Proposed Rule2025-11642

Methylene Chloride

Primary source

Metadata and text below are from the Federal Register, a public-domain U.S. government work. Always verify the official published version before relying on it for any legal matter.

Published
July 1, 2025

Issuing agencies

Labor DepartmentOccupational Safety and Health Administration

Abstract

This proposed rule revises some substance-specific respirator requirements to allow different types of respirators to be used under OSHA's Methylene Chloride standard and better aligns this standard with OSHA's Respiratory Protection standard. It also includes two technical corrections.

Full Text

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<title>Federal Register, Volume 90 Issue 124 (Tuesday, July 1, 2025)</title>
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[Federal Register Volume 90, Number 124 (Tuesday, July 1, 2025)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 28272-28277]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [<a href="http://www.gpo.gov">www.gpo.gov</a>]
[FR Doc No: 2025-11642]


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DEPARTMENT OF LABOR

Occupational Safety and Health Administration

29 CFR Parts 1910, 1915, 1917, 1918, and 1926

[Docket No. OSHA-2025-0012]
RIN 1218-AD67


Methylene Chloride

AGENCY: Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), Labor.

ACTION: Proposed rule; request for comments.

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SUMMARY: This proposed rule revises some substance-specific respirator 
requirements to allow different types of respirators to be used under 
OSHA's Methylene Chloride standard and better aligns this standard with 
OSHA's Respiratory Protection standard. It also includes two technical 
corrections.

DATES: Comments and other information, including requests for a 
hearing, must be received on or before September 2, 2025.
    Informal public hearing: OSHA will schedule an informal public 
hearing on the rule if requested during the comment period. If a 
hearing is requested, the location and date of the hearing, procedures 
for interested parties to notify the agency of their intention to 
participate, and procedures for participants to submit their testimony 
and documentary evidence will be announced in the Federal Register.

ADDRESSES: 
    Written comments: You may submit comments and attachments, 
identified by Docket No. OSHA-2025-0012, electronically at <a href="https://www.regulations.gov">https://www.regulations.gov</a>, which is the Federal e-Rulemaking Portal. Follow 
the instructions online for making electronic submissions.
    Instructions: All submissions must include the agency's name and 
the docket number for this rulemaking (Docket No. OSHA-2025-0012). When 
uploading multiple attachments to <a href="http://regulations.gov">regulations.gov</a>, please number all of 
your attachments because <a href="http://regulations.gov">regulations.gov</a> will not automatically number 
the attachments. This will be very useful in identifying all 
attachments. For example, Attachment 1--title of your document, 
Attachment 2--title of your document, Attachment 3--title of your 
document. For assistance with commenting and uploading documents, 
please see the Frequently Asked Questions on <a href="https://www.regulations.gov">https://www.regulations.gov</a>.
    All comments, including any personal information you provide, are 
placed in the public docket without change and may be made available 
online at <a href="https://www.regulations.gov">https://www.regulations.gov</a>. Therefore, OSHA cautions 
commenters about submitting information they do not want made available 
to the public, or submitting materials that contain personal 
information (either about themselves or others), such as Social 
Security Numbers and birthdates.
    Docket: The docket for this rulemaking (Docket No. OSHA-2025-0012) 
is available at <a href="https://www.regulations.gov">https://www.regulations.gov</a>, the Federal eRulemaking 
Portal. Most exhibits are available at <a href="https://www.regulations.gov">https://www.regulations.gov</a>; 
some exhibits (e.g., copyrighted material) are not available to 
download from that web page. However, all materials in the dockets are 
available for inspection at the OSHA Docket Office.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: 
    For press inquiries: Contact Frank Meilinger, Director, OSHA Office 
of Communications, Occupational Safety and Health Administration; 
telephone: (202) 693-1999; email: <a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#107d75797c797e7775623e7662717e7379632250747f7c3e777f66"><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="9af7fff3f6f3f4fdffe8b4fce8fbf4f9f3e9a8dafef5f6b4fdf5ec">[email&#160;protected]</span></a>.
    General information and technical inquiries: Contact Andrew 
Levinson, Director, OSHA Directorate of Standards and Guidance, 
Occupational Safety and Health Administration; telephone: (202) 693-
1950; email: <a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#58372b3039763c2b3f183c3734763f372e"><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="6e011d060f400a1d092e0a010240090118">[email&#160;protected]</span></a>.
    Copies of this Federal Register notice: Electronic copies are 
available at

