Rule2025-12240

Establishing the Digital Opportunity Data Collection; Modernizing the FCC Form 477 Data Program

Primary source

Metadata and text below are from the Federal Register, a public-domain U.S. government work. Always verify the official published version before relying on it for any legal matter.

Published
July 1, 2025
Effective
July 1, 2025

Issuing agencies

Federal Communications Commission

Abstract

In this document, the Federal Communications Commission (Commission) eliminates the professional engineer certification requirement for the biannual Broadband Data Collection filings and instead allows the biannual filings to be certified by a qualified engineer that has relevant minimum experience and education.

Full Text

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<title>Federal Register, Volume 90 Issue 124 (Tuesday, July 1, 2025)</title>
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[Federal Register Volume 90, Number 124 (Tuesday, July 1, 2025)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 28032-28043]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [<a href="http://www.gpo.gov">www.gpo.gov</a>]
[FR Doc No: 2025-12240]


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FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION

47 CFR Part 1

[WC Docket Nos. 19-195 and 11-10; FCC 25-34; FR ID 301047]


Establishing the Digital Opportunity Data Collection; Modernizing 
the FCC Form 477 Data Program

AGENCY: Federal Communications Commission.

ACTION: Final rule.

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SUMMARY: In this document, the Federal Communications Commission 
(Commission) eliminates the professional engineer certification 
requirement for the biannual Broadband Data Collection filings and 
instead allows the biannual filings to be certified by a qualified 
engineer that has relevant minimum experience and education.

DATES: Effective July 1, 2025.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Jamile Kadre, Broadband Data Task 
Force, by email at <a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#b8d2d9d5d1d4dd96d3d9dccaddf8dedbdb96dfd7ce"><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="f993989490959cd792989d8b9cb99f9a9ad79e968f">[email&#160;protected]</span></a> or by phone at (202) 418-2245.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: This is a summary of the Commission's Report 
and Order, in WC Docket Nos. 19-195 and 11-10, FCC 25-34, adopted on 
June 26, 2025, and released on June 26, 2025. The full text of this 
document is available online at <a href="https://www.fcc.gov/document/fcc-takes-steps-streamline-broadband-data-collection">https://www.fcc.gov/document/fcc-takes-steps-streamline-broadband-data-collection</a>.
    To request this document in accessible formats for people with 
disabilities (e.g., Braille, large print, electronic files, audio 
format) or to request reasonable accommodations (e.g., accessible 
format documents, sign language interpreters, CART), send an email to 
<a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#6f090c0c5a5f5b2f090c0c41080019"><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="accacfcf999c98eccacfcf82cbc3da">[email&#160;protected]</span></a> or call the FCC's Consumer and Governmental Affairs 
Bureau at (202) 418-0530.

Final Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 Analysis

    The rulemaking required under the Broadband DATA Act is exempt from 
review by Office of Management and Budget (OMB) and from the 
requirements of the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (PRA), Public Law 
104-13. As a result, the Report and Order will not be submitted to OMB 
for review under section 3507(d) of the PRA.

Congressional Review Act

    The Commission will send a copy of the Report and Order to Congress 
and the Government Accountability Office pursuant to the Congressional 
Review Act, see 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A).

Synopsis

    In this Order, the Commission takes steps to alleviate unnecessary 
regulatory burdens on broadband internet access service providers while 
ensuring that the Commission continues to receive accurate, granular 
data on broadband internet access service availability and quality of 
service as part of the Broadband Data Collection (BDC). Accurate BDC 
data enables the Commission, other federal agencies, state, local, and 
Tribal governments, and other interested stakeholders to carefully 
target resources to the locations where broadband services are needed 
most.
    The Broadband Deployment Accuracy and Technological Availability 
Act (Broadband DATA Act) requires fixed broadband service providers to 
report broadband availability on a location-by-location basis and 
mobile wireless broadband service providers to report their coverage 
areas using standardized propagation modeling parameters. Consistent 
with the Broadband DATA Act's requirement that submissions include a 
certification from a corporate officer of the provider that the data 
are true and correct, the Commission requires providers to have a 
corporate officer and either a corporate engineering officer or 
certified professional engineer (PE) certify their filings.
    Today, the Commission takes an important step to alleviate the 
regulatory burden that a professional engineer certify a provider's BDC 
biannual filings. Specifically, in response to concerns about the 
unavailability of professional engineers and the unnecessary costs and 
other burdens the requirement places on filers, this Fifth Report and 
Order eliminates the professional engineer certification requirement 
and replaces it with a requirement that biannual filings be certified 
by a qualified engineer (as defined herein).
    The Broadband DATA Act requires internet service providers to 
``include in each [BDC] submission a certification from a corporate 
officer of the provider that the officer has examined the information 
contained in the submission and that, to the best of the officer's 
actual knowledge, information, and belief, all statements of fact 
contained in the submission are true and correct.'' In addition to the 
corporate officer certification, and in an effort to adopt appropriate 
measures to ensure that providers engage in sufficient analysis of 
their data and submit accurate information to the BDC, the Commission 
also adopted a requirement that providers submit certifications to the 
accuracy of their biannual submissions by a certified professional 
engineer or a corporate engineering officer. For purposes of this 
requirement, a ``certified professional engineer'' is an engineer 
possessing a professional license by virtue of completing or passing 
multiple educational and testing requirements so as to earn a license 
from a state licensure board.
    For every BDC biannual filing period to date, WCB, OEA, and WTB 
have waived the professional engineering certification requirement. In 
May 2022, before the first BDC filing window opened, the Competitive 
Carriers Association (CCA) filed a Petition for Declaratory Ruling or 
Limited Waiver, requesting that the Commission clarify that a BDC 
filing may be certified by either a professional engineer or an 
otherwise-qualified engineer who does not hold a professional license. 
In its Petition, CCA noted that ``[t]he [Radio Frequency (RF)] 
engineering community is characterized by a scarcity of licensed 
[professional engineers (PEs)]'' because ``[s]tate professional 
licensing boards issue PE licenses based on the fulfillment of state-
specific education, examination, and experience requirements [and] 
states have generally not required PE licensure for RF engineers.'' CCA 
continued that ``[t]he experience and expertise developed by RF 
engineers through their work provides comprehensive skills relevant to 
broadband deployment [and] . . . provides skills comparable to, and 
perhaps more relevant than, general licensure through the PE . . . exam 
process.''

[[Page 28033]]

