Notice2025-20505
Arms Sales Notification
Primary source
Metadata and text below are from the Federal Register, a public-domain U.S. government work. Always verify the official published version before relying on it for any legal matter.
Published
November 21, 2025
Issuing agencies
Defense Department
Abstract
The DoD is publishing the unclassified text of an arms sales notification.
Full Text
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<title>Federal Register, Volume 90 Issue 223 (Friday, November 21, 2025)</title>
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[Federal Register Volume 90, Number 223 (Friday, November 21, 2025)]
[Notices]
[Pages 52630-52633]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [<a href="http://www.gpo.gov">www.gpo.gov</a>]
[FR Doc No: 2025-20505]
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DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE
Office of the Secretary
[Transmittal No. 24-94]
Arms Sales Notification
AGENCY: Defense Security Cooperation Agency, Department of Defense
(DoD).
ACTION: Arms sales notice.
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SUMMARY: The DoD is publishing the unclassified text of an arms sales
notification.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Urooj Zahra at (703) 695-6233,
<a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#295c5b464643075348415b48074a405f694448404507444045"><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="84f1f6ebebeeaafee5ecf6e5aae7edf2c4e9e5ede8aae9ede8">[email protected]</span></a>, or <a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#ceaabdadafe0a0adbce0bcbdbcada3a9a3bae0a2a7bdbae0ada0bde3a3acb68ea3afa7a2e0a3a7a2"><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="98fcebfbf9b6f6fbeab6eaebeafbf5fff5ecb6f4f1ebecb6fbf6ebb5f5fae0d8f5f9f1f4b6f5f1f4">[email protected]</span></a>.
[[Page 52631]]
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: This 36(b)(1) arms sales notification is
published to fulfill the requirements of section 155 of Public Law 104-
164 dated July 21, 1996. The following is a copy of a letter to the
Speaker of the House of Representatives with attached Transmittal 24-
94, Policy Justification, and Sensitivity of Technology.
Dated: November 18, 2025.
Stephanie J. Bost,
Alternate OSD Federal Register Liaison Officer, Department of Defense.
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TN21NO25.005
Transmittal No. 24-94
Notice of Proposed Issuance of Letter of Offer Pursuant to Section
36(b)(1) of the Arms Export Control Act, as amended
(i) Prospective Purchaser: Government of Romania
(ii) Total Estimated Value:
Major Defense Equipment*................. $4.1 billion
Other.................................... $3.1 billion
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TOTAL.................................. $7.2 billion
Funding Source: National Funds
(iii) Description and Quantity or Quantities of Articles or
Services under Consideration for Purchase:
Major Defense Equipment (MDE):
Thirty-two (32) F-35A Lightning II Joint Strike Fighter
Conventional Take Off and Landing (CTOL) Aircraft
Thirty-three (33) Pratt & Whitney F135-PW-100 engines (32
installed, 1 spare)
Non-Major Defense Equipment:
The following non-MDE items will also be included: AN/PYQ-10 Simple
Key Loaders (SKL); Identification Friend or Foe (IFF) equipment, secure
communications, precision navigation, and cryptographic equipment;
Cartridge Actuated Devices/Propellant Actuated Devices (CAD/PAD);
multi-purpose missile equipment; ammunition and weapons components;
aircraft and munitions support and support equipment; integration and
test support and equipment; spare and repair parts, consumables and
accessories, and repair and return support; training aids and devices,
and spare parts; major and minor modifications, maintenance, and
maintenance support; integrated computer system; electronic warfare
data and Reprogramming Lab support; Electronic Combat International
Security Assistance Program (ECISAP) software support; aircraft engine
Component Improvement Program (CIP) support; classified and
unclassified software and
[[Page 52632]]
software development, delivery, and integration support; classified and
unclassified publications and technical documentation; classified and
unclassified personnel training, and training gear and equipment;
transportation, ferry, and refueling support; facilities and
construction support; studies and surveys; Contractor Logistics Support
(CLS); United States (U.S.) Government and contractor engineering,
technical, and logistics support services; and other related elements
of logistics and program support.
(iv) Military Department: Air Force (RO-D-SAG)
(v) Prior Related Cases, if any: None
(vi) Sales Commission, Fee, etc., Paid, Offered, or Agreed to be
Paid: None known at this time
(vii) Sensitivity of Technology Contained in the Defense Article or
Defense Services Proposed to be Sold: See Attached Annex
(viii) Date Report Delivered to Congress: September 13, 2024
* as defined in Section 47(6) of the Arms Export Control Act.