[[Page 28273]]

<a href="https://www.regulations.gov">https://www.regulations.gov</a>. This Federal Register notice, as well as 
news releases and other relevant information, also are available at 
OSHA's web page at <a href="https://www.osha.gov">https://www.osha.gov</a>. A ``100-word summary'' is also 
available on <a href="https://www.regulations.gov">https://www.regulations.gov</a>.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION

Table of Contents

I. Executive Summary
II. Legal Authority and Preliminary Findings
III. Events Leading to the Proposed Rule
IV. Summary and Explanation of the Proposed Requirements
V. Economic Analysis
VI. Additional Requirements
VII. Authority and Signature
VIII. Regulatory Text

I. Executive Summary

    This proposed rule is intended to provide greater compliance 
flexibility and remove duplicative language in OSHA's Methylene 
Chloride standard (29 CFR 1910.1052). It also includes two technical 
corrections. OSHA is proposing to revise a respirator-related provision 
which is unnecessarily prescriptive. OSHA anticipates this change would 
result in employers having greater flexibility in the respirators they 
select for exposed workers, while providing equivalent worker 
protection. This proposal is also consistent with OSHA's intent, when 
it published the revised Respiratory Protection standard (29 CFR 
1910.134), to use it as a foundation for respirator selection in 
substance-specific standards.

