Notice2025-14213

Vanillin From the People's Republic of China: Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Orders

Primary source

Metadata and text below are from the Federal Register, a public-domain U.S. government work. Always verify the official published version before relying on it for any legal matter.

Published
July 28, 2025

Issuing agencies

Commerce DepartmentInternational Trade Administration

Abstract

Based on affirmative final determinations by the U.S. Department of Commerce (Commerce) and the U.S. International Trade Commission (ITC), Commerce is issuing antidumping (AD) and countervailing duty (CVD) orders on vanillin from the People's Republic of China (China).

Full Text

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<title>Federal Register, Volume 90 Issue 142 (Monday, July 28, 2025)</title>
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[Federal Register Volume 90, Number 142 (Monday, July 28, 2025)]
[Notices]
[Pages 35504-35506]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [<a href="http://www.gpo.gov">www.gpo.gov</a>]
[FR Doc No: 2025-14213]


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DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

International Trade Administration

[A-570-172, C-570-173]


Vanillin From the People's Republic of China: Antidumping and 
Countervailing Duty Orders

AGENCY: Enforcement and Compliance, International Trade Administration, 
Department of Commerce.
SUMMARY: Based on affirmative final determinations by the U.S. 
Department of Commerce (Commerce) and the U.S. International Trade 
Commission (ITC), Commerce is issuing antidumping (AD) and 
countervailing duty (CVD) orders on vanillin from the People's Republic 
of China (China).

DATES: Applicable July 28, 2025.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Bryan Hansen (AD) or Dylan Hill (CVD) 
AD/CVD Operations, Offices I and IV, Enforcement and Compliance, 
International Trade Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce, 1401 
Constitution Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20230; telephone: (202) 482-3683 
and (202) 482-1197, respectively.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

Background

    In accordance with sections 705(d), 735(d), and 777(i) of the 
Tariff Act of 1930, as amended (the Act), on June 6, 2025, Commerce 
published its affirmative final determination of sales at less-than-
fair-value (LFTV) of vanillin from China and its affirmative final 
determination that countervailable subsidies are being provided to 
producers and exporters of vanillin from China.\1\
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    \1\ See Vanillin from the People's Republic of China: Final 
Affirmative Determination of Sales at Less Than Fair Value, 90 FR 
24093 (June 6, 2025); see also Vanillin from the People's Republic 
of China: Final Affirmative Countervailing Duty Determination, 90 FR 
24095 (June 6, 2025).
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    On July 18, 2025, the ITC notified Commerce of its final 
affirmative determinations that an industry in the United States is 
materially injured within the meanings of sections 705(b)(1)(A)(i) and 
735(b)(1)(A)(i) of the Act by reason of subsidized imports of vanillin 
from China and by reason of imports of vanillin that are sold in the 
United States at less than fair value.\2\
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    \2\ See ITC's Letter, ``Chair Determinations Letter to 
Commerce,'' dated July 18, 2025 (ITC Notification Letter).
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Scope of the Orders

    The product covered by these orders is vanillin from China. For a 
complete description of the scope of these orders, see the appendix to 
this notice.

Antidumping Duty Order

    On July 18, 2025, in accordance with section 735(d) of the Act, the 
ITC notified Commerce of its final determination that an industry in 
the United States is materially injured within the meaning of section 
735(b)(1)(A)(i) of the Act by reason of imports of vanillin that are 
sold in the United States for less than fair value. Therefore, in 
accordance with sections 735(c)(2) and 736 of the Act, Commerce is 
issuing this AD order. Because the ITC determined that imports of 
vanillin from China are materially injuring a U.S. industry, 
unliquidated entries of such merchandise from China, entered or 
withdrawn from warehouse for consumption, are subject to the assessment 
of antidumping duties.
    Therefore, in accordance with section 736(a)(1) of the Act, 
Commerce will direct U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) to 
assess, upon further instruction by Commerce, antidumping duties equal 
to the amount by which the normal value of the merchandise exceeds the 
export price (or constructed export price) of the merchandise for all 
relevant entries of vanillin from China. Antidumping duties will be 
assessed on unliquidated entries of vanillin from China entered, or 
withdrawn from warehouse, for consumption on or after January 16, 2025, 
the date of publication of the LTFV Preliminary Determination,\3\ but 
will not include entries occurring after the expiration of the 
provisional measures period and before publication of the ITC's final 
injury determination, as further described in the ``Provisional 
Measures--AD '' section of this notice.
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    \3\ See Vanillin from the People's Republic of China: 
Preliminary Affirmative Determination of Sales at Less Than Fair 
Value, Postponement of Final Determination and Extension of 
Provisional Measures, 90 FR 4720 (January 16, 2025) (LTFV 
Preliminary Determination), and accompanying Preliminary Decision 
Memorandum.
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Suspension of Liquidation and Cash Deposits--AD

