Notice2025-18892

Thermoformed Molded Fiber Products From the People's Republic of China: Final Affirmative Countervailing Duty Determination

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Published
September 30, 2025

Issuing agencies

Commerce DepartmentInternational Trade Administration

Abstract

The U.S. Department of Commerce (Commerce) determines that countervailable subsidies are being provided to producers and exporters of thermoformed molded fiber products (molded fiber products) from the People's Republic of China (China). The period of investigation (POI) is January 1, 2023, through December 31, 2023.

Full Text

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<title>Federal Register, Volume 90 Issue 187 (Tuesday, September 30, 2025)</title>
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[Federal Register Volume 90, Number 187 (Tuesday, September 30, 2025)]
[Notices]
[Pages 46787-46790]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [<a href="http://www.gpo.gov">www.gpo.gov</a>]
[FR Doc No: 2025-18892]


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DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

International Trade Administration

[C-570-183]


Thermoformed Molded Fiber Products From the People's Republic of 
China: Final Affirmative Countervailing Duty Determination

AGENCY: Enforcement and Compliance, International Trade Administration, 
Department of Commerce.

SUMMARY: The U.S. Department of Commerce (Commerce) determines that 
countervailable subsidies are being provided to producers and exporters 
of thermoformed molded fiber products (molded fiber products) from the 
People's Republic of China (China). The period of investigation (POI) 
is January 1, 2023, through December 31, 2023.

DATES: Applicable September 30, 2025.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Allison Hollander, AD/CVD Operations, 
Office IX, Enforcement and Compliance, International Trade 
Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce, 1401 Constitution Avenue 
NW, Washington, DC 20230; telephone: (202) 482-2805.

[[Page 46788]]


SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

Background

    On March 14, 2025, Commerce published the Preliminary Determination 
of this countervailing duty (CVD) investigation of molded fiber 
products from China, and, in accordance with section 705(a)(1) of the 
Tariff Act of 1930, as amended (the Act) and 19 CFR 351.210(b)(3), 
aligned this CVD investigation with the final determination in the 
companion less-than-fair-value (LTFV) investigation.\1\ On May 1, 2025, 
we issued a post-preliminary analysis memorandum regarding certain 
programs.\2\
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    \1\ See Thermoformed Molded Fiber Products from the People's 
Republic of China: Preliminary Affirmative Countervailing Duty 
Determination and Alignment of Final Determination With Final 
Antidumping Duty Determination, 90 FR 12123 (March 14, 2025) 
(Preliminary Determination), and accompanying Preliminary Decision 
Memorandum (PDM).
    \2\ See Memorandum, ``Post Preliminary Analysis Memorandum for 
the Countervailing Duty Investigation of Thermoformed Molded Fiber 
Products from the People's Republic of China,'' dated May 1, 2025 
(Post-Preliminary Analysis Memo).
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    For a complete discussion of the events that followed the 
Preliminary Determination, see the Issues and Decision Memorandum.\3\ 
The Issues and Decision Memorandum is a public document and is made 
available to the public via Enforcement and Compliance's Antidumping 
and Countervailing Duty Centralized Electronic Service System (ACCESS). 
ACCESS is available to registered users at <a href="https://access.trade.gov">https://access.trade.gov</a>. In 
addition, a complete version of the Issues and Decision Memorandum can 
be accessed directly at <a href="https://access.trade.gov/public/FRNoticesListLayout.aspx">https://access.trade.gov/public/FRNoticesListLayout.aspx</a>.
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    \3\ See Memorandum, ``Issues and Decision Memorandum for the 
Final Affirmative Determination of the Countervailing Duty 
Investigation of Thermoformed Molded Fiber Products from the 
People's Republic of China,'' dated concurrently with, and hereby 
adopted by, this notice (Issues and Decision Memorandum).
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Scope of the Investigation

    The merchandise covered by the scope of this investigation is 
molded fiber products from China. For a complete description of the 
scope of this investigation, see Appendix I.

