Program (CIP) support; classified and 
unclassified software and

[[Page 52632]]

software development, delivery, and integration support; classified and 
unclassified publications and technical documentation; classified and 
unclassified personnel training, and training gear and equipment; 
transportation, ferry, and refueling support; facilities and 
construction support; studies and surveys; Contractor Logistics Support 
(CLS); United States (U.S.) Government and contractor engineering, 
technical, and logistics support services; and other related elements 
of logistics and program support.

    (iv) Military Department: Air Force (RO-D-SAG)
    (v) Prior Related Cases, if any: None
    (vi) Sales Commission, Fee, etc., Paid, Offered, or Agreed to be 
Paid: None known at this time
    (vii) Sensitivity of Technology Contained in the Defense Article or 
Defense Services Proposed to be Sold: See Attached Annex
    (viii) Date Report Delivered to Congress: September 13, 2024
    * as defined in Section 47(6) of the Arms Export Control Act.

POLICY JUSTIFICATION

Romania--F-35 Aircraft

    The Government of Romania has requested to buy thirty-two (32) F-
35A Lightning II Joint Strike Fighter Conventional Take Off and Landing 
(CTOL) aircraft; and thirty-three (33) Pratt & Whitney F135-PW-100 
engines (32 installed, 1 spare). The following non-MDE items will also 
be included: AN/PYQ-10 Simple Key Loaders (SKL); Identification Friend 
or Foe (IFF) equipment, secure communications, precision navigation, 
and cryptographic equipment; Cartridge Actuated Devices/Propellant 
Actuated Devices (CAD/PAD); multi-purpose missile equipment; ammunition 
and weapons components; aircraft and munitions support and support 
equipment; integration and test support and equipment; spare and repair 
parts, consumables and accessories, and repair and return support; 
training aids and devices, and spare parts; major and minor 
modifications, maintenance, and maintenance support; integrated 
computer system; electronic warfare data and Reprogramming Lab support; 
Electronic Combat International Security Assistance Program (ECISAP) 
software support; aircraft engine Component Improvement Program (CIP) 
support; classified and unclassified software and software development, 
delivery, and integration support; classified and unclassified 
publications and technical documentation; classified and unclassified 
personnel training, and training gear and equipment; transportation, 
ferry, and refueling support; facilities and construction support; 
studies and surveys; Contractor Logistics Support (CLS); U.S. 
Government and contractor engineering, technical, and logistics support 
services; and other related elements of logistics and program support. 
The estimated total cost is $7.2 billion.
    This proposed sale will support the foreign policy goals and 
national security objectives of the U.S. by improving the security of a 
NATO Ally that is an important force for political and economic 
stability in Europe.
    The proposed sale will improve Romania's capability to meet current 
and future threats by further equipping it to conduct self-defense and 
regional security missions while enhancing interoperability with the 
U.S. and other NATO members. Romania will have no difficulty absorbing 
these articles and services into its armed forces.
    The proposed sale of this equipment and support will not alter the 
basic military balance in the region.
    The principal contractor will be Lockheed Martin Aeronautics 
Company, located in Fort Worth, TX. The purchaser typically requests 
offsets. Any offset agreement will be defined in negotiations between 
the purchaser and the contractor.
    Implementation of this proposed sale will not require the 
assignment of any additional U.S. Government or contractor 
representatives to Romania.
    There will be no adverse impact on U.S. defense readiness as a 
result of this proposed sale.
Transmittal No. 24-94
Notice of Proposed Issuance of Letter of Offer Pursuant to Section 
36(b)(1) of the Arms Export Control Act
Annex
Item No. vii
    (vii) Sensitivity of Technology:
    1. The F-35A Conventional Take Off and Landing (CTOL) aircraft is a 
single seat, single engine, all-weather, stealth, fifth-generation, 
multirole aircraft. It contains sensitive technology including the low 
observable airframe/outer mold line, the Pratt & Whitney F135 engine, 
AN/APG-81 radar, an integrated core processor central computer, a 
mission systems/electronic warfare suite, a multiple sensor suite, 
technical data/documentation and associated software.
    a. The Pratt & Whitney F135 engine is a single 40,000-pound thrust 
class engine designed for the F-35 and assures highly reliable, 
affordable performance. The engine is designed to be utilized in all F-
35 variants, providing unmatched commonality and supportability 
throughout the worldwide base of F-35 users.
    b. The AN/APG-81 Active Electronically Scanned Array (AESA) is a 
high processing power/high transmission power electronic array capable 
of detecting air and ground targets from a greater distance than 
mechanically scanned array radars. It also contains a synthetic 
aperture radar (SAR), which creates high-resolution ground maps and 
provides weather data to the pilot, and air and ground tracks to the 
mission system, which uses it as a component to fuse sensor data.
    c. The Electro-Optical Targeting System (EOTS) provides long-range 
detection and tracking, as well as an infrared search and track (IRST), 
and forward-looking infrared (FLIR) capability for precision tracking, 
weapons delivery, and bomb damage assessment (BDA). The EOTS replaces 
multiple separate internal or podded systems typically found on legacy 
aircraft.
    d. The Electro-Optical Distributed Aperture System (EODAS) provides 
the pilot with full spherical coverage for air-to-air and air-to-ground 
threat awareness, day/night vision enhancements, a fire control 
capability, and precision tracking of wingmen/friendly aircraft. The 
EODAS provides data directly to the pilot's helmet as well as to the 
mission system.
    e. The F-35 Electronic Warfare (EW) system is a reprogrammable, 
integrated system that provides radar warning and electronic support 
measures (ESM), along with a fully integrated countermeasures (CM) 
system. The EW system is the primary subsystem used to enhance 
situational awareness, targeting support, and self-defense through the 
search, intercept, location, and identification of in-band emitters and 
to automatically counter IR and RF threats.
    f. The F-35 Command, Control, Communications, Computers, and 
Intelligence/Communications, Navigation, and Identification (C4I/CNI) 
system provides the pilot with unmatched connectivity to flight 
members, coalition forces, and the battlefield. It is an integrated 
subsystem designed to provide a broad spectrum of secure, anti-jam 
voice and data communications, precision radio navigation and landing 
capability, self-identification, beyond visual range target 
identification, and connectivity to off-board sources of information. 
It also includes an inertial navigation and global positioning system 
(GPS) provided by Selective Availability Anti-Spoofing Module (SAASM) 
and/or M-