    In accordance with section 736 of the Act, Commerce intends to 
instruct CBP to reinstitute the suspension of liquidation of vanillin 
from China, effective on the date of publication of the ITC's final 
affirmative injury determination in the Federal Register. These 
instructions suspending liquidation will remain in effect until further 
notice. Commerce also intends

[[Page 35505]]

to instruct CBP to require cash deposits equal to the estimated 
weighted-average dumping margins indicated in the table below. The rate 
for the China-wide entity applies to all producers and exporters not 
specifically listed below, as appropriate.

Estimated Weighted-Average Dumping Margins

    The estimated weighted-average dumping margins are as follows:

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                                                                                               Cash deposit rate
                                                                             Weighted-average    (adjusted for
                  Exporter                              Producer              dumping margin    subsidy offsets)
                                                                                (percent)          (percent)
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Jiangxi Brother Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd....  Jiangxi Brother                           190.20             190.15
                                              Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
Chongqing Thrive Fine Chemicals Co., Ltd...  Chongqing Thrive Fine                     190.20             190.15
                                              Chemicals Co., Ltd.
HongKong Wictive Merchants Co., Ltd........  Kunshan Asia Aroma Corp., Ltd             190.20             190.15
Kunshan Asia Aroma Corp., Ltd..............  Kunshan Asia Aroma Corp., Ltd             190.20             190.15
Mianyang Sunshine Bio-Tech Co., Ltd........  Mianyang Sunshine Bio-Tech                190.20             190.15
                                              Co., Ltd.
Shanghai Fuxin Fine Chemical Co., Ltd......  Jiaxing Zhonghua Chemical                 190.20             190.15
                                              Co., Ltd.
Shenzhen Siyomicro Bio-Tech Co., Ltd.......  Shenzhen Siyomicro Bio-Tech               190.20             190.15
                                              Co., Ltd.
Wuxi Lotus Essence Co., Ltd................  Jiaxing Zhonghua Chemical                 190.20             190.15
                                              Co., Ltd.
Xiamen Bestally Biotechnology Co., Ltd.....  Xiamen Oamic Biotech Co., Ltd             190.20             190.15
China-Wide Entity..........................  .............................           * 379.87             379.82
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* Rate based on facts available with adverse inferences.

Provisional Measures--AD

    Section 733(d) of the Act states that suspension of liquidation 
pursuant to an affirmative preliminary determination may not remain in 
effect for more than four months, except where exporters representing a 
significant proportion of exports of the subject merchandise request 
that Commerce extend the four-month period to no more than six months. 
Commerce published the LTFV Preliminary Determination on January 16, 
2025.
    The provisional measures period, beginning on the date of 
publication of the LTFV Preliminary Determination, ended on July 14, 
2025. Therefore, in accordance with section 733(d) of the Act and our 
practice,\4\ Commerce will instruct CBP to terminate the suspension of 
liquidation and to liquidate, without regard to antidumping duties, 
unliquidated entries of vanillin from China entered, or withdrawn from 
warehouse, for consumption after July 14, 2025, the final day on which 
the provisional measures were in effect, until and through the day 
preceding the date of publication of the ITC's final affirmative injury 
determination in the Federal Register. Suspension of liquidation and 
the collection of cash deposits will resume on the date of publication 
of the ITC's final determination in the Federal Register.
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    \4\ See, e.g., Certain Corrosion-Resistant Steel Products from 
India, Italy, the People's Republic of China, the Republic of Korea 
and Taiwan: Amended Final Affirmative Antidumping Determination for 
India and Taiwan, and Antidumping Duty Orders, 81 FR 48390, 48392 
(July 25, 2016).
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Countervailing Duty Order