Scope Comments

    During the course of this investigation, Commerce received scope 
comments from interested parties.\4\ Commerce issued a Preliminary 
Scope Decision Memorandum to address these comments and set aside a 
period of time for parties to address scope issues in scope-specific 
case and rebuttal briefs from interested parties.\5\ On June 5, 2025, 
Commerce received scope case and rebuttal briefs from interested 
parties.\6\ After analyzing these comments, we made no changes to the 
scope of the investigation since the Preliminary Scope Decision 
Memorandum, as noted in Appendix I.\7\
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    \4\ See Petitioners' Letters, ``Thermoformed Molded Fiber 
Products from the People's Republic of China and the Socialist 
Republic of Vietnam: Responses to Antidumping and Countervailing 
Duty Petition Supplemental Questionnaire,'' dated October 16, 2024; 
``Thermoformed Molded Fiber Products from the People's Republic of 
China and Socialist Republic of Vietnam: Responses to Second 
Supplemental Questionnaire,'' dated October 24, 2024; see also 
Memorandum, ``Scope, Industry Support, and Vietnam AD Discussion,'' 
dated October 22, 2024.
    \5\ See Memorandum, ``Preliminary Scope Decision Memorandum,'' 
dated May 6, 2025 (Preliminary Scope Decision Memorandum).
    \6\ See Petitioners' Letter, ``Letter in Lieu of Scope Case 
Brief,'' dated June 5, 2025; Target General Merchandise, Inc.'s 
Letter, ``Scope Case Brief on Behalf of Target General Merchandise, 
Inc.,'' dated June 5, 2025; and Petitioners' Letter, ``Petitioners' 
Scope Rebuttal Brief,'' dated June 12, 2025.
    \7\ See Memorandum, ``Final Scope Decision Memorandum,'' dated 
concurrently with this notice.
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Verification

    As provided in section 782(i) of the Act, in April 2025, Commerce 
verified the information reported by the Guangxi Firstpak Environmental 
Technology Co., Ltd. (Firstpak) and Zhejiang Zhongxin Environmental 
Protection Technology Group Co., Ltd. (Zhejiang Zhongxin) for use in 
our final determination. We used standard verification procedures, 
including an examination of relevant accounting records and original 
source documents provided at verification.\8\
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    \8\ See Memorandum, ``Verification of the Questionnaire 
Responses of Guangxi Firstpak Environmental Technology Co., Ltd.,'' 
dated June 11, 2025; see also Memorandum, ``Verification of the 
Questionnaire Responses of Zhejiang Zhongxin Environmental 
Protection Technology Group Co., Ltd.,'' dated June 12, 2025.
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Analysis of Subsidy Programs and Comments Received

    The subsidy programs under investigation and the issues raised in 
the case and rebuttal briefs that were submitted by interested parties 
in this investigation are discussed in the Issues and Decision 
Memorandum. For a list of the issues raised by interested parties and 
addressed in the Issues and Decision Memorandum, see Appendix II to 
this notice.

Methodology

    Commerce conducted this investigation in accordance with section 
701 of the Act. For each of the subsidy programs found to be 
countervailable, Commerce determines that there is a subsidy, i.e., a 
financial contribution by an ``authority'' that gives rise to a benefit 
to the recipient, and that the subsidy is specific.\9\ For a full 
description of the methodology underlying our final determination, see 
the Issues and Decision Memorandum.
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    \9\ See sections 771(5)(B) and (D) of the Act regarding 
financial contribution; see also section 771(5)(E) of the Act 
regarding benefit; and section 771(5A) of the Act regarding 
specificity.
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    In making this final determination, Commerce relied, in part, on 
facts otherwise available, including with an adverse inference, 
pursuant to sections 776(a) and (b) of the Act. For a full discussion 
of our application of adverse facts available (AFA), see the Issues and 
Decision Memorandum at the section entitled ``Uses of Facts Available 
and Application of Adverse Inferences.'' \10\
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    \10\ See Preliminary Determination PDM at 4-25.
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Changes Since the Preliminary Determination

    Based on our review and analysis of the information at verification 
and comments received from interested parties, we made changes to the 
subsidy rate calculations for Firstpak, Zhejiang Zhongxin, and for all 
other producers/exporters, including the addition of subsidy programs 
included in the Post-Preliminary Analysis. For a discussion of these 
changes, see the Issues and Decision Memorandum.