[[Page 52633]]

code for precise location information. The functionality is tightly 
integrated within the mission system to enhance efficiency.
    g. The F-35 C4I/CNI system includes two data links: the Multi-
Function Advanced Data Link (MADL), and Link 16. The MADL is designed 
specifically for the F-35 and allows for stealthy communications 
between F-35s. Link 16 is an advanced command, control, communications, 
and intelligence (C3I) system incorporating jam-resistant, digital 
communication links for exchange of near real-time tactical 
information, including both data and voice, among air, ground, and sea 
elements. It provides the warfighter key theater functions such as 
surveillance, identification, air control, weapons engagement 
coordination, and direction for all services and allied forces. Link-16 
equipment allows the F-35 to communicate with legacy aircraft using 
widely distributed J-series message protocols.
    h. The F-35 Autonomic Logistics Global Sustainment (ALGS) provides 
a fully integrated logistics management solution. ALGS integrates a 
number of functional areas, including supply chain management, repair, 
support equipment, engine support, and training. The ALGS 
infrastructure employs a state-of-the-art information system that 
provides real-time, decision-worthy information for sustainment 
decisions by flight line personnel. Prognostic health monitoring 
technology is integrated with the air system and is crucial to 
predictive maintenance of vital components.
    i. The F-35 Autonomic Logistics Information System (ALIS) provides 
an intelligent information infrastructure that binds all the key 
concepts of ALGS into an effective support system. ALIS establishes the 
appropriate interfaces among the F-35 Air Vehicle, the warfighter, the 
training system, government information technology (IT) systems, and 
supporting commercial enterprise systems. Additionally, ALIS provides a 
comprehensive tool for data collection and analysis, decision support, 
and action tracking.
    j. Other subsystems, features, and capabilities include the F-35's 
low observable air frame, Integrated Core Processor (ICP) Central 
Computer, Helmet Mounted Display System (HMDS), Pilot Life Support 
System (PLSS), Off-Board Mission Support (OMS) System, and 
publications/maintenance manuals. The HMDS provides a fully sunlight 
readable, bi-ocular display presentation of aircraft information 
projected onto the pilot's helmet visor. The use of a night vision 
camera integrated into the helmet eliminates the need for separate 
Night Vision Goggles. The PLSS provides a measure of Pilot Chemical, 
Biological, and Radiological Protection through use of an On-Board 
Oxygen Generating System (OBOGS); and an escape system that provides 
additional protection to the pilot. OBOGS takes the Power and Thermal 
Management System (PTMS) air and enriches it by removing gases (mainly 
nitrogen) by adsorption, thereby increasing the concentration of oxygen 
in the product gas and supplying breathable air to the pilot. The OMS 
provides a mission planning, mission briefing, and a maintenance/
intelligence/tactical debriefing platform for the F-35.
    2. The Electronic Warfare Reprogramming Lab is used by U.S. 
Government engineers in the reprogramming and creation of shareable 
Mission Data Files for foreign F-35 customers.
    3. The AN/PYQ-10 Simple Key Loader is a portable, hand-held device 
used for securely receiving, storing, and transferring data between 
compatible cryptographic and communications equipment.
    4. The highest level of classification of defense articles, 
components, and services included in this potential sale is SECRET.
    5. If a technologically advanced adversary were to obtain knowledge 
of the specific hardware and software elements, the information could 
be used to develop countermeasures that might reduce weapon system 
effectiveness or be used in the development of a system with similar or 
advanced capabilities.
    6. A determination has been made that Romania can provide 
substantially the same degree of protection for the sensitive 
technology being released as the U.S. Government. This sale is 
necessary in furtherance of the U.S. foreign policy and national 
security objectives outlined in the Policy Justification.
    7. All defense articles and services listed in this transmittal 
have been authorized for release and export to the Government of 
Romania.

[FR Doc. 2025-20505 Filed 11-20-25; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6001-FR-P


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Indexed from Federal Register on November 21, 2025.

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