POLICY JUSTIFICATION
Romania--F-35 Aircraft
The Government of Romania has requested to buy thirty-two (32) F-
35A Lightning II Joint Strike Fighter Conventional Take Off and Landing
(CTOL) aircraft; and thirty-three (33) Pratt & Whitney F135-PW-100
engines (32 installed, 1 spare). The following non-MDE items will also
be included: AN/PYQ-10 Simple Key Loaders (SKL); Identification Friend
or Foe (IFF) equipment, secure communications, precision navigation,
and cryptographic equipment; Cartridge Actuated Devices/Propellant
Actuated Devices (CAD/PAD); multi-purpose missile equipment; ammunition
and weapons components; aircraft and munitions support and support
equipment; integration and test support and equipment; spare and repair
parts, consumables and accessories, and repair and return support;
training aids and devices, and spare parts; major and minor
modifications, maintenance, and maintenance support; integrated
computer system; electronic warfare data and Reprogramming Lab support;
Electronic Combat International Security Assistance Program (ECISAP)
software support; aircraft engine Component Improvement Program (CIP)
support; classified and unclassified software and software development,
delivery, and integration support; classified and unclassified
publications and technical documentation; classified and unclassified
personnel training, and training gear and equipment; transportation,
ferry, and refueling support; facilities and construction support;
studies and surveys; Contractor Logistics Support (CLS); U.S.
Government and contractor engineering, technical, and logistics support
services; and other related elements of logistics and program support.
The estimated total cost is $7.2 billion.
This proposed sale will support the foreign policy goals and
national security objectives of the U.S. by improving the security of a
NATO Ally that is an important force for political and economic
stability in Europe.
The proposed sale will improve Romania's capability to meet current
and future threats by further equipping it to conduct self-defense and
regional security missions while enhancing interoperability with the
U.S. and other NATO members. Romania will have no difficulty absorbing
these articles and services into its armed forces.
The proposed sale of this equipment and support will not alter the
basic military balance in the region.
The principal contractor will be Lockheed Martin Aeronautics
Company, located in Fort Worth, TX. The purchaser typically requests
offsets. Any offset agreement will be defined in negotiations between
the purchaser and the contractor.
Implementation of this proposed sale will not require the
assignment of any additional U.S. Government or contractor
representatives to Romania.
There will be no adverse impact on U.S. defense readiness as a
result of this proposed sale.
Transmittal No. 24-94
Notice of Proposed Issuance of Letter of Offer Pursuant to Section
36(b)(1) of the Arms Export Control Act
Annex
Item No. vii
(vii) Sensitivity of Technology:
1. The F-35A Conventional Take Off and Landing (CTOL) aircraft is a
single seat, single engine, all-weather, stealth, fifth-generation,
multirole aircraft. It contains sensitive technology including the low
observable airframe/outer mold line, the Pratt & Whitney F135 engine,
AN/APG-81 radar, an integrated core processor central computer, a
mission systems/electronic warfare suite, a multiple sensor suite,
technical data/documentation and associated software.
a. The Pratt & Whitney F135 engine is a single 40,000-pound thrust
class engine designed for the F-35 and assures highly reliable,
affordable performance. The engine is designed to be utilized in all F-
35 variants, providing unmatched commonality and supportability
throughout the worldwide base of F-35 users.
b. The AN/APG-81 Active Electronically Scanned Array (AESA) is a
high processing power/high transmission power electronic array capable
of detecting air and ground targets from a greater distance than
mechanically scanned array radars. It also contains a synthetic
aperture radar (SAR), which creates high-resolution ground maps and
provides weather data to the pilot, and air and ground tracks to the
mission system, which uses it as a component to fuse sensor data.
c. The Electro-Optical Targeting System (EOTS) provides long-range
detection and tracking, as well as an infrared search and track (IRST),
and forward-looking infrared (FLIR) capability for precision tracking,
weapons delivery, and bomb damage assessment (BDA). The EOTS replaces
multiple separate internal or podded systems typically found on legacy
aircraft.
d. The Electro-Optical Distributed Aperture System (EODAS) provides
the pilot with full spherical coverage for air-to-air and air-to-ground
threat awareness, day/night vision enhancements, a fire control
capability, and precision tracking of wingmen/friendly aircraft. The
EODAS provides data directly to the pilot's helmet as well as to the
mission system.
e. The F-35 Electronic Warfare (EW) system is a reprogrammable,
integrated system that provides radar warning and electronic support
measures (ESM), along with a fully integrated countermeasures (CM)
system. The EW system is the primary subsystem used to enhance
situational awareness, targeting support, and self-defense through the
search, intercept, location, and identification of in-band emitters and
to automatically counter IR and RF threats.
f. The F-35 Command, Control, Communications, Computers, and
Intelligence/Communications, Navigation, and Identification (C4I/CNI)
system provides the pilot with unmatched connectivity to flight
members, coalition forces, and the battlefield. It is an integrated
subsystem designed to provide a broad spectrum of secure, anti-jam
voice and data communications, precision radio navigation and landing
capability, self-identification, beyond visual range target
identification, and connectivity to off-board sources of information.