All-Others Rate

    Section 705(c)(5)(A) of the Act provide that Commerce shall 
determine an estimated all-others rate for companies not individually 
examined. This rate shall be an amount equal to the weighted average of 
the estimated subsidy rates established for those companies 
individually examined, excluding any zero and de minimis rates and any 
rates based entirely under section 776 of the Act.
    In this investigation, Commerce preliminarily calculated individual 
estimated countervailable subsidy rates for Firstpak and Zhejiang that 
are not zero, de minimis, or based entirely on the facts otherwise 
available. Commerce calculated the all-others rate using a weighted 
average of the individual estimated subsidy rates calculated for the 
examined respondents using each company's publicly-ranged values for 
the subject merchandise.\11\
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    \11\ With two respondents under examination, Commerce normally 
calculates: (A) a weighted-average of the estimated subsidy rates 
calculated for the examined respondents; (B) a simple average of the 
estimated subsidy rates calculated for the examined respondents; and 
(C) a weighted-average of the estimated subsidy rates calculated for 
the examined respondents using each company's publicly-ranged U.S. 
sale values for the merchandise under consideration. Commerce then 
compares (B) and (C) to (A) and selects the rate closest to (A) as 
the most appropriate rate for all other producers and exporters. 
See, e.g., Ball Bearings and Parts Thereof from France, Germany, 
Italy, Japan, and the United Kingdom: Final Results of Antidumping 
Duty Administrative Reviews, Final Results of Changed-Circumstances 
Review, and Revocation of an Order in Part, 75 FR 53661, 53662 
(September 1, 2010), and accompanying Issues and Decision Memorandum 
at Comment 1. As complete publicly ranged sales data were available, 
Commerce based the all-others rate on the publicly ranged sales data 
of the mandatory respondents. For a complete analysis of the data, 
see Memorandum, ``Calculation of Subsidy Rate for All Others,'' 
dated concurrently with this notice.

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[[Page 46789]]

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Final Determination

    Commerce determines that the following estimated countervailable 
subsidy rates exist for the period January 1, 2023, through December 
31, 2023:

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                                                         Subsidy rate
                       Company                            (percent ad
                                                           valorem)
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Guangxi Firstpak Environmental Technology Co., Ltd..                7.56
Zhejiang Zhongxin Environmental Protection                         97.82
 Technology Group Co., Ltd.\12\.....................
Shaoneng Group Guangdong Luzhou Paper Mould Packing             * 319.92
 Products Co., Ltd..................................
All Others..........................................               62.66
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* Rate is based on facts available with adverse inferences.

Disclosure

    Commerce intends to disclose its calculations performed to 
interested parties in this final determination within five days of its 
public announcement or, if there is no public announcement, within five 
days of the date of the publication of this notice in the Federal 
Register, in accordance with 19 CFR 351.224(b).
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    \12\ Commerce preliminarily finds that Zhejiang Zhongxin is 
cross-owned with Jinhua Zhongsheng Fiber Products Co., Ltd.; Guangxi 
Huabao Fiber Products Co., Ltd.; and Chongzuo Zhongxin Environmental 
Protection Technology Co., Ltd.
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Continuation of Suspension of Liquidation

    As a result of our Preliminary Determination, and pursuant to 
sections 703(d)(1)(B) and (d)(2) of the Act, we instructed U.S. Customs 
and Border Protection (CBP) to collect cash deposits and suspend 
liquidation of entries of subject merchandise from China that were 
entered, or withdrawn from warehouse, for consumption, on or after 
March 14, 2025, the date of the publication of the Preliminary 
Determination in the Federal Register.\13\ In accordance with section 
703(d) of the Act, we instructed CBP to discontinue the suspension of 
liquidation of all entries of subject merchandise entered or withdrawn 
from warehouse, on or after July 12, 2025, but to continue the 
suspension of liquidation of all entries of subject merchandise on or 
before July 11, 2025.
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    \13\ See Preliminary Determination, 90 FR at 12125.
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    If the U.S. International Trade Commission (ITC) issues a final 
affirmative injury determination, we will issue a CVD order, reinstate 
the suspension of liquidation under section 706(a) of the Act, and 
require a cash deposit of estimated countervailing duties for entries 
of subject merchandise in the amounts indicated above. Pursuant to 
section 705(c)(2) of the Act, if the ITC determines that material 
injury, or threat of material injury, does not exist, this proceeding 
will be terminated, and all estimated duties deposited or securities 
posted as a result of the suspension of liquidation will be refunded or 
cancelled.