II. Legal Authority and Preliminary Findings

    The purpose of the Occupational Safety and Health Act (29 U.S.C. 
651 et seq.) (``the Act'' or ``the OSH Act'') is ``to assure so far as 
possible every working man and woman in the Nation safe and healthful 
working conditions and to preserve our human resources'' (29 U.S.C. 
651(b)). To achieve this goal, Congress authorized the Secretary of 
Labor (``the Secretary'') to promulgate standards to protect workers, 
including the authority ``to set mandatory occupational safety and 
health standards applicable to businesses affecting interstate 
commerce'' (29 U.S.C. 651(b)(3); see also 29 U.S.C. 654(a)(2) 
(requiring employers to comply with OSHA standards), 29 U.S.C. 655(a) 
(authorizing summary adoption of existing consensus and established 
federal standards within two years of the Act's enactment), 29 U.S.C. 
655(b) (authorizing promulgation, modification or revocation of 
standards pursuant to notice and comment), and 29 U.S.C. 655(b)(7) 
(authorizing OSHA to include among a standard's requirements labeling, 
monitoring, medical testing, and other information-transmittal 
provisions)). An occupational safety and health standard is ``. . . a 
standard which requires conditions, or the adoption or use of one or 
more practices, means, methods, operations, or processes, reasonably 
necessary or appropriate to provide safe or healthful employment and 
places of employment'' (29 U.S.C. 652(8)). The Secretary may also issue 
regulations requiring employers to keep records regarding their 
activities relating to the Act, as well as records of work-related 
deaths, injuries, and illnesses (29 U.S.C. 657(c)(1)-(2)).
    Before OSHA may promulgate a health or safety standard, it must 
find that a standard is reasonably necessary or appropriate within the 
meaning of section 652(8) of the OSH Act, which OSHA did when it 
promulgated the Methylene Chloride standard in 1997 (62 FR 1494). The 
Supreme Court, in its decision on OSHA's benzene standard, interpreted 
OSHA's obligation under section 652(8) as requiring it to evaluate 
``whether significant risks are present and can be eliminated or 
lessened by a change in practices'' (Indus. Union Dep't, AFL-CIO v. Am. 
Petroleum Inst., 448 U.S. 607, 642 (1980) (plurality opinion)). OSHA 
determined that methylene chloride presented a significant risk to 
employees when it promulgated the Methylene Chloride standard in 1997 
(62 FR 1494). When, as here, OSHA has previously determined that its 
standard substantially reduces a significant risk, it is unnecessary 
for the agency to make additional findings on risk for every provision 
of that standard (see, e.g., Pub. Citizen Health Research Grp. v. 
Tyson, 796 F.2d 1479, 1502 n.16 (D.C. Cir. 1986) (rejecting the 
argument that OSHA must ``find that each and every aspect of its 
standard eliminates a significant risk'')). Rather, once OSHA makes a 
general significant risk finding in support of a standard, the next 
question is whether a particular requirement is reasonably related to 
the purpose of the standard as a whole (see Asbestos Info. Ass'n/N. Am. 
v. Reich, 117 F.3d 891, 894 (5th Cir. 1997); Forging Indus. Ass'n v. 
Sec'y of Labor, 773 F.2d 1436, 1447 (4th Cir. 1985); United 
Steelworkers of Am., AFL-CIO-CLC v. Marshall, 647 F.2d 1189, 1237-38 
(D.C. Cir. 1980) (``Lead I'')). Therefore, while OSHA is not making a 
preliminary finding of significant risk for this proposed rule, the 
agency has made a preliminary determination that the proposed changes 
are reasonably related to the purpose of the Methylene Chloride 
standard as a whole.
    A standard is technologically feasible if the protective measures 
it requires already exist, can be brought into existence with available 
technology, or can be created with technology that is reasonably 
expected to be developed (see Am. Iron and Steel Inst. v. OSHA, 939 
F.2d 975, 980 (D.C. Cir. 1991)). Courts have also interpreted 
technological feasibility to mean that a typical firm in each affected 
industry or application group will reasonably be able to implement the 
requirements of the standard in most operations most of the time (see, 
e.g., Public Citizen v. OSHA, 557 F.3d 165, 170-71 (3d Cir. 2009) 
(citing Lead I at 1272)).
    This proposed rule would not substantially modify existing 
requirements for respiratory protection in workplaces; nor would it 
create new requirements. All employers in compliance with the existing 
standard would also be in compliance with the revised standard. 
Therefore, OSHA has made a preliminary determination that the proposed 
rule would be technologically feasible.
    In evaluating economic feasibility, OSHA must consider the average 
cost of compliance in an industry rather than costs for individual 
employers. In its economic analyses, OSHA ``must construct a reasonable 
estimate of compliance costs and demonstrate a reasonable likelihood 
that these costs will not threaten the existence or competitive 
structure of an industry, even if it does portend disaster for some 
marginal firms'' (Am. Iron and Steel Inst., 939 F.2d at 980, quoting 
Lead I at 1272). OSHA has made a preliminary finding that this proposal 
is economically feasible because it is deregulatory and is expected to 
reduce costs for employers. OSHA's economic analysis is presented in 
Section V.
    The Administrative Procedures Act directs agencies to include in 
each rule adopted ``a concise general statement of [the rule's] basis 
and purpose'' (5 U.S.C. 553(c)); cf. 29 U.S.C. 655(e) (requiring the 
Secretary to publish a ``statement of reasons'' for any standard 
promulgated)). This notice satisfies this concise statement 
requirement.

III. Events Leading to the Proposed Rule

    OSHA adopted a Methylene Chloride standard in 1997 (62 FR 1494). 
OSHA also has a general Respiratory Protection standard, 29 CFR 
1910.134, which it first promulgated in 1971 (39 FR 9835). OSHA 
published a revised Respiratory Protection standard on January 8, 1998

[[Page 28274]]