    As stated above, on July 18, 2025, the ITC notified Commerce of its 
final determinations that an industry in the United States is 
materially injured within the meaning of section 705(b)(1)(A)(i) of the 
Act by reason of subsidized imports of vanillin from China.\5\ 
Therefore, in accordance with section 705(c)(2) of the Act, Commerce is 
issuing this countervailing duty order. Moreover, because the ITC 
determined that imports of vanillin from China are materially injuring 
a U.S. industry, unliquidated entries of such merchandise from China, 
entered or withdrawn from warehouse for consumption, are subject to the 
assessment of countervailing duties.
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    \5\ See ITC Notification Letter.
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    Therefore, in accordance with section 706(a) of the Act, Commerce 
intends to direct CBP to assess, upon further instruction by Commerce, 
countervailing duties on unliquidated entries of vanillin from China 
entered, or withdrawn from warehouse, for consumption on or after 
November 18, 2024, the date of the publication of the CVD Preliminary 
Determination,\6\ but will not include entries occurring after the 
expiration of the provisional measures and before the publication in 
the Federal Register of the ITC's final injury determination under 
section 705(b) of the Act, as further described in the ``Provisional 
Measures--CVD'' section of this notice.
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    \6\ See Vanillin from the People's Republic of China: 
Preliminary Affirmative Countervailing Duty Determination and 
Alignment of Final Determination with Final Antidumping Duty 
Determination, 89 FR 90671 (November 18, 2024) (CVD Preliminary 
Determination).
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Suspension of Liquidation and Cash Deposits

    In accordance with section 706 of the Act, we will instruct CBP to 
reinstitute suspension of liquidation on all relevant entries of 
vanillin from China, effective on the date of publication of the ITC's 
final affirmative injury determination in the Federal Register, and to 
assess, upon further instruction by Commerce, pursuant to section 
706(a)(1) of the Act, countervailing duties for each entry of the 
subject merchandise in an amount based on the net countervailable 
subsidy rate for the subject merchandise. These instructions suspending 
liquidation will remain in effect until further notice.
    Commerce will also instruct CBP to require cash deposits equal to 
the amounts as indicated below. Accordingly, effective on the date of 
publication of the ITC's final affirmative injury determination in the 
Federal Register, CBP will require, at the same time as importers would 
normally deposit estimated duties on the subject merchandise, a cash 
deposit for each entry of subject merchandise equal to the subsidy 
rates listed below.\7\ The all-others rate applies to all producers or 
exporters not specifically listed below, as appropriate.
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    \7\ See section 706(a)(3) of the Act.
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Estimated Countervailable Subsidy Rates

    The estimated countervailable subsidy rates are as follows:

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                                                            Subsidy rate
                          Company                            (percent ad
                                                              valorem)
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Jiaxing Guihua Imp. & Exp. Co., Ltd.......................         42.10
All Others................................................         42.10
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Provisional Measures--CVD

    Section 703(d) of the Act states that the suspension of liquidation 
pursuant

[[Page 35506]]

to an affirmative preliminary determination may not remain in effect 
for more than four months. Commerce published the CVD Preliminary 
Determination on November 18, 2024.\8\ As such, the four-month period 
beginning on the date of the publication of the Preliminary 
Determinations ended on March 17, 2024.
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    \8\ See CVD Preliminary Determination.
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    Therefore, in accordance with section 703(d) of the Act, we 
instructed CBP to terminate the suspension of liquidation and to 
liquidate, without regard to countervailing duties, unliquidated 
entries of vanillin from China entered, or withdrawn from warehouse, 
for consumption after March 18, 2025, the date on which the provisional 
measures were no longer in effect, until and through the day preceding 
the date of publication of the ITC's final injury determination in the 
Federal Register. Suspension of liquidation and the collection of cash 
deposits will resume on the date of publication of the ITC's final 
determination in the Federal Register.