    Subsequently, WCB, OEA, and WTB issued a Declaratory Ruling and 
Limited Waiver granting CCA's request for the first three filing cycles 
of the BDC. In the Declaratory Ruling, the Bureaus and Office clarified 
that when a fixed or mobile provider submits a certification from a 
corporate engineering officer, such corporate engineering officer does 
not need to be a certified professional engineer. In the Limited 
Waiver, the Bureaus and Office waived the requirement that a fixed or 
mobile provider submit a certification from a ``certified professional 
engineer,'' allowing instead the submission of a certification 
completed by an otherwise-qualified engineer. WCB, OEA, and WTB found 
that ``the lack of certified professional engineers specializing in RF 
engineering and broadband network design constitutes `special 
circumstances' that warrant a deviation from the general rule that 
certified professional engineers must certify the accuracy of 
providers' biannual BDC broadband data submissions.'' The Limited 
Waiver specified that an otherwise-qualified engineer must meet certain 
minimum qualifications in lieu of state professional engineering 
licensure in order to certify a BDC filing:
    <bullet> A bachelor's or postgraduate degree in electrical 
engineering, electronic technology, or another similar technical 
discipline, and at least seven years of relevant experience in 
broadband network design and/or performance; or
    <bullet> Specialized training relevant to broadband network 
engineering and design, deployment, and/or performance, and at least 
ten years of relevant experience in broadband network engineering, 
design, and/or performance.
    In August 2023, CCA and USTelecom-The Broadband Association sought 
an extension of the Limited Waiver, arguing that circumstances had not 
changed for the industry in the year since the 2022 BDC PE Order was 
issued. In November 2023, WCB, OEA, and WTB granted the request and 
extended the Limited Waiver for another three filing cycles (i.e., data 
as of December 31, 2023, June 30, 2024, and December 31, 2024), subject 
to certain conditions. The conditions outlined in the extension are 
that ``any provider availing itself of this waiver must: (1) have its 
BDC submissions certified by an engineering professional with the 
qualifications specified in the [2022 BDC PE Order]; (2) preserve, for 
the applicable `as-of' filing date(s), certain categories of underlying 
network information for each submission filed under the waiver; and (3) 
upon request, expeditiously provide this network information to the 
Commission.''
    In July 2024, the Commission sought comment on whether it should 
eliminate the professional engineering certification requirement and 
proposed that all providers be required to retain their infrastructure 
data in support of their biannual submissions upon request as part of 
the Commission's efforts to validate availability data. The Commission 
proposed to permanently eliminate the requirement under Sec.  1.7004(d) 
that an engineering certification, to the extent not submitted by a 
corporate engineering officer, must be submitted by a certified 
professional engineer. Under its proposal, the Commission would amend 
the rule to state that all providers must submit a certification to the 
accuracy of their submissions by a ``qualified engineer,'' consistent 
with the engineering qualifications that WCB, OEA, and WTB adopted in 
the 2022 BDC PE Order and the PE Waiver Extension Order. Additionally, 
the Commission proposed to further modify the rule to clarify that a 
certifying engineer does not necessarily need to be a full-time 
employee of the broadband service provider but instead could be an 
independent contractor or third-party consultant. The Commission noted 
that, in light of the other mechanisms available to the Commission, 
such as system validations and the existing corporate officer 
certification, a certification by a certified professional engineer was 
not necessary to ensure the submission of high-quality data as part of 
the BDC.
    The Commission adopts the proposal to amend Sec.  1.7004(d) to 
eliminate the requirement that an engineering certification, to the 
extent not submitted by a corporate engineering officer, must be 
submitted by a certified professional engineer and instead require 
certification by a ``qualified engineer'' as outlined in the waiver 
orders issued by the Bureaus and Office. Specifically, the Commission 
will allow an engineer to certify BDC biannual data filings if the 
engineer is: (i) a corporate officer possessing a Bachelor of Science 
(B.S.) degree in engineering and who has direct knowledge of and 
responsibility for the carrier's network design and construction; (ii) 
an engineer possessing a bachelor's or post-graduate degree in 
electrical engineering, electronic engineering, or another similar 
technical discipline, and at least seven years of relevant experience 
in broadband network design and/or performance; or (iii) an employee or 
agent with specialized training relevant to broadband network 
engineering and design, deployment, and/or performance, and at least 10 
years of relevant experience in broadband network engineering, design, 
and/or performance. The Commission continues to believe that it is 
necessary to retain an engineering certification requirement because 
the Broadband DATA Act requires the Commission to collect accurate 
broadband data. As the Commission previously noted, providers should be 
engaging in the analysis required to confirm that their data are 
accurate, so certifying that this analysis has been conducted should 
not unduly burden providers.
    The Commission finds that the qualified engineer standard outlined 
above, in combination with the Commission's verification and audit 
authority and challenges from the public, provides the Commission with 
the necessary tools to ensure that BDC data are accurate and timely. 
The standard the Commission adopts ensures that a capable and qualified 
engineer will review and certify the accuracy of a provider's 
submission and that filers have engaged in the analysis necessary to 
meet Congress's objective of developing more accurate data, consistent 
with the Commission's reasons for adopting the engineering 
certification in the Third Report and Order. To that end, the 
Commission agrees with the Bureaus and Office's rationale for adopting 
the specific qualifications in the 2022 BDC PE Order, and find that the 
degree requirements for corporate engineering officers and certifying 
engineers described in (i) and (ii) above, along with the years of 
experience required for the certifying engineers described in (ii) and 
(iii) above and the requirement that the certifying engineer ``has 
direct knowledge of, or responsibility for, the generation of the 
provider's Broadband Data Collection filing'' creates a rigorous 
certification standard that achieves the same goals as the professional 
engineering certification requirement. The Commission agrees with 
commenters that this standard has been tested under the prior two 
waiver orders, and note the record in this proceeding and the two 
waivers supports our view that otherwise qualified engineers are highly 
expert and that their review and certification of BDC filings has been 
no less stringent than under the professional engineering certification 
requirement because otherwise-qualified engineers are required to have 
a high level of technical expertise, practical experience, and intimate 
knowledge of providers' networks. The amended

[[Page 28034]]

standard provides relief for some providers from the burden of having a 
professional engineer certify filings, without sacrificing high-quality 
expert review and certification of BDC filings or the accuracy of 
submitted data.
    As discussed in the 2022 BDC PE Order, the minimum qualifications 
the Commission adopts create a more efficient process while ensuring 
that qualified engineers review BDC submissions, which will help 
providers to submit their filings on a timely basis because they will 
not need to identify and retain a certified professional engineer to 
analyze their biannual filings. In 2022 BDC PE Waiver Order, the 
Bureaus and Office examined the reported burdens associated with the 
professional engineering certification requirement and found that 
special circumstances existed to warrant a limited waiver of Sec.  
1.7004(d) based on the insufficient number of available certified 
professional engineers with relevant expertise, and again in the PE 
Waiver Extension Order found that ``[t]he . . . lack of PEs to certify 
BDC filings threatens to undermine the goal of collecting and 
developing accurate broadband availability data.'' Industry commenters 
in this proceeding overwhelmingly note that there continues to be a 
shortage of certified professional engineers with expertise in RF 
engineering and broadband network design, and NRECA and WISPA 
particularly emphasize the significant challenges that small ISPs face 
in meeting any certified professional engineering requirement. The 
Commission finds the reported burdens associated with the professional 
engineering certification requirement--namely the reported ongoing 
shortage of professional engineers with relevant experience in the 
fields of RF engineering and broadband network design--to be 
compelling. The standard the Commission adopts both promotes efficiency 
and furthers the goals of the BDC by offering providers who may 
experience difficulty finding a professional engineer to certify their 
filings the flexibility to certify using a different, yet still highly 
trained and experienced, engineer.
    While some commenters support retaining the professional 
engineering certification requirement, the Commission does not find 
these arguments persuasive. ACE--Association of Communication Engineers 
(ACE) claims that there is not, in fact, a shortage of professional 
engineers. However, neither ACE nor any other commenter provides 
evidence that there are sufficient professional engineers who also have 
the relevant experience in the fields of RF engineering and broadband 
network design available to review and certify the over 2,500 BDC 
filings that are submitted every six months from thousands of distinct 
providers. As discussed, the waiver standard the Commission adopts 
today ensures that a highly trained and experienced engineer will 
continue to certify providers' BDC filings. Given this fact, and in 
light of the conflicting evidence in the record suggesting that there 
continues to be a professional engineer shortage, the Commission finds 
that the need to increase efficiency and reduce unnecessary burdens in 
the BDC processes outweighs the need for an engineer to hold a 
professional license in order to certify BDC filings. Some commenters 
are also concerned that without the professional engineering 
certification requirement, there will not be sufficient accountability 
for providers filing data, or that the data would be less accurate 
because it would lack review by a professional engineer. The Commission 
is not persuaded by these arguments because the Commission has always, 
and will continue to, require certification by a corporate officer (as 
mandated by the Broadband DATA Act) as well as a qualified engineer. 
The qualifications outlined above for the engineering certification 
require expertise and experience with broadband network design and 
information that is relevant to the BDC, and the certification 
requirements, when taken together, go above and beyond to ensure both 
accountability and accuracy for BDC submissions.
    Some commenters suggest that if a professional engineering 
certification is unduly burdensome for an individual provider, it 
should file a waiver request as a remedy, rather than modifying the 
rule for all providers. However, reviewing and granting individual 
waiver requests for potentially hundreds of providers for each BDC 
biannual filing period would be administratively burdensome both for 
the Commission and the industry. Furthermore, relying on individual 
waivers would cause regulatory uncertainty and inconsistencies amongst 
data filed by different providers that could cause confusion to users 
of the National Broadband Map. The Commission finds that clarity and 
consistency amongst provider-reported data is an important 
consideration that warrants implementing clear and consistent 
certification requirements to the extent possible. Therefore, the 
Commission permanently eliminates the professional engineering 
certification requirement.
    Consistent with the Commission's proposal in the Fourth Further 
Notice, the Commission further modifies the rule to clarify that a 
certifying engineer does not necessarily need to be a full-time 
employee of the broadband service provider, but instead could be an 
independent contractor or third-party consultant. ACE--Association of 
Communications Engineers comments that if the Commission does not 
require a PE to certify BDC filings, then ``the one certifying the 
[National Broadband Map] must be an employee/officer of the company'' 
because it would provide a legal tie to the service provider. The 
Commission notes that each BDC filing must still include ``a 
certification signed by a corporate officer of the provider that the 
officer has examined the information contained in the submission and 
that, to the best of the officer's actual knowledge, information, and 
belief, all statements of fact contained in the submission are true and 
correct.'' The Commission also maintains the requirement that the 
certifying engineer ``has direct knowledge of, or responsibility for, 
the generation of the provider's Broadband Data Collection filing.'' 
The Commission finds that both of these requirements ensure a legal 
nexus between the service provider and those certifying the filings. By 
clarifying that broadband service providers may utilize the resources 
of consulting engineers, the Commission ensures that smaller providers 
who may not have in-house engineering expertise are able to comply with 
the engineering certification requirements of the BDC.
    In their comments on the Fourth Further Notice, T-Mobile and CTIA 
argue that elimination of the professional engineering certification 
requirement should not be used as a justification for a new data-
retention requirement. The Commission agrees. However, the Commission 
reminds providers that it will continue to use the other tools at its 
disposal to ensure the accuracy of BDC data. This includes its ongoing 
efforts to verify and audit BDC data, which may involve requesting from 
providers, where warranted, supporting infrastructure and/or on-the-
ground test data from a filer as part of those efforts.
    The Commission finds that its amendment to Sec.  1.7004(d) relieves 
a restriction (i.e., it eliminates the professional engineer 
certification requirement), and therefore the amended rule will be 
effective upon publication of this Order in the Federal Register, 
rather than being made effective 30 days after publication. As

[[Page 28035]]

an independent basis for this effective date, the Commission finds 
there is ``good cause'' to make the rules adopted in this Order 
effective upon publication in the Federal Register in order to provide 
the maximum amount of notice of this rule change to providers preparing 
to submit BDC data during the upcoming filing window. Providing a 30-
day period after Federal Register publication before this Order becomes 
effective as normally required by 5 U.S.C. 553(d) would not allow 
sufficient time for providers to be made aware of the rule change 
before the opening of the next BDC filing window for data as of June 
30, 2025, which typically opens on July 1, or the next business day 
thereafter. Providing earlier notice of the elimination of the 
professional engineer certification requirement would mitigate the risk 
of providers taking on the unnecessary costs and other burdens this 
rule change will relieve as they prepare for the next BDC filing 
window.