(63 FR 1152). The Respiratory Protection standard contains worksite-
specific requirements for program administration, as well as procedures 
for respirator selection, employee training, fit testing, medical 
evaluation, and respirator use, among other provisions. OSHA noted that 
the revised standard was to ``serve as a `building block' standard with 
respect to future standards that may contain respiratory protection 
requirements'' (63 FR 1265). In 2006, OSHA revised the Respiratory 
Protection standard again to incorporate assigned protection factors 
(APFs) in the respirator selection process (71 FR 50122-01).
    Several OSHA standards regulating exposure to toxic substances and 
harmful physical agents, including the Methylene Chloride standard, 
require compliance with many provisions of 29 CFR 1910.134. However, 
when revising the respirator rule, the Agency decided to retain several 
special respirator selection provisions in the existing substance-
specific standards. In this regard, OSHA noted that the respirator 
selection requirements retained in the substance-specific standards 
were developed in rulemakings to provide protection against a hazardous 
characteristic or condition unique to the regulated substance. 
Consequently, OSHA felt that preserving these provisions in the 
individual substance-specific standards would maintain the level of 
respiratory protection afforded to employees.
    In this proposal, OSHA is revisiting some of those determinations; 
the agency now believes that there are additional ways that substance-
specific standards can rely on 29 CFR 1910.134 without compromising 
employee safety. The purpose of revising the respirator-related 
provisions of OSHA's Methylene Chloride standard is to conform them, to 
the extent possible, with other substance-specific standards and to the 
revised 29 CFR 1910.134 in general. The proposed updates would improve 
the Methylene Chloride standard because it would remove unnecessarily 
specific respirator requirements and remove language that is 
duplicative with the requirements of the Respiratory Protection 
standard. Additionally, OSHA is proposing to make two technical 
corrections.
    OSHA expects that the rule would ultimately reduce the compliance 
burden on the regulated community, without compromising worker safety. 
Therefore, OSHA believes this proposed rule is consistent with 
Executive Order (E.O.) 14219, ``Ensuring Lawful Governance and 
Implementing the President's `Department of Government Efficiency' 
Deregulatory Initiative,'' E.O. 14192, ``Unleashing Prosperity Through 
Deregulation,'' and the goal of removing regulations that harm the 
national interest by impeding technological innovation or private 
enterprise and entrepreneurship.