ITC Notification

    In accordance with section 705(d) of the Act, Commerce will notify 
the ITC of its final affirmative determination that countervailable 
subsidies are being provided to producers and exporters of molded fiber 
products from China. As Commerce's final determination is affirmative, 
in accordance with section 705(b) of the Act, the ITC will determine, 
within 45 days, whether the domestic industry in the United States is 
materially injured, or threatened with material injury, by reason of 
import of molded fiber products from China. In addition, we are making 
available to the ITC all non-privileged and non-proprietary information 
in our files, provided the ITC confirms that it will not disclose such 
information, either publicly or under administrative protective order 
(APO), without the written consent of the Assistant Secretary for 
Enforcement and Compliance.
    If the ITC determines that material injury or threat of material 
injury does not exist, this proceeding will be terminated, and all cash 
deposits will be refunded. If the ITC determines that such injury does 
exist, Commerce will issue a CVD order directing CBP to assess, upon 
further instruction by Commerce, countervailing duties on all imports 
of the subject merchandise that are entered, or withdrawn from 
warehouse, for consumption on or after the effective date of the 
suspension of liquidation, as discussed above in the ``Continuation of 
Suspension of Liquidation'' section.

Administrative Protective Order

    This notice will serve as the final reminder to parties subject to 
an APO of their responsibility concerning the destruction of 
proprietary information disclosed under APO, in accordance with 19 CFR 
351.305(a)(3). Timely written notification of the return or destruction 
of APO materials or conversion to judicial protective order is hereby 
requested. Failure to comply with the regulations and terms of an APO 
is a violation which is subject to sanction.

Notification to Interested Parties

    This determination is issued and published in accordance with 
sections 705(d) and 777(i) of the Act, and 19 CFR 351.210(c).

    Dated: September 24, 2025.
Christopher Abbott,
Deputy Assistant Secretary for Policy and Negotiations, performing the 
non-exclusive functions and duties of the Assistant Secretary for 
Enforcement and Compliance.

Appendix I

Scope of the Investigation

    The merchandise subject to this investigation consists of 
thermoformed molded fiber products regardless of shape, form, 
function, fiber source, or finish. Thermoformed molded fiber 
products are formed with cellulose fibers, thermoformed using one or 
more heated molds, and dried/cured in the mold.
    Thermoformed molded fiber products include, but are not limited 
to, plates, bowls, clamshells, trays, lids, food or foodservice 
contact packaging, and consumer or other product packaging.
    Thermoformed molded fiber products are relatively dense, with a 
typical fiber density above 0.5 grams per cubic centimeter, and are 
generally characterized by relatively smooth surfaces. They may be 
derived from any virgin or recycled cellulose fiber source 
(including, but not limited to, those sourced

[[Page 46790]]