Final Regulatory Flexibility Act

    As required by the Regulatory Flexibility Act of 1980, as amended 
(RFA), the Federal Communications Commission (Commission) incorporated 
an Initial Regulatory Flexibility Analysis (IRFA) in the Establishing 
the Digital Opportunity Data Collection; Modernizing the FCC Form 477 
Data Program, Fourth Report and Order and Fourth Further Notice of 
Proposed Rulemaking released in July 2024. The Commission sought 
written public comment on the proposals in the Fourth Notice, including 
comment on the IRFA. No comments were filed addressing the IRFA. This 
Final Regulatory Flexibility Analysis (FRFA) conforms to the RFA and it 
(or summaries thereof) will be published in the Federal Register.

Need for, and Objectives of, the Rules

    In the Fifth Report and Order, the Commission targeted changes to 
further its objective of significantly reducing unnecessary regulatory 
burdens on broadband internet access service providers, thereby 
providing relief to small entities that typically lack both the capital 
and human resources needed to comply without great difficulty. The 
rules adopted in this proceeding provide changes designed to improve 
the processes for filers and further ensure that the Commission 
continues to receive high-quality data through our data collection 
efforts. In addition, the Commission is implementing changes focused on 
addressing its long-standing objective of working towards closing the 
digital divide by improving the processes for filers, some of whom 
consist of small entities. To achieve these objectives, the Fifth 
Report and Order removes the requirement that a provider of broadband 
internet access service submit that their biannual Broadband Data 
Collection (BDC) data has been certified by a certified professional 
engineer (PE), replacing it with a requirement that the data be 
certified by a qualified engineer. This change therefore eases 
compliance burdens.

Summary of Significant Issues Raised by Public Comments in Response to 
the IRFA

    No comments were filed addressing the impact of the proposed rules 
on small entities. However, commenters have previously expressed there 
remains an insufficient supply of certified PEs, and that few companies 
can afford to employ a PE. As a result, the Commission expects the 
Fifth Report and Order's adoption of the qualified engineer standard 
will have a positive impact on small entities, as their compliance with 
that standard will be easier and, given their limited resources, more 
cost-effective.

Response to Comments by the Chief Counsel for Advocacy of the Small 
Business Administration

    Pursuant to the Small Business Jobs Act of 2010, which amended the 
RFA, the Commission is required to respond to any comments filed by the 
Chief Counsel for Advocacy of the Small Business Administration (SBA), 
and provide a detailed statement of any change made to the proposed 
rules as a result of those comments. The Chief Counsel did not file any 
comments in response to the proposed rules in this proceeding.

Description and Estimate of the Number of Small Entities to Which the 
Rules Will Apply

    The RFA directs agencies to provide a description of, and where 
feasible, an estimate of the number of small entities that may be 
affected by the rules adopted herein. The RFA generally defines the 
term ``small entity'' as having the same meaning as under the Small 
Business Act. In addition, the term ``small business'' has the same 
meaning as the term ``small business concern'' under the Small Business 
Act.'' A ``small business concern'' is one which: (1) is independently 
owned and operated; (2) is not dominant in its field of operation; and 
(3) satisfies any additional criteria established by the SBA.
    Small Businesses, Small Organizations, Small Governmental 
Jurisdictions. Our actions, over time, may affect small entities that 
are not easily categorized at present. The Commission therefore 
describes, at the outset, three broad groups of small entities that 
could be directly affected herein. First, while there are industry 
specific size standards for small businesses that are used in the 
regulatory flexibility analysis, according to data from the Small 
Business Administration's (SBA) Office of Advocacy, in general a small 
business is an independent business having fewer than 500 employees. 
These types of small businesses represent 99.9% of all businesses in 
the United States, which translates to 34.75 million businesses.
    Next, the type of small entity described as a ``small 
organization'' is generally ``any not-for-profit enterprise which is 
independently owned and operated and is not dominant in its field.'' 
The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) uses a revenue benchmark of $50,000 
or less to delineate its annual electronic filing requirements for 
small exempt organizations. Nationwide, for tax year 2022, there were 
approximately 530,109 small exempt organizations in the U.S. reporting 
revenues of $50,000 or less according to the registration and tax data 
for exempt organizations available from the IRS.
    Finally, the small entity described as a ``small governmental 
jurisdiction'' is defined generally as ``governments of cities, 
counties, towns, townships, villages, school districts, or special 
districts, with a population of less than fifty thousand.'' U.S. Census 
Bureau data from the 2022 Census of Governments indicate there were 
90,837 local governmental jurisdictions consisting of general purpose 
governments and special purpose governments in the United States. Of 
this number, there were 36,845 general purpose governments (county, 
municipal, and town or township) with populations of less than 50,000 
and 11,879 special purpose governments (independent school districts) 
with enrollment populations of less than 50,000. Accordingly, based on 
the 2022 U.S. Census of Governments data, the Commission estimates that 
at least 48,724 entities fall into the category of ``small governmental 
jurisdictions.''

Broadband Internet Access Service Providers

    The broadband internet access service provider industry has changed 
since the definition was introduced in 2007. The data cited below may 
therefore include entities that no longer provide broadband internet 
access service and may exclude entities that now provide such service. 
To ensure that this FRFA

[[Page 28036]]

describes the universe of small entities that our action might affect, 
the Commission discusses in turn several different types of entities 
that might be providing broadband internet access service. The 
Commission notes that, although the Commission has no specific 
information on the number of small entities that provide broadband 
internet access service over unlicensed spectrum, the Commission 
included these entities in our Initial Regulatory Flexibility Analysis.
    Wired Broadband Internet Access Service Providers (Wired ISPs). 
Providers of wired broadband internet access service include various 
types of providers except dial-up internet access providers. Wireline 
service that terminates at an end user location or mobile device and 
enables the end user to receive information from and/or send 
information to the internet at information transfer rates exceeding 200 
kilobits per second (kbps) in at least one direction is classified as a 
broadband connection under the Commission's rules. Wired broadband 
internet services fall in the Wired Telecommunications Carriers 
industry. The SBA small business size standard for this industry 
classifies firms having 1,500 or fewer employees as small. U.S. Census 
Bureau data for 2017 show that there were 3,054 firms that operated in 
this industry for the entire year. Of this number, 2,964 firms operated 
with fewer than 250 employees.
    Additionally, according to Commission data on internet access 
services as of June 30, 2019, nationwide there were approximately 2,747 
providers of connections over 200 kbps in at least one direction using 
various wireline technologies. The Commission does not collect data on 
the number of employees for providers of these services; therefore, at 
this time the Commission is not able to estimate the number of 
providers that would qualify as small under the SBA's small business 
size standard. However, in light of the general data on fixed 
technology service providers in the Commission's 2022 Communications 
Marketplace Report, the Commission believes that the majority of 
wireline internet access service providers can be considered small 
entities.
    Internet Service Providers (Non-Broadband). internet access service 
providers using client-supplied telecommunications connections (e.g., 
dial-up ISPs) as well as VoIP service providers using client-supplied 
telecommunications connections fall in the industry classification of 
All Other Telecommunications. The SBA small business size standard for 
this industry classifies firms with annual receipts of $40 million or 
less as small. For this industry, U.S. Census Bureau data for 2017 show 
that there were 1,079 firms in this industry that operated for the 
entire year. Of those firms, 1,039 had revenue of less than $25 
million. Consequently, under the SBA size standard a majority of firms 
in this industry can be considered small.