Establishment of the Annual Inquiry Service Lists

    Commerce published the Final Rule and the Procedural Guidance in 
the Federal Register on September 20, 2021, and September 27, 2021, 
respectively.\9\ The Final Rule and Procedural Guidance provide that 
Commerce will maintain an annual inquiry service list for each order or 
suspended investigation, and any interested party submitting a scope 
ruling application or request for circumvention inquiry shall serve a 
copy of the application or request on the persons on the annual inquiry 
service list for that order, as well as any companion order covering 
the same merchandise from the same country of origin.\10\
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    \9\ See Regulations to Improve Administration and Enforcement of 
Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Laws, 86 FR 52300 (September 20, 
2021) (Final Rule); and Scope Ruling Application; Annual Inquiry 
Service List; and Informational Sessions, 86 FR 53205 (September 27, 
2021) (Procedural Guidance).
    \10\ Id.
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    In accordance with the Procedural Guidance, for orders published in 
the Federal Register after November 4, 2021, Commerce will create an 
annual inquiry service list segment in Commerce's online e-filing and 
document management system, Antidumping and Countervailing Duty 
Electronic Service System (ACCESS), available at <a href="https://access.trade.gov">https://access.trade.gov</a>, within five business days of publication of the 
notice of the order. Each annual inquiry service list will be saved in 
ACCESS, under each case number, and under a specific segment type 
called ``AISL-Annual Inquiry Service List.'' \11\
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    \11\ This segment will be combined with the ACCESS Segment 
Specific Information (SSI) field which will display the month in 
which the notice of the order or suspended investigation was 
published in the Federal Register, also known as the anniversary 
month. For example, for an order under case number A-000-000 that 
was published in the Federal Register in January, the relevant 
segment and SSI combination will appear in ACCESS as ``AISL-January 
Anniversary.'' Note that there will be only one annual inquiry 
service list segment per case number, and the anniversary month will 
be pre-populated in ACCESS.
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    Interested parties who wish to be added to the annual inquiry 
service list for an order must submit an entry of appearance to the 
annual inquiry service list segment for the order in ACCESS within 30 
days after the date of publication of the order. For ease of 
administration, Commerce requests that law firms with more than one 
attorney representing interested parties in an order designate a lead 
attorney to be included on the annual inquiry service list. Commerce 
will finalize the annual inquiry service list within five business days 
thereafter. As mentioned in the Procedural Guidance, \12\ the new 
annual inquiry service list will be in place until the following year, 
when the Opportunity Notice for the anniversary month of the order is 
published.
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    \12\ See Procedural Guidance, 86 FR at 53206.
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    Commerce may update an annual inquiry service list at any time as 
needed based on interested parties' amendments to their entries of 
appearance to remove or otherwise modify their list of members and 
representatives, or to update contact information. Any changes or 
announcements pertaining to these procedures will be posted to the 
ACCESS website at <a href="https://access.trade.gov">https://access.trade.gov</a>.

Special Instructions for Petitioners and Foreign Governments

    In the Final Rule, Commerce stated that, ``after an initial request 
and placement on the annual inquiry service list, both petitioners and 
foreign governments will automatically be placed on the annual inquiry 
service list in the years that follow.'' \13\ Accordingly, as stated 
above, the petitioner and the Government of China (GOC) should submit 
their initial entries of appearance after publication of this notice in 
order to appear in the first annual inquiry service lists for these 
orders for which they qualify as interested parties. Pursuant to 19 CFR 
351.225(n)(3), the petitioner and the GOC will not need to resubmit 
their entries of appearance each year to continue to be included on the 
annual inquiry service list. However, the petitioner and the GOC are 
responsible for making amendments to their entries of appearance during 
the annual update to the annual inquiry service list in accordance with 
the procedures described above.
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    \13\ See Final Rule, 86 FR at 52335.
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Notifications to Interested Parties

    This notice constitutes the AD and CVD orders with respect to 
vanillin from China pursuant to section 736(a) and 706(a) of the Act. 
Interested parties can find a list of AD and CVD orders currently in 
effect at <a href="https://www.trade.gov/data-visualization/adcvd-proceedings">https://www.trade.gov/data-visualization/adcvd-proceedings</a>.
    These orders are published in accordance with sections 736(a) and 
706(a) of the Act, and 19 CFR 351.211(b).

    Dated: July 23, 2025.
Christopher Abbott,
Deputy Assistant Secretary for Policy and Negotiations, performing the 
non-exclusive functions and duties of the Assistant Secretary for 
Enforcement and Compliance.

Appendix

Scope of the Orders

    The merchandise covered by these orders is vanillin, with the 
molecular formula C<INF>8</INF>H<INF>8</INF>O<INF>3</INF> or 
C<INF>9</INF>H<INF>10</INF>O<INF>3</INF>. Merchandise subject to 
these orders consists of natural vanillin, synthetic vanillin, bio-
sourced synthetic vanillin (biovanillin) (each also known as 4-
Hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde), and ethylvanillin (also known as 3-
Ethoxy-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde). Vanillin covered by these orders is a 
chemical compound with the Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) number 
121-33-5 or 121-32-4. Vanillin is covered by these orders regardless 
of whether it is in a crystalline powder or crystal form. Vanillin 
is covered by the scope of these orders, irrespective of purity, 
particle size, or physical form.
    Merchandise subject to these orders is specified within the 
Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (HTSUS) under 
subheading 2912.41.0000 and 2912.42.0000. The HTSUS subheadings and 
CAS registry numbers are provided for convenience and customs 
purposes only. The written description of the merchandise covered by 
these orders is dispositive.

[FR Doc. 2025-14213 Filed 7-25-25; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 3510-DS-P


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Indexed from Federal Register on July 28, 2025.

This is legal information, not legal advice. Laws vary by jurisdiction and change frequently. Always verify current law with official sources and consult a licensed attorney in your jurisdiction for advice on your specific situation.