IV. Summary and Explanation of the Proposed Requirements

    OSHA is proposing to revise paragraph (g) of its general industry 
Methylene Chloride standard (29 CFR 1910.1052) to reduce compliance 
burdens, allow for the use of additional types of respirators, and 
improve the comprehensibility of the requirements for respiratory 
protection programs. These revisions would improve comprehensibility 
and simplify compliance for employers by removing requirements in 
1910.1052 that are duplicative with the requirements in 1910.134. The 
proposed revisions would also remove unnecessary restrictions on 
respirator selection where another equally protective option exists. 
Finally, these revisions would also conform this standard, to the 
extent possible, to other substance-specific standards and to 29 CFR 
1910.134. The Agency preliminarily concludes, therefore, that updating 
these rules is consistent with the goal of reducing undue burden and 
improving compliance with OSHA's respiratory protection requirements.
    OSHA has preliminarily determined that paragraphs (g)(1)(i) through 
(v) unnecessarily duplicate the general provisions covered by 
1910.134(a) and is proposing to remove those paragraphs and add a cross 
reference to 1910.134(a) in paragraph (g)(1). OSHA does not intend for 
these changes to add to or change the regulatory burden on employers; 
actions that were in compliance with the requirements in 1910.1052(g) 
would also be in compliance with proposed paragraph (g).
    Furthermore, OSHA is proposing to remove the requirement under 
paragraph (g)(3)(i) for employers to provide employees with full-face 
respiratory protection because methylene chloride may cause eye 
irritation or damage. Paragraph (h)(1) of the Methylene Chloride 
standard contains requirements for the use of personal protective 
equipment where skin or eye irritation from methylene chloride may 
occur and OSHA has preliminarily determined that those requirements are 
equally as protective against eye irritation or damage as the 
requirement for a full-face respirator in paragraph (g)(3)(i). 
Therefore, under the proposed revision, employers would be able to 
provide half mask respirators if they also provide adequate eye 
protection to prevent eye irritation for employees. OSHA preliminarily 
concludes that this proposed change would increase compliance options 
without reducing worker protections.
    OSHA is also considering (but not proposing) removing the 
requirement under paragraph (g)(3)(i) limiting employers to the use of 
atmosphere supplying respirators. OSHA recognizes that, at this time, 
there are no other available options for protection from methylene 
chloride. However, respirator technology is constantly evolving, and 
alternative respirators with equivalent protections may be available 
for use in the future. OSHA is interested in comments regarding how the 
agency could word this provision to allow for greater flexibility as 
technology changes.
    OSHA has also preliminarily determined that paragraph (g)(4) on 
medical evaluations unnecessarily duplicates the general provisions 
covered by 1910.134(e) and is proposing to remove those paragraphs in 
their entirety. Since, under paragraph (g)(2)(i) of the Methylene 
Chloride standard, employers already have to comply with paragraph (e) 
in 1910.134, which is more comprehensive regarding medical evaluations, 
removing this language only reduces redundancy and does not remove any 
protections from employees.
    OSHA is also proposing to make two technical corrections. Paragraph 
(e)(3) of the Methylene Chloride standard requires the employer to 
supply a respirator, selected in accordance with paragraph (h)(3) of 
that standard. However, the respirator selection criteria are contained 
in (g)(3) of the Methylene Chloride standard, and OSHA is proposing to 
amend paragraph (e)(3) to reflect that. In addition, paragraph 
(g)(2)(i) requires employers to implement a respiratory protection 
program in accordance with Sec.  1910.13(b), which is an error. OSHA is 
proposing to amend paragraph (g)(2)(i) to refer to 1910.134(b) through 
(m) (except (d)(1)(iii)) instead.
    OSHA recognizes that adopting these revisions will also result in 
the revision of the respiratory protection requirements in OSHA's 
shipyard employment, marine terminals, longshoring, and construction 
industry standards for methylene chloride (see 29 CFR 1926.1152, 29 CFR 
1915.1052, 29 CFR 1917.1, and 29 CFR 1918.1, which apply the 
requirements in 29 CFR 1910.1052 to shipyards, marine terminals, 
longshoring, and construction). OSHA requests comment regarding whether 
there are any considerations that are unique to the use

[[Page 28275]]

of respirators for protection against methylene chloride hazards in 
shipyards, marine terminals, longshoring, or construction that OSHA 
should consider when finalizing this proposal. OSHA is in the process 
of appointing members to the Advisory Committee on Construction Safety 
and Health (ACCSH). The agency intends to present this proposed rule to 
ACCSH once that process is complete. The agency will put the 
Committee's recommendations on the OSHA website and in the docket for 
this proposed rule prior to the close of the comment period to allow 
the public to provide comments on those recommendations.
    OSHA requests comments on the following questions:
    1. Are there any concerns that making the changes described in this 
proposal will decrease worker safety? In particular, are there any 
concerns that providing a half mask with eye protection will not ensure 
equal protection for workers as providing a full facepiece respirator 
for eye hazards associated with methylene chloride?
    2. Are there alternative approaches OSHA should consider?
    3. Should OSHA remove the language limiting employers to the use of 
atmosphere-supplying respirators from 1910.1052(g)(3)(i)? Why?