Wireline Providers

    Local Exchange Carriers (LECs). Neither the Commission nor the SBA 
has developed a size standard for small businesses specifically 
applicable to local exchange services. Providers of these services 
include both incumbent and competitive local exchange service 
providers. Wired Telecommunications Carriers is the closest industry 
with an SBA small business size standard. Wired Telecommunications 
Carriers are also referred to as wireline carriers or fixed local 
service providers. The SBA small business size standard for Wired 
Telecommunications Carriers classifies firms having 1,500 or fewer 
employees as small. U.S. Census Bureau data for 2017 show that there 
were 3,054 firms that operated in this industry for the entire year. Of 
this number, 2,964 firms operated with fewer than 250 employees. 
Additionally, based on Commission data in the 2022 Universal Service 
Monitoring Report, as of December 31, 2021, there were 4,590 providers 
that reported they were fixed local exchange service providers. Of 
these providers, the Commission estimates that 4,146 providers have 
1,500 or fewer employees. Consequently, using the SBA's small business 
size standard, most of these providers can be considered small 
entities.
    Incumbent Local Exchange Carriers (Incumbent LECs). Neither the 
Commission nor the SBA has developed a small business size standard 
specifically for incumbent local exchange carriers. Wired 
Telecommunications Carriers is the closest industry with an SBA small 
business size standard. The SBA small business size standard for Wired 
Telecommunications Carriers classifies firms having 1,500 or fewer 
employees as small. U.S. Census Bureau data for 2017 show that there 
were 3,054 firms in this industry that operated for the entire year. Of 
this number, 2,964 firms operated with fewer than 250 employees. 
Additionally, based on Commission data in the 2022 Universal Service 
Monitoring Report, as of December 31, 2021, there were 1,212 providers 
that reported they were incumbent local exchange service providers. Of 
these providers, the Commission estimates that 916 providers have 1,500 
or fewer employees. Consequently, using the SBA's small business size 
standard, the Commission estimates that the majority of incumbent local 
exchange carriers can be considered small entities.
    Competitive Local Exchange Carriers (CLECs). Neither the Commission 
nor the SBA has developed a size standard for small businesses 
specifically applicable to local exchange services. Providers of these 
services include several types of competitive local exchange service 
providers. Wired Telecommunications Carriers is the closest industry 
with a SBA small business size standard. The SBA small business size 
standard for Wired Telecommunications Carriers classifies firms having 
1,500 or fewer employees as small. U.S. Census Bureau data for 2017 
show that there were 3,054 firms that operated in this industry for the 
entire year. Of this number, 2,964 firms operated with fewer than 250 
employees. Additionally, based on Commission data in the 2022 Universal 
Service Monitoring Report, as of December 31, 2021, there were 3,378 
providers that reported they were competitive local service providers. 
Of these providers, the Commission estimates that 3,230 providers have 
1,500 or fewer employees. Consequently, using the SBA's small business 
size standard, most of these providers can be considered small 
entities.
    Interexchange Carriers (IXCs). Neither the Commission nor the SBA 
has developed a small business size standard specifically for 
Interexchange Carriers. Wired Telecommunications Carriers is the 
closest industry with a SBA small business size standard. The SBA small 
business size standard for Wired Telecommunications Carriers classifies 
firms having 1,500 or fewer employees as small. U.S. Census Bureau data 
for 2017 show that there were 3,054 firms that operated in this 
industry for the entire year. Of this number, 2,964 firms operated with 
fewer than 250 employees. Additionally, based on Commission data in the 
2022 Universal Service Monitoring Report, as of December 31, 2021, 
there were 127 providers that reported they were engaged in the 
provision of interexchange services. Of these providers, the Commission 
estimates that 109 providers have 1,500 or fewer employees. 
Consequently, using the SBA's small business size standard, the 
Commission estimates that the majority of providers in this industry 
can be considered small entities.

[[Page 28037]]

    Operator Service Providers (OSPs). Neither the Commission nor the 
SBA has developed a small business size standard specifically for 
operator service providers. The closest applicable industry with a SBA 
small business size standard is Wired Telecommunications Carriers. The 
SBA small business size standard classifies a business as small if it 
has 1,500 or fewer employees. U.S. Census Bureau data for 2017 show 
that there were 3,054 firms in this industry that operated for the 
entire year. Of this number, 2,964 firms operated with fewer than 250 
employees. Additionally, based on Commission data in the 2022 Universal 
Service Monitoring Report, as of December 31, 2021, there were 20 
providers that reported they were engaged in the provision of operator 
services. Of these providers, the Commission estimates that all 20 
providers have 1,500 or fewer employees. Consequently, using the SBA's 
small business size standard, all of these providers can be considered 
small entities.
    Other Toll Carriers. Neither the Commission nor the SBA has 
developed a definition for small businesses specifically applicable to 
Other Toll Carriers. This category includes toll carriers that do not 
fall within the categories of interexchange carriers, operator service 
providers, prepaid calling card providers, satellite service carriers, 
or toll resellers. Wired Telecommunications Carriers is the closest 
industry with a SBA small business size standard. The SBA small 
business size standard for Wired Telecommunications Carriers classifies 
firms having 1,500 or fewer employees as small. U.S. Census Bureau data 
for 2017 show that there were 3,054 firms in this industry that 
operated for the entire year. Of this number, 2,964 firms operated with 
fewer than 250 employees. Additionally, based on Commission data in the 
2022 Universal Service Monitoring Report, as of December 31, 2021, 
there were 90 providers that reported they were engaged in the 
provision of other toll services. Of these providers, the Commission 
estimates that 87 providers have 1,500 or fewer employees. 
Consequently, using the SBA's small business size standard, most of 
these providers can be considered small entities.

Wireless Providers--Fixed and Mobile

    The broadband internet access service provider category covered by 
these new rules may cover multiple wireless firms and categories of 
regulated wireless services. Thus, to the extent the wireless services 
listed below are used by wireless firms for broadband internet access 
service, the actions may have an impact on those small businesses as 
set forth above and further below. In addition, for those services 
subject to auctions, the Commission notes that, as a general matter, 
the number of winning bidders that claim to qualify as small businesses 
at the close of an auction does not necessarily represent the number of 
small businesses currently in service. Also, the Commission does not 
generally track subsequent business size unless, in the context of 
assignments and transfers or reportable eligibility events, unjust 
enrichment issues are implicated.
    Wired Telecommunications Carriers. The U.S. Census Bureau defines 
this industry as establishments primarily engaged in operating and/or 
providing access to transmission facilities and infrastructure that 
they own and/or lease for the transmission of voice, data, text, sound, 
and video using wired communications networks. Transmission facilities 
may be based on a single technology or a combination of technologies. 
Establishments in this industry use the wired telecommunications 
network facilities that they operate to provide a variety of services, 
such as wired telephony services, including VoIP services, wired 
(cable) audio and video programming distribution, and wired broadband 
internet services. By exception, establishments providing satellite 
television distribution services using facilities and infrastructure 
that they operate are included in this industry. Wired 
Telecommunications Carriers are also referred to as wireline carriers 
or fixed local service providers.
    The SBA small business size standard for Wired Telecommunications 
Carriers classifies firms having 1,500 or fewer employees as small. 
U.S. Census Bureau data for 2017 show that there were 3,054 firms that 
operated in this industry for the entire year. Of this number, 2,964 
firms operated with fewer than 250 employees. Additionally, based on 
Commission data in the 2022 Universal Service Monitoring Report, as of 
December 31, 2021, there were 4,590 providers that reported they were 
engaged in the provision of fixed local services. Of these providers, 
the Commission estimates that 4,146 providers have 1,500 or fewer 
employees. Consequently, using the SBA's small business size standard, 
most of these providers can be considered small entities.
    Wireless Communications Services. Wireless Communications Services 
(WCS) can be used for a variety of fixed, mobile, radiolocation, and 
digital audio broadcasting satellite services. Wireless spectrum is 
made available and licensed for the provision of wireless 
communications services in several frequency bands subject to Part 27 
of the Commission's rules. Wireless Telecommunications Carriers (except 
Satellite) is the closest industry with an SBA small business size 
standard applicable to these services. The SBA small business size 
standard for this industry classifies a business as small if it has 
1,500 or fewer employees. U.S. Census Bureau data for 2017 show that 
there were 2,893 firms that operated in this industry for the entire 
year. Of this number, 2,837 firms employed fewer than 250 employees. 
Thus under the SBA size standard, the Commission estimates that a 
majority of licensees in this industry can be considered small.
    The Commission's small business size standards with respect to WCS 
involve eligibility for bidding credits and installment payments in the 
auction of licenses for the various frequency bands included in WCS. 
When bidding credits are adopted for the auction of licenses in WCS 
frequency bands, such credits may be available to several types of 
small businesses based average gross revenues (small, very small and 
entrepreneur) pursuant to the competitive bidding rules adopted in 
conjunction with the requirements for the auction and/or as identified 
in the designated entities section in Part 27 of the Commission's rules 
for the specific WCS frequency bands.
    In frequency bands where licenses were subject to auction, the 
Commission notes that as a general matter, the number of winning 
bidders that qualify as small businesses at the close of an auction 
does not necessarily represent the number of small businesses currently 
in service. Further, the Commission does not generally track subsequent 
business size unless, in the context of assignments or transfers, 
unjust enrichment issues are implicated. Additionally, since the 
Commission does not collect data on the number of employees for 
licensees providing these services, at this time the Commission is not 
able to estimate the number of licensees with active licenses that 
would qualify as small under the SBA's small business size standard.
    1670-1675 MHz Services. These wireless communications services can 
be used for fixed and mobile uses, except aeronautical mobile. Wireless 
Telecommunications Carriers (except Satellite) is the closest industry 
with an SBA small business size standard applicable to these services. 
The SBA size standard for this industry classifies a business as small 
if it has 1,500 or