from wood, woody crops, agricultural crops/byproducts/residue, and 
agricultural/industrial/other waste). They may have any weight, 
shape, dimensionality, design, or size, and may be bleached, 
unbleached, dyed, colored, or printed. They may include ingredients, 
additives, or chemistries to enhance functionality including, but 
not limited to, anti-microbial, anti-fungal, anti-bacterial, heat/
flame resistant, hydrophobic, oleophobic, absorbent, or adsorbent. 
Thermoformed molded fiber products may also be subject to other 
processing or treatments, including, but not limited to, hot or 
after pressing, die-cutting, punching, trimming, padding, 
perforating, printing, labeling, dying, coloring, coating, 
laminating, embossing, debossing, repacking, or denesting. 
Thermoformed molded fiber products subject to this investigation may 
also have additional design features, including, but not limited to, 
tab closures, venting, channeling, or stiffening.
    Thermoformed molded fiber products remain covered by the scope 
of this investigation if the subject product is encased by exterior 
packaging. They also remain covered by the scope of this 
investigation whether imported alone, or in any combination of 
subject and non-subject merchandise (e.g., a lid or cover of any 
type packaged with a molded fiber bowl, addition of any items to 
make the thermoformed molded fiber packaging suitable for end-use 
such as absorbent pads). When thermoformed molded fiber products are 
imported in combination with non-subject merchandise, only the 
thermoformed molded fiber products are subject merchandise.
    Also excluded from the scope of this investigation are products 
covered by the scope of the antidumping and countervailing duty 
orders on paper plates from People's Republic of China, the Kingdom 
of Thailand, and the Socialist Republic of Vietnam.
    Excluded from the scope of this investigation are thermoformed 
molded fiber products imported as packaging material that enclose 
and/or surround non-subject merchandise prepackaged for final sale 
upon importation into the United States (e.g., molded fiber 
packaging surrounding a cellular phone).
    Thermoformed molded fiber products include thermoformed molded 
fiber products matching the above description that have been 
finished, packaged, or otherwise processed in a third country by 
performing finishing, packaging, or processing that would not 
otherwise remove the merchandise from the scope of the investigation 
if performed in the country of manufacture of the thermoformed 
molded fiber products. Examples of finishing, packaging, or other 
processing in a third country that would not otherwise remove the 
merchandise from the scope of the investigation if performed in the 
country of manufacture of the thermoformed molded fiber products 
include, but are not limited to, hot or after pressing, die-cutting, 
punching, trimming, padding, perforating, printing, labeling, dying, 
coloring, coating, laminating, embossing, debossing, repacking, or 
denesting.
    Thermoformed molded fiber products are classified under 
subheadings 4823.70.0020 and 4823.70.0040, Harmonized Tariff 
Schedule of the United States (HTSUS). Imports may also be 
classified under subheadings 4823.61.0020, 4823.61.0040, 
4823.69.0020, 4823.69.0040, 4823.90.1000, HTSUS. References to the 
HTSUS classification are provided for convenience and customs 
purposes, and the written description of the merchandise under 
investigation is dispositive.

Appendix II

List of Topics Discussed in the Issues and Decision Memorandum

I. Summary
II. Background
III. Use of Facts Available and Adverse Inferences
IV. Subsidies Valuation
V. Analysis of Programs
VI. Discussion of the Issues
    Comment 1: Whether the Provision of Inputs for Less Than 
Adequate Remuneration (LTAR) is Specific
    Comment 2: Whether Pulp Suppliers are Government Authorities
    Comment 3: Whether the Provision of Electricity for LTAR is 
Specific
    Comment 4: Whether to Apply Adverse Facts Available (AFA) to 
Zhejiang Zhongxin for Subsidy Programs Found at Verification
    Comment 5: Whether to Revise the Benchmark Calculation for Pulp
    Comment 6: Whether Commerce Correctly Calculated the Benefit for 
Land for LTAR for Zhejiang Zhongxin
    Comment 7: Whether Commerce Should Revise the Sales Denominator 
in the Calculation of Land for LTAR for Firstpak
    Comment 8: Whether Commerce Correctly Calculated the Benefit for 
the Provision of Electricity for LTAR for Firstpak
    Comment 9: Whether Commerce Correctly Calculated the Benefit for 
Policy Loans for Firstpak
    Comment 10: Whether Commerce Correctly Calculated the Benefit 
for Pulp for LTAR for Firstpak
VII. Recommendation

[FR Doc. 2025-18892 Filed 9-29-25; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 3510-DS-P


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Indexed from Federal Register on September 30, 2025.

This is legal information, not legal advice. Laws vary by jurisdiction and change frequently. Always verify current law with official sources and consult a licensed attorney in your jurisdiction for advice on your specific situation.