V. Economic Analysis

    This proposed rule would expand compliance options for employers 
under the Methylene Chloride standard, 29 CFR 1910.1052, and therefore 
OSHA has preliminarily concluded that there would be no additional 
costs imposed by these proposed revisions. OSHA also anticipates that 
there would be some cost savings associated with this rule, including 
savings based on employers being able to choose more cost-effective 
respirators and a reduction of the burdens associated with reviewing 
unnecessarily duplicative regulations. Because this rule would impose 
no new costs, OSHA has made a preliminary determination that the rule 
would be economically feasible.
    OSHA's economic analysis for the Methylene Chloride standard relied 
on extensive surveying activities by contractors. The agency is unable 
to recreate the profile with updated figures at this time. Instead, the 
agency estimated the number of exposed employees based on the number 
estimated in the Final Economic Analysis (237,509) \1\ for the 
Methylene Chloride standard and the change in manufacturing employment 
between 1994 and 2018 (decline of 24.3%).\2\ Based on these figures, 
OSHA estimates that, currently, 179,763 employees may be exposed to 
methylene chloride.
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    \1\ See Docket ID OSHA-H071B-2006-0839-0121.
    \2\ Katelynn Harris, ``Forty years of falling manufacturing 
employment,'' Beyond the Numbers: Employment & Unemployment, vol. 9, 
no. 16 (U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, November 2020), https://
<a href="https://www.bls.gov/opub/btn/volume-9/forty-years-of-falling-manufacturing-employment.htm">https://www.bls.gov/opub/btn/volume-9/forty-years-of-falling-manufacturing-employment.htm</a>. Accessed May 29, 2025.
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    In the 1994 analysis, OSHA estimated that the cost of supplying 
pressure-demand full facepiece respirators (including capital, 
operating and maintenance, and increased air demand) was $197.60 in 
1994 dollars. Inflating that cost to 2024 dollars gives an annual cost 
per employee of $377.42 per year (or $1.51 per shift assuming an 
employee works 50 weeks and 5 shifts per week). OSHA estimates the cost 
of a half mask atmosphere-supplying respirator and eye protection is 
$179 + $10 = $189 (or $0.76 per shift assuming 50 weeks and 5 shifts 
per week).\3\
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    \3\ Based on prices listed on <a href="https://industrialsafety.com/allegro-9920-half-mask-constant-flow-supplied-air-respirator-allegro-9920.html?msclkid=b2e8fd8014f715c302d695c1a50b4a5e&utm_source=bing&utm_medium=cpc&utm_campaign=Shopping%20Ads%20-%20Allegro&utm_term=4584619899315214&utm_content=Ad%20Group%20%231">https://industrialsafety.com/allegro-9920-half-mask-constant-flow-supplied-air-respirator-allegro-9920.html?msclkid=b2e8fd8014f715c302d695c1a50b4a5e&utm_source=bing&utm_medium=cpc&utm_campaign=Shopping%20Ads%20-%20Allegro&utm_term=4584619899315214&utm_content=Ad%20Group%20%231</a>, 
June 5, 2025; https://<a href="https://www.uline.com/Product/Detail/S-22179/Safety-Glasses/Uline-Cruze-Safety-Goggles">https://www.uline.com/Product/Detail/S-22179/Safety-Glasses/Uline-Cruze-Safety-Goggles</a>.
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    OSHA does not currently have sufficient information to quantify how 
many of the exposed employees would use a half mask atmosphere-
supplying respirator. However, if 50 percent of the exposed employees 
were to use half mask atmosphere-supplying respirators instead of full 
facepiece atmosphere-supplying respirators, that could result in 
savings of approximately $17 million annually (or $127 million over 10 
years at a 3 percent discount rate).
    OSHA is seeking comments and data on this preliminary analysis, 
including on the following questions:
    1. How much do employers expect to save based on the increased 
flexibility in respirator selection?
    2. Are there any other savings for employers that would result from 
the proposed change?
    3. Are there any benefits for worker protection that can be 
anticipated from this proposed change?
    4. Are there any costs for employers that would result from this 
change that OSHA has not considered?
    5. How many employees would employers expect to use half mask 
atmosphere-supplying respirators instead of a full facepiece under the 
proposed revisions?
    6. How much familiarization time would employers who are new 
entrants to the market expect to save based on the revisions?
    7. Are there additional categories of cost savings that OSHA has 
not identified?
    8. Would the savings to employers outside of general industry be 
similar to what OSHA has estimated for general industry employers?

A. Review Under the Regulatory Flexibility Act

    The Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.) requires 
preparation of an initial regulatory flexibility analysis (IRFA) and a 
final regulatory flexibility analysis (FRFA) for any rule that by law 
must be proposed for public comment, unless the agency certifies that 
the rule, if promulgated, will not have a significant economic impact 
on a substantial number of small entities.
    OSHA reviewed this proposed rule under the provisions of the 
Regulatory Flexibility Act. This rule would eliminate burdensome 
regulations. Therefore, OSHA initially concludes that the impacts of 
the revisions would not have a ``significant economic impact on a 
substantial number of small entities,'' and that the preparation of an 
IRFA is not warranted. OSHA will transmit this certification and 
supporting statement of factual basis to the Chief Counsel for Advocacy 
of the Small Business Administration for review under 5 U.S.C. 605(b).