[[Page 28038]]

fewer employees. U.S. Census Bureau data for 2017 show that there were 
2,893 firms that operated in this industry for the entire year. Of this 
number, 2,837 firms employed fewer than 250 employees. Thus under the 
SBA size standard, the Commission estimates that a majority of 
licensees in this industry can be considered small.
    According to Commission data as of November 2021, there were three 
active licenses in this service. The Commission's small business size 
standards with respect to 1670-1675 MHz Services involve eligibility 
for bidding credits and installment payments in the auction of licenses 
for these services. For licenses in the 1670-1675 MHz service band, a 
``small business'' is defined as an entity that, together with its 
affiliates and controlling interests, has average gross revenues not 
exceeding $40 million for the preceding three years, and a ``very small 
business'' is defined as an entity that, together with its affiliates 
and controlling interests, has had average annual gross revenues not 
exceeding $15 million for the preceding three years. The 1670-1675 MHz 
service band auction's winning bidder did not claim small business 
status.
    In frequency bands where licenses were subject to auction, the 
Commission notes that as a general matter, the number of winning 
bidders that qualify as small businesses at the close of an auction 
does not necessarily represent the number of small businesses currently 
in service. Further, the Commission does not generally track subsequent 
business size unless, in the context of assignments or transfers, 
unjust enrichment issues are implicated. Additionally, since the 
Commission does not collect data on the number of employees for 
licensees providing these services, at this time the Commission is not 
able to estimate the number of licensees with active licenses that 
would qualify as small under the SBA's small business size standard
    Wireless Telephony. Wireless telephony includes cellular, personal 
communications services, and specialized mobile radio telephony 
carriers. The closest applicable industry with an SBA small business 
size standard is Wireless Telecommunications Carriers (except 
Satellite). The size standard for this industry under SBA rules is that 
a business is small if it has 1,500 or fewer employees. For this 
industry, U.S. Census Bureau data for 2017 show that there were 2,893 
firms that operated for the entire year. Of this number, 2,837 firms 
employed fewer than 250 employees. Additionally, based on Commission 
data in the 2022 Universal Service Monitoring Report, as of December 
31, 2021, there were 331 providers that reported they were engaged in 
the provision of cellular, personal communications services, and 
specialized mobile radio services. Of these providers, the Commission 
estimates that 255 providers have 1,500 or fewer employees. 
Consequently, using the SBA's small business size standard, most of 
these providers can be considered small entities.
    Broadband Personal Communications Service. The broadband personal 
communications services (PCS) spectrum encompasses services in the 
1850-1910 and 1930-1990 MHz bands. The closest industry with a SBA 
small business size standard applicable to these services is Wireless 
Telecommunications Carriers (except Satellite). The SBA small business 
size standard for this industry classifies a business as small if it 
has 1,500 or fewer employees. U.S. Census Bureau data for 2017 show 
that there were 2,893 firms that operated in this industry for the 
entire year. Of this number, 2,837 firms employed fewer than 250 
employees. Thus under the SBA size standard, the Commission estimates 
that a majority of licensees in this industry can be considered small.
    Based on Commission data as of November 2021, there were 
approximately 5,060 active licenses in the Broadband PCS service. The 
Commission's small business size standards with respect to Broadband 
PCS involve eligibility for bidding credits and installment payments in 
the auction of licenses for these services. In auctions for these 
licenses, the Commission defined ``small business'' as an entity that, 
together with its affiliates and controlling interests, has average 
gross revenues not exceeding $40 million for the preceding three years, 
and a ``very small business'' as an entity that, together with its 
affiliates and controlling interests, has had average annual gross 
revenues not exceeding $15 million for the preceding three years. 
Winning bidders claiming small business credits won Broadband PCS 
licenses in C, D, E, and F Blocks.
    In frequency bands where licenses were subject to auction, the 
Commission notes that as a general matter, the number of winning 
bidders that qualify as small businesses at the close of an auction 
does not necessarily represent the number of small businesses currently 
in service. Further, the Commission does not generally track subsequent 
business size unless, in the context of assignments or transfers, 
unjust enrichment issues are implicated. Additionally, since the 
Commission does not collect data on the number of employees for 
licensees providing these, at this time the Commission is not able to 
estimate the number of licensees with active licenses that would 
qualify as small under the SBA's small business size standard.
    Specialized Mobile Radio Licenses. Special Mobile Radio (SMR) 
licenses allow licensees to provide land mobile communications services 
(other than radiolocation services) in the 800 MHz and 900 MHz spectrum 
bands on a commercial basis including but not limited to services used 
for voice and data communications, paging, and facsimile services, to 
individuals, Federal Government entities, and other entities licensed 
under Part 90 of the Commission's rules. Wireless Telecommunications 
Carriers (except Satellite) is the closest industry with a SBA small 
business size standard applicable to these services. The SBA size 
standard for this industry classifies a business as small if it has 
1,500 or fewer employees. For this industry, U.S. Census Bureau data 
for 2017 show that there were 2,893 firms in this industry that 
operated for the entire year. Of this number, 2,837 firms employed 
fewer than 250 employees. Additionally, based on Commission data in the 
2022 Universal Service Monitoring Report, as of December 31, 2021, 
there were 95 providers that reported they were of SMR (dispatch) 
providers. Of this number, the Commission estimates that all 95 
providers have 1,500 or fewer employees. Consequently, using the SBA's 
small business size standard, these 119 SMR licensees can be considered 
small entities.
    Based on Commission data as of December 2021, there were 3,924 
active SMR licenses. However, since the Commission does not collect 
data on the number of employees for licensees providing SMR services, 
at this time the Commission is not able to estimate the number of 
licensees with active licenses that would qualify as small under the 
SBA's small business size standard. Nevertheless, for purposes of this 
analysis the Commission estimates that the majority of SMR licensees 
can be considered small entities using the SBA's small business size 
standard.
    Lower 700 MHz Band Licenses. The lower 700 MHz band encompasses 
spectrum in the 698-746 MHz frequency bands. Permissible operations in 
these bands include flexible fixed, mobile, and broadcast uses, 
including mobile and other digital new broadcast operation; fixed and 
mobile wireless commercial services (including FDD- and TDD-based 
services); as well as

[[Page 28039]]

fixed and mobile wireless uses for private, internal radio needs, two-
way interactive, cellular, and mobile television broadcasting services. 
Wireless Telecommunications Carriers (except Satellite) is the closest 
industry with a SBA small business size standard applicable to licenses 
providing services in these bands. The SBA small business size standard 
for this industry classifies a business as small if it has 1,500 or 
fewer employees. U.S. Census Bureau data for 2017 show that there were 
2,893 firms that operated in this industry for the entire year. Of this 
number, 2,837 firms employed fewer than 250 employees. Thus under the 
SBA size standard, the Commission estimates that a majority of 
licensees in this industry can be considered small.
    According to Commission data as of December 2021, there were 
approximately 2,824 active Lower 700 MHz Band licenses. The 
Commission's small business size standards with respect to Lower 700 
MHz Band licensees involve eligibility for bidding credits and 
installment payments in the auction of licenses. For auctions of Lower 
700 MHz Band licenses the Commission adopted criteria for three groups 
of small businesses. A very small business was defined as an entity 
that, together with its affiliates and controlling interests, has 
average annual gross revenues not exceeding $15 million for the 
preceding three years, a small business was defined as an entity that, 
together with its affiliates and controlling interests, has average 
gross revenues not exceeding $40 million for the preceding three years, 
and an entrepreneur was defined as an entity that, together with its 
affiliates and controlling interests, has average gross revenues not 
exceeding $3 million for the preceding three years. In auctions for 
Lower 700 MHz Band licenses seventy-two winning bidders claiming a 
small business classification won 329 licenses, twenty-six winning 
bidders claiming a small business classification won 214 licenses, and 
three winning bidders claiming a small business classification won all 
five auctioned licenses.
    In frequency bands where licenses were subject to auction, the 
Commission notes that as a general matter, the number of winning 
bidders that qualify as small businesses at the close of an auction 
does not necessarily represent the number of small businesses currently 
in service. Further, the Commission does not generally track subsequent 
business size unless, in the context of assignments or transfers, 
unjust enrichment issues are implicated. Additionally, since the 
Commission does not collect data on the number of employees for 
licensees providing these services, at this time the Commission is not 
able to estimate the number of licensees with active licenses that 
would qualify as small under the SBA's small business size standard.
    Upper 700 MHz Band Licenses. The upper 700 MHz band encompasses 
spectrum in the 746-806 MHz bands. Upper 700 MHz D Block licenses are 
nationwide licenses associated with the 758-763 MHz and 788-793 MHz 
bands. Permissible operations in these bands include flexible fixed, 
mobile, and broadcast uses, including mobile and other digital new 
broadcast operation; fixed and mobile wireless commercial services 
(including FDD- and TDD-based services); as well as fixed and mobile 
wireless uses for private, internal radio needs, two-way interactive, 
cellular, and mobile television broadcasting services. Wireless 
Telecommunications Carriers (except Satellite) is the closest industry 
with a SBA small business size standard applicable to licenses 
providing services in these bands. The SBA small business size standard 
for this industry classifies a business as small if it has 1,500 or 
fewer employees. U.S. Census Bureau data for 2017 show that there were 
2,893 firms that operated in this industry for the entire year. Of that 
number, 2,837 firms employed fewer than 250 employees. Thus, under the 
SBA size standard, the Commission estimates that a majority of 
licensees in this industry can be considered small.
    According to Commission data as of December 2021, there were 
approximately 152 active Upper 700 MHz Band licenses. The Commission's 
small business size standards with respect to Upper 700 MHz Band 
licensees involve eligibility for bidding credits and installment 
payments in the auction of licenses. For the auction of these licenses, 
the Commission defined a ``small business'' as an entity that, together 
with its affiliates and controlling principals, has average gross 
revenues not exceeding $40 million for the preceding three years, and a 
``very small business'' an entity that, together with its affiliates 
and controlling principals, has average gross revenues that are not 
more than $15 million for the preceding three years. Pursuant to these 
definitions, three winning bidders claiming very small business status 
won five of the twelve available licenses.
    In frequency bands where licenses were subject to auction, the 
Commission notes that as a general matter, the number of winning 
bidders that qualify as small businesses at the close of an auction 
does not necessarily represent the number of small businesses currently 
in service. Further, the Commission does not generally track subsequent 
business size unless, in the context of assignments or transfers, 
unjust enrichment issues are implicated. Additionally, since the 
Commission does not collect data on the number of employees for 
licensees providing these services, at this time the Commission is not 
able to estimate the number of licensees with active licenses that 
would qualify as small under the SBA's small business size standard.
    700 MHz Guard Band Licensees. The 700 MHz Guard Band encompasses 
spectrum in 746-747/776-777 MHz and 762-764/792-794 MHz frequency 
bands. Wireless Telecommunications Carriers (except Satellite) is the 
closest industry with a SBA small business size standard applicable to 
licenses providing services in these bands. The SBA small business size 
standard for this industry classifies a business as small if it has 
1,500 or fewer employees. U.S. Census Bureau data for 2017 show that 
there were 2,893 firms that operated in this industry for the entire 
year. Of this number, 2,837 firms employed fewer than 250 employees. 
Thus under the SBA size standard, the Commission estimates that a 
majority of licensees in this industry can be considered small.
    According to Commission data as of December 2021, there were 
approximately 224 active 700 MHz Guard Band licenses. The Commission's 
small business size standards with respect to 700 MHz Guard Band 
licensees involve eligibility for bidding credits and installment 
payments in the auction of licenses. For the auction of these licenses, 
the Commission defined a ``small business'' as an entity that, together 
with its affiliates and controlling principals, has average gross 
revenues not exceeding $40 million for the preceding three years, and a 
``very small business'' an entity that, together with its affiliates 
and controlling principals, has average gross revenues that are not 
more than $15 million for the preceding three years. Pursuant to these 
definitions, five winning bidders claiming one of the small business 
status classifications won 26 licenses, and one winning bidder claiming 
small business won two licenses. None of the winning bidders claiming a 
small business status classification in these 700 MHz Guard Band 
license auctions had an active license as of December 2021.
    In frequency bands where licenses were subject to auction, the 
Commission notes that as a general matter, the number of winning 
bidders that qualify as small businesses at the close of an