It also includes an inertial navigation and global positioning system
(GPS) provided by Selective Availability Anti-Spoofing Module (SAASM)
and/or M-
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code for precise location information. The functionality is tightly
integrated within the mission system to enhance efficiency.
g. The F-35 C4I/CNI system includes two data links: the Multi-
Function Advanced Data Link (MADL), and Link 16. The MADL is designed
specifically for the F-35 and allows for stealthy communications
between F-35s. Link 16 is an advanced command, control, communications,
and intelligence (C3I) system incorporating jam-resistant, digital
communication links for exchange of near real-time tactical
information, including both data and voice, among air, ground, and sea
elements. It provides the warfighter key theater functions such as
surveillance, identification, air control, weapons engagement
coordination, and direction for all services and allied forces. Link-16
equipment allows the F-35 to communicate with legacy aircraft using
widely distributed J-series message protocols.
h. The F-35 Autonomic Logistics Global Sustainment (ALGS) provides
a fully integrated logistics management solution. ALGS integrates a
number of functional areas, including supply chain management, repair,
support equipment, engine support, and training. The ALGS
infrastructure employs a state-of-the-art information system that
provides real-time, decision-worthy information for sustainment
decisions by flight line personnel. Prognostic health monitoring
technology is integrated with the air system and is crucial to
predictive maintenance of vital components.
i. The F-35 Autonomic Logistics Information System (ALIS) provides
an intelligent information infrastructure that binds all the key
concepts of ALGS into an effective support system. ALIS establishes the
appropriate interfaces among the F-35 Air Vehicle, the warfighter, the
training system, government information technology (IT) systems, and
supporting commercial enterprise systems. Additionally, ALIS provides a
comprehensive tool for data collection and analysis, decision support,
and action tracking.
j. Other subsystems, features, and capabilities include the F-35's
low observable air frame, Integrated Core Processor (ICP) Central
Computer, Helmet Mounted Display System (HMDS), Pilot Life Support
System (PLSS), Off-Board Mission Support (OMS) System, and
publications/maintenance manuals. The HMDS provides a fully sunlight
readable, bi-ocular display presentation of aircraft information
projected onto the pilot's helmet visor. The use of a night vision
camera integrated into the helmet eliminates the need for separate
Night Vision Goggles. The PLSS provides a measure of Pilot Chemical,
Biological, and Radiological Protection through use of an On-Board
Oxygen Generating System (OBOGS); and an escape system that provides
additional protection to the pilot. OBOGS takes the Power and Thermal
Management System (PTMS) air and enriches it by removing gases (mainly
nitrogen) by adsorption, thereby increasing the concentration of oxygen
in the product gas and supplying breathable air to the pilot. The OMS
provides a mission planning, mission briefing, and a maintenance/
intelligence/tactical debriefing platform for the F-35.
2. The Electronic Warfare Reprogramming Lab is used by U.S.
Government engineers in the reprogramming and creation of shareable
Mission Data Files for foreign F-35 customers.
3. The AN/PYQ-10 Simple Key Loader is a portable, hand-held device
used for securely receiving, storing, and transferring data between
compatible cryptographic and communications equipment.
4. The highest level of classification of defense articles,
components, and services included in this potential sale is SECRET.
5. If a technologically advanced adversary were to obtain knowledge
of the specific hardware and software elements, the information could
be used to develop countermeasures that might reduce weapon system
effectiveness or be used in the development of a system with similar or
advanced capabilities.
6. A determination has been made that Romania can provide
substantially the same degree of protection for the sensitive
technology being released as the U.S. Government. This sale is
necessary in furtherance of the U.S. foreign policy and national
security objectives outlined in the Policy Justification.
7. All defense articles and services listed in this transmittal
have been authorized for release and export to the Government of
Romania.
[FR Doc. 2025-20505 Filed 11-20-25; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6001-FR-P
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