[[Page 28040]]

auction does not necessarily represent the number of small businesses 
currently in service. Further, the Commission does not generally track 
subsequent business size unless, in the context of assignments or 
transfers, unjust enrichment issues are implicated. Additionally, since 
the Commission does not collect data on the number of employees for 
licensees providing these services, at this time the Commission is not 
able to estimate the number of licensees with active licenses that 
would qualify as small under the SBA's small business size standard.
    Air-Ground Radiotelephone Service. Air-Ground Radiotelephone 
Service is a wireless service in which licensees are authorized to 
offer and provide radio telecommunications service for hire to 
subscribers in aircraft. A licensee may provide any type of air-ground 
service (i.e., voice telephony, broadband internet, data, etc.) to 
aircraft of any type, and serve any or all aviation markets 
(commercial, government, and general). A licensee must provide service 
to aircraft and may not provide ancillary land mobile or fixed services 
in the 800 MHz air-ground spectrum.
    The closest industry with an SBA small business size standard 
applicable to these services is Wireless Telecommunications Carriers 
(except Satellite). The SBA small business size standard for this 
industry classifies a business as small if it has 1,500 or fewer 
employees. U.S. Census Bureau data for 2017 show that there were 2,893 
firms that operated in this industry for the entire year. Of this 
number, 2,837 firms employed fewer than 250 employees. Thus under the 
SBA size standard, the Commission estimates that a majority of 
licensees in this industry can be considered small.
    Based on Commission data as of December 2021, there were 
approximately four licensees with 110 active licenses in the Air-Ground 
Radiotelephone Service. The Commission's small business size standards 
with respect to Air-Ground Radiotelephone Service involve eligibility 
for bidding credits and installment payments in the auction of 
licenses. For purposes of auctions, the Commission defined ``small 
business'' as an entity that, together with its affiliates and 
controlling interests, has average gross revenues not exceeding $40 
million for the preceding three years, and a ``very small business'' as 
an entity that, together with its affiliates and controlling interests, 
has had average annual gross revenues not exceeding $15 million for the 
preceding three years. In the auction of Air-Ground Radiotelephone 
Service licenses in the 800 MHz band, neither of the two winning 
bidders claimed small business status.
    In frequency bands where licenses were subject to auction, the 
Commission notes that as a general matter, the number of winning 
bidders that qualify as small businesses at the close of an auction 
does not necessarily represent the number of small businesses currently 
in service. Further, the Commission does not generally track subsequent 
business size unless, in the context of assignments or transfers, 
unjust enrichment issues are implicated. Additionally, the Commission 
does not collect data on the number of employees for licensees 
providing these services therefore, at this time the Commission is not 
able to estimate the number of licensees with active licenses that 
would qualify as small under the SBA's small business size standard.
    Advanced Wireless Services (AWS)--(1,710-1,755 MHz and 2,110-2,155 
MHz bands (AWS-1); 1,915-1,920 MHz, 1,995-2,000 MHz, 2,020-2,025 MHz 
and 2,175-2,180 MHz bands (AWS-2); 2,155-2,175 MHz band (AWS-3); 2,000-
2,020 MHz and 2,180-2,200 MHz (AWS-4)). Spectrum is made available and 
licensed in these bands for the provision of various wireless 
communications services. Wireless Telecommunications Carriers (except 
Satellite) is the closest industry with a SBA small business size 
standard applicable to these services. The SBA small business size 
standard for this industry classifies a business as small if it has 
1,500 or fewer employees. U.S. Census Bureau data for 2017 show that 
there were 2,893 firms that operated in this industry for the entire 
year. Of this number, 2,837 firms employed fewer than 250 employees. 
Thus, under the SBA size standard, the Commission estimates that a 
majority of licensees in this industry can be considered small.
    According to Commission data as of December 2021, there were 
approximately 4,472 active AWS licenses. The Commission's small 
business size standards with respect to AWS involve eligibility for 
bidding credits and installment payments in the auction of licenses for 
these services. For the auction of AWS licenses, the Commission defined 
a ``small business'' as an entity with average annual gross revenues 
for the preceding three years not exceeding $40 million, and a ``very 
small business'' as an entity with average annual gross revenues for 
the preceding three years not exceeding $15 million. Pursuant to these 
definitions, 57 winning bidders claiming status as small or very small 
businesses won 215 of 1,087 licenses. In the most recent auction of AWS 
licenses 15 of 37 bidders qualifying for status as small or very small 
businesses won licenses.
    In frequency bands where licenses were subject to auction, the 
Commission notes that as a general matter, the number of winning 
bidders that qualify as small businesses at the close of an auction 
does not necessarily represent the number of small businesses currently 
in service. Further, the Commission does not generally track subsequent 
business size unless, in the context of assignments or transfers, 
unjust enrichment issues are implicated. Additionally, since the 
Commission does not collect data on the number of employees for 
licensees providing these services, at this time the Commission is not 
able to estimate the number of licensees with active licenses that 
would qualify as small under the SBA's small business size standard.
    3,650-3,700 MHz band. Wireless broadband service licensing in the 
3,650-3,700 MHz band provides for nationwide, non-exclusive licensing 
of terrestrial operations, utilizing contention-based technologies, in 
the 3,650 MHz band (i.e., 3,650-3,700 MHz). Licensees are permitted to 
provide services on a non-common carrier and/or on a common carrier 
basis. Wireless broadband services in the 3,650-3,700 MHz band fall in 
the Wireless Telecommunications Carriers (except Satellite) industry 
with an SBA small business size standard that classifies a business as 
small if it has 1,500 or fewer employees. U.S. Census Bureau data for 
2017 show that there were 2,893 firms that operated in this industry 
for the entire year. Of this number, 2,837 firms employed fewer than 
250 employees. Thus under the SBA size standard, the Commission 
estimates that a majority of licensees in this industry can be 
considered small.
    The Commission has not developed a small business size standard 
applicable to 3650-3700 MHz band licensees. Based on the licenses that 
have been granted, however, the Commission estimates that the majority 
of licensees in this service are small internet Access Service 
Providers (ISPs). As of November 2021, Commission data shows that there 
were 902 active licenses in the 3,650-3,700 MHz band. However, since 
the Commission does not collect data on the number of employees for 
licensees providing these services, at this time the Commission is not 
able to estimate the number of licensees with active licenses that 
would qualify as small under the SBA's small business size standard.
    Fixed Microwave Services. Fixed microwave services include common 
carrier, private-operational fixed, and

[[Page 28041]]

broadcast auxiliary radio services. They also include the Upper 
Microwave Flexible Use Service (UMFUS), Millimeter Wave Service (70/80/
90 GHz), Local Multipoint Distribution Service (LMDS), the Digital 
Electronic Message Service (DEMS), 24 GHz Service, Multiple Address 
Systems (MAS), and Multichannel Video Distribution and Data Service 
(MVDDS), where in some bands licensees can choose between common 
carrier and non-common carrier status. Wireless Telecommunications 
Carriers (except Satellite) is the closest industry with a SBA small 
business size standard applicable to these services. The SBA small size 
standard for this industry classifies a business as small if it has 
1,500 or fewer employees. U.S. Census Bureau data for 2017 show that 
there were 2,893 firms that operated in this industry for the entire 
year. Of this number, 2,837 firms employed fewer than 250 employees. 
Thus under the SBA size standard, the Commission estimates that a 
majority of fixed microwave service licensees can be considered small.
    The Commission's small business size standards with respect to 
fixed microwave services involve eligibility for bidding credits and 
installment payments in the auction of licenses for the various 
frequency bands included in fixed microwave services. When bidding 
credits are adopted for the auction of licenses in fixed microwave 
services frequency bands, such credits may be available to several 
types of small businesses based average gross revenues (small, very 
small and entrepreneur) pursuant to the competitive bidding rules 
adopted in conjunction with the requirements for the auction and/or as 
identified in Part 101 of the Commission's rules for the specific fixed 
microwave services frequency bands.
    In frequency bands where licenses were subject to auction, the 
Commission notes that as a general matter, the number of winning 
bidders that qualify as small businesses at the close of an auction 
does not necessarily represent the number of small businesses currently 
in service. Further, the Commission does not generally track subsequent 
business size unless, in the context of assignments or transfers, 
unjust enrichment issues are implicated. Additionally, since the 
Commission does not collect data on the number of employees for 
licensees providing these services, at this time the Commission is not 
able to estimate the number of licensees with active licenses that 
would qualify as small under the SBA's small business size standard.
    Broadband Radio Service and Educational Broadband Service. 
Broadband Radio Service systems, previously referred to as Multipoint 
Distribution Service (MDS) and Multichannel Multipoint Distribution 
Service (MMDS) systems, and ``wireless cable,'' transmit video 
programming to subscribers and provide two-way high speed data 
operations using the microwave frequencies of the Broadband Radio 
Service (BRS) and Educational Broadband Service (EBS) (previously 
referred to as the Instructional Television Fixed Service (ITFS)). 
Wireless cable operators that use spectrum in the BRS often 
supplemented with leased channels from the EBS, provide a competitive 
alternative to wired cable and other multichannel video programming 
distributors. Wireless cable programming to subscribers resembles cable 
television, but instead of coaxial cable, wireless cable uses microwave 
channels.
    In light of the use of wireless frequencies by BRS and EBS 
services, the closest industry with a SBA small business size standard 
applicable to these services is Wireless Telecommunications Carriers 
(except Satellite). The SBA small business size standard for this 
industry classifies a business as small if it has 1,500 or fewer 
employees. U.S. Census Bureau data for 2017 show that there were 2,893 
firms that operated in this industry for the entire year. Of this 
number, 2,837 firms employed fewer than 250 employees. Thus under the 
SBA size standard, the Commission estimates that a majority of 
licensees in this industry can be considered small.
    According to Commission data as of December 2021, there were 
approximately 5,869 active BRS and EBS licenses. The Commission's small 
business size standards with respect to BRS involves eligibility for 
bidding credits and installment payments in the auction of licenses for 
these services. For the auction of BRS licenses, the Commission adopted 
criteria for three groups of small businesses. A very small business is 
an entity that, together with its affiliates and controlling interests, 
has average annual gross revenues exceed $3 million and did not exceed 
$15 million for the preceding three years, a small business is an 
entity that, together with its affiliates and controlling interests, 
has average gross revenues exceed $15 million and did not exceed $40 
million for the preceding three years, and an entrepreneur is an entity 
that, together with its affiliates and controlling interests, has 
average gross revenues not exceeding $3 million for the preceding three 
years. Of the ten winning bidders for BRS licenses, two bidders 
claiming the small business status won 4 licenses, one bidder claiming 
the very small business status won three licenses and two bidders 
claiming entrepreneur status won six licenses. One of the winning 
bidders claiming a small business status classification in the BRS 
license auction has an active licenses as of December 2021.
    The Commission's small business size standards for EBS define a 
small business as an entity that, together with its affiliates, its 
controlling interests and the affiliates of its controlling interests, 
has average gross revenues that are not more than $55 million for the 
preceding five (5) years, and a very small business is an entity that, 
together with its affiliates, its controlling interests and the 
affiliates of its controlling interests, has average gross revenues 
that are not more than $20 million for the preceding five (5) years. In 
frequency bands where licenses were subject to auction, the Commission 
notes that as a general matter, the number of winning bidders that 
qualify as small businesses at the close of an auction does not 
necessarily represent the number of small businesses currently in 
service. Further, the Commission does not generally track subsequent 
business size unless, in the context of assignments or transfers, 
unjust enrichment issues are implicated. Additionally, since the 
Commission does not collect data on the number of employees for 
licensees providing these services, at this time the Commission is not 
able to estimate the number of licensees with active licenses that 
would qualify as small under the SBA's small business size standard.

Satellite Service Providers

    Satellite Telecommunications. This industry comprises firms 
``primarily engaged in providing telecommunications services to other 
establishments in the telecommunications and broadcasting industries by 
forwarding and receiving communications signals via a system of 
satellites or reselling satellite telecommunications.'' Satellite 
telecommunications service providers include satellite and earth 
station operators. The SBA small business size standard for this 
industry classifies a business with $44 million or less in annual 
receipts as small. U.S. Census Bureau data for 2017 show that 275 firms 
in this industry operated for the entire year. Of this number, 242 
firms had revenue of less than $25 million. Consequently, using the 
SBA's small business size standard most satellite

[[Page 28042]]

telecommunications service providers can be considered small entities. 
The Commission notes however, that the SBA's revenue small business 
size standard is applicable to a broad scope of satellite 
telecommunications providers included in the U.S. Census Bureau's 
Satellite Telecommunications industry definition. Additionally, the 
Commission neither requests nor collects annual revenue information 
from satellite telecommunications providers, and is therefore unable to 
more accurately estimate the number of satellite telecommunications 
providers that would be classified as a small business under the SBA 
size standard.
    All Other Telecommunications. This industry is comprised of 
establishments primarily engaged in providing specialized 
telecommunications services, such as satellite tracking, communications 
telemetry, and radar station operation. This industry also includes 
establishments primarily engaged in providing satellite terminal 
stations and associated facilities connected with one or more 
terrestrial systems and capable of transmitting telecommunications to, 
and receiving telecommunications from, satellite systems. Providers of 
internet services (e.g., dial-up ISPs) or Voice over internet Protocol 
(VoIP) services, via client-supplied telecommunications connections are 
also included in this industry. The SBA small business size standard 
for this industry classifies firms with annual receipts of $40 million 
or less as small. U.S. Census Bureau data for 2017 show that there were 
1,079 firms in this industry that operated for the entire year. Of 
those firms, 1,039 had revenue of less than $25 million. Based on this 
data, the Commission estimates that the majority of ``All Other 
Telecommunications'' firms can be considered small.
    Because section 706 of the Act requires us to monitor the 
deployment of broadband using any technology, the Commission 
anticipates that some broadband service providers may not provide 
telephone service. Accordingly, the Commission describes below other 
types of firms that may provide broadband services, including cable 
companies, MDS providers, and utilities, among others.
    Cable and Other Subscription Programming. The U.S. Census Bureau 
defines this industry as establishments primarily engaged in operating 
studios and facilities for the broadcasting of programs on a 
subscription or fee basis. The broadcast programming is typically 
narrowcast in nature (e.g., limited format, such as news, sports, 
education, or youth-oriented). These establishments produce programming 
in their own facilities or acquire programming from external sources. 
The programming material is usually delivered to a third party, such as 
cable systems or direct-to-home satellite systems, for transmission to 
viewers. The SBA small business size standard for this industry 
classifies firms with annual receipts less than $47 million as small. 
Based on U.S. Census Bureau data for 2017, 378 firms operated in this 
industry during that year. Of that number, 149 firms operated with 
revenue of less than $25 million a year and 44 firms operated with 
revenue of $25 million or more. Based on this data, the Commission 
estimates that a majority of firms in this industry are small.
    Cable Companies and Systems (Rate Regulation). The Commission has 
developed its own small business size standard for the purpose of cable 
rate regulation. Under the Commission's rules, a ``small cable 
company'' is one serving 400,000 or fewer subscribers nationwide. Based 
on industry data, there are about 420 cable companies in the U.S. Of 
these, only seven have more than 400,000 subscribers. In addition, 
under the Commission's rules, a ``small system'' is a cable system 
serving 15,000 or fewer subscribers. Based on industry data, there are 
about 4,139 cable systems (headends) in the U.S. Of these, about 639 
have more than 15,000 subscribers. Accordingly, the Commission 
estimates that the majority of cable companies and cable systems are 
small.
    Cable System Operators (Telecom Act Standard). The Communications 
Act of 1934, as amended, contains a size standard for a ``small cable 
operator,'' which is ``a cable operator that, directly or through an 
affiliate, serves in the aggregate fewer than one percent of all 
subscribers in the United States and is not affiliated with any entity 
or entities whose gross annual revenues in the aggregate exceed 
$250,000,000.'' For purposes of the Telecom Act Standard, the 
Commission determined that a cable system operator that serves fewer 
than 498,000 subscribers, either directly or through affiliates, will 
meet the definition of a small cable operator. Based on industry data, 
only six cable system operators have more than 498,000 subscribers. 
Accordingly, the Commission estimates that the majority of cable system 
operators are small under this size standard. The Commission notes, 
however, that the Commission neither requests nor collects information 
on whether cable system operators are affiliated with entities whose 
gross annual revenues exceed $250 million. Therefore, the Commission is 
unable at this time to estimate with greater precision the number of 
cable system operators that would qualify as small cable operators 
under the definition in the Communications Act.

All Other Telecommunications

    Electric Power Generators, Transmitters, and Distributors. The U.S. 
Census Bureau defines the utilities sector industry as comprised of 
``establishments, primarily engaged in generating, transmitting, and/or 
distributing electric power. Establishments in this industry group may 
perform one or more of the following activities: (1) operate generation 
facilities that produce electric energy; (2) operate transmission 
systems that convey the electricity from the generation facility to the 
distribution system; and (3) operate distribution systems that convey 
electric power received from the generation facility or the 
transmission system to the final consumer.'' This industry group is 
categorized based on fuel source and includes Hydroelectric Power 
Generation, Fossil Fuel Electric Power Generation, Nuclear Electric 
Power Generation, Solar Electric Power Generation, Wind Electric Power 
Generation, Geothermal Electric Power Generation, Biomass Electric 
Power Generation, Other Electric Power Generation, Electric Bulk Power 
Transmission and Control and Electric Power Distribution.
    The SBA has established a small business size standard for each of 
these groups based on the number of employees which ranges from having 
fewer than 250 employees to having fewer than 1,000 employees. U.S. 
Census Bureau data for 2017 indicate that for the Electric Power 
Generation, Transmission and Distribution industry there were 1,693 
firms that operated in this industry for the entire year. Of this 
number, 1,552 firms had less than 250 employees. Based on this data and 
the associated SBA size standards, the majority of firms in this 
industry can be considered small entities.

Description of Economic Impact and Projected Reporting, Recordkeeping 
and Other Compliance Requirements for Small Entities

    The RFA directs agencies to provide a description of the projected 
reporting, recordkeeping and other compliance requirements of the 
proposed rule, including an estimate of the classes of small entities 
which will be subject to the requirement and the type of professional 
skills necessary for preparation of the report or record.

[[Page 28043]]

    The Commission believes the adopted rules will provide regulatory 
relief to small entities by reducing their overall compliance costs. 
The Fifth Report and Order eliminates the requirement under Sec.  
1.7004(d) that an engineering certification, to the extent not 
submitted by a corporate engineering officer, must be submitted by a 
licensed PE. Instead, the Commission amends Sec.  1.7004(d) to require 
that providers submit certifications by a ``qualified engineer,'' as 
defined by the engineering qualifications the Broadband Data Task Force 
(BDTF) adopted in previous orders. This certifying engineer does not 
need to be a full time employee, but is required to have direct 
knowledge and familiarity with the BDC filing.
    The Commission's decision to adopt rules eliminating the 
professional engineering certification requirement reflects our belief 
that the potential costs and burdens of the licensed PE requirement 
outweigh its potential benefits. At this time, although there is not 
available data on the record to quantify the cost of compliance with 
the requirements in the Fifth Report and Order, the Commission believes 
the modifications to the BDC rules eliminate a burden on providers and 
will maintain the Commission's ability to create accurate broadband 
coverage maps.

Discussion of Steps Taken To Minimize the Significant Economic Impact 
on Small Entities, and Significant Alternatives Considered

    The RFA requires an agency to provide, ``a description of the steps 
the agency has taken to minimize the significant economic impact on 
small entities . . . including a statement of the factual, policy, and 
legal reasons for selecting the alternative adopted in the final rule 
and why each one of the other significant alternatives to the rule 
considered by the agency which affect the impact on small entities was 
rejected.''
    The Commission's actions in the Fifth Report and Order take steps 
to minimize, where practicable, significant economic impact on small 
entities and have also considered significant alternatives in reaching 
its conclusions in the adopted rules. For example, the adopted rules 
eliminate the previously required licensed professional engineering 
certification and instead require certification by a ``qualified 
engineer,'' as defined in previous BDC orders, which will save some 
small entities from having to pay a professional engineer to certify 
their filings. The Commission considered proposals to utilize waiver 
requests to address economic burdens associated with compliance; 
however, the process of reviewing and granting a great number of 
individual requests would in fact cause greater administrative burdens 
for the Commission and for small and other entities in the industry.
    In addition, the Fifth Report and Order also clarifies that 
broadband service providers may utilize the resources of consulting 
engineers, thereby ensuring that that smaller providers who may not 
have in-house engineering expertise are able to comply with the 
engineering certification requirements of the BDC. Alternatively, the 
Commission considered the impact of requiring the consulting engineer 
be a full-time employee of the broadband service provider, and the 
Commission determined the benefits of our proposed approach would 
provide a substantial benefit to small entities.

Report to Congress

    The Commission will send a copy of the Fifth Report and Order, 
including this FRFA, in a report to Congress pursuant to the 
Congressional Review Act. In addition, the Commission will send a copy 
of the Fifth Report and Order, including this FRFA, to the Chief 
Counsel for Advocacy of the SBA and will publish a copy of the Fifth 
Report and Order and FRFA (or summaries thereof) in the Federal 
Register.

Ordering Clauses

    It is ordered that, pursuant to sections 1-4, 201, 254, 301, 303, 
332, and 801-806 of the Communications Act of 1934, as amended, 47 
U.S.C. 151-154, 201, 254, 301, 303, 332, and 641-646, this Fifth Report 
and Order is adopted.

List of Subjects in 47 CFR Part 1

    Administrative practice and procedure, Broadband, Reporting and 
recordkeeping requirements, Telecommunications.

Federal Communications Commission.
Katura Jackson,
Federal Register Liaison Officer.

Final Rules

    For the reasons discussed in the preamble, the Federal 
Communications Commission amends 47 CFR part 1 as follows:

PART 1--PRACTICE AND PROCEDURE

0
1. The authority citation for part 1 continues to read as follows:

    Authority:  47 U.S.C. chs. 2, 5, 9, 13; 28 U.S.C. 2461 note; 47 
U.S.C. 1754, unless otherwise noted.

Subpart V--Commission Collection of Advanced Telecommunications 
Capability Data and Local Exchange Competition Data

0
2. Amend Sec.  1.7004 by revising and republishing paragraph (d) to 
read as follows:


Sec.  1.7004  Scope, content, and frequency of Broadband Data 
Collection filings.

* * * * *
    (d) Providers shall include in each Broadband Data Collection 
filing a certification signed by a corporate officer of the provider 
that the officer has examined the information contained in the 
submission and that, to the best of the officer's actual knowledge, 
information, and belief, all statements of fact contained in the 
submission are true and correct. All providers also shall submit a 
certification of the accuracy of its submissions by a qualified 
engineer. The engineering certification shall state that the qualified 
engineer has direct knowledge of, or responsibility for, the generation 
of the provider's Broadband Data Collection filing. The qualified 
engineer shall also certify that he or she has examined the information 
contained in the submission and that, to the best of the engineer's 
actual knowledge, information, and belief, all statements of fact 
contained in the submission are true and correct, and in accordance 
with the service provider's ordinary course of network design and 
engineering. If a corporate officer is also an engineer and has the 
requisite knowledge required under the Broadband DATA Act, a provider 
may submit a single certification that fulfills both requirements. A 
``qualified engineer,'' for purposes of this certification, shall be an 
engineer who is:
    (1) A corporate officer possessing a Bachelor of Science in 
engineering degree and who has direct knowledge of and responsibility 
for the carrier's network design and construction;
    (2) An engineer possessing a bachelor's or postgraduate degree in 
electrical engineering, electronic technology, or another similar 
technical discipline, and at least seven years of relevant experience 
in broadband network design and/or performance; or
    (3) An employee or agent with specialized training relevant to 
broadband network engineering and design, deployment, and/or 
performance, and at least 10 years of relevant experience in broadband 
network engineering, design, and/or performance.

[FR Doc. 2025-12240 Filed 6-30-25; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6712-01-P


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Indexed from Federal Register on July 1, 2025.

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