B. Review Under Executive Order 12866

    E.O. 12866, ``Regulatory Planning and Review'' (58 FR 51735 (Oct. 
4, 1993)), requires agencies, to the extent permitted by law, to (1) 
propose or adopt a regulation only upon a reasoned determination that 
its benefits justify its costs (recognizing that some benefits and 
costs are difficult to quantify); (2) tailor regulations to impose the 
least burden on society, consistent with obtaining regulatory 
objectives, taking into account, among other things, and to the extent 
practicable, the costs of cumulative regulations; (3) select, in 
choosing among alternative regulatory approaches, those approaches that 
maximize net benefits; (4) to the extent feasible, specify performance 
objectives, rather than specifying the behavior or manner of compliance 
that regulated entities must adopt; and (5) identify and assess 
available alternatives to direct regulation, including providing 
economic incentives to encourage the desired behavior, such as user 
fees or marketable permits, or providing information upon which choices 
can be made by the public.
    Section 6(a) of E.O. 12866 also requires agencies to submit 
``significant

[[Page 28276]]

regulatory actions'' to the Office of Information and Regulatory 
Affairs (OIRA) for review. OIRA has determined that this proposed rule 
would not constitute a ``significant regulatory action'' under section 
3(f) of E.O. 12866. Accordingly, this proposal was not submitted to 
OIRA for review under E.O. 12866.

VI. Additional Requirements

A. Requirements for States With OSHA-Approved State Plans

    Under section 18 of the OSH Act (29 U.S.C. 651 et seq.), Congress 
expressly provides that States may adopt, with Federal approval, a plan 
for the development and enforcement of occupational safety and health 
standards that are ``at least as effective'' as the Federal standards 
in providing safe and healthful employment and places of employment (29 
U.S.C. 667). OSHA refers to these OSHA-approved, State-administered 
occupational safety and health programs as ``State Plans.'' \4\
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    \4\ Of the 29 States and U.S. territories with OSHA-approved 
State Plans, 22 cover public and private-sector employees: Alaska, 
Arizona, California, Hawaii, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Maryland, 
Michigan, Minnesota, Nevada, New Mexico, North Carolina, Oregon, 
Puerto Rico, South Carolina, Tennessee, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, 
Washington, and Wyoming. The remaining six States and one U.S. 
territory cover only State and local government employees: 
Connecticut, Illinois, Maine, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, 
and the Virgin Islands.
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    When Federal OSHA promulgates a new standard or a more stringent 
amendment to an existing standard, State Plans must either amend their 
standards to be identical to, or ``at least as effective as,'' the new 
Federal standard or amendment, or show that an existing State Plan 
standard covering this issue is ``at least as effective'' as the new 
Federal standard or amendment (29 CFR 1953.5(a)). However, when OSHA 
promulgates a new standard or amendment that does not impose additional 
or more stringent requirements than an existing standard, State Plans 
do not have to amend their standards, although they may opt to do so. 
OSHA has preliminarily determined this proposed rule does not impose 
additional or more stringent requirements than the existing standard, 
and therefore State Plans are not required to amend their standards. 
OSHA seeks comment on this assessment of its proposal.

B. OMB Review Under the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995

    The Paperwork Reduction Act (PRA) defines ``collection of 
information'' to mean ``the obtaining, causing to be obtained, 
soliciting, or requiring the disclosure to third parties or the public, 
of facts or opinions by or for an agency, regardless of form or 
format'' (44 U.S.C. 3502(3)(A)). Under the PRA, a Federal agency cannot 
conduct or sponsor a collection of information unless it is approved by 
OMB under the PRA and the agency displays a currently valid OMB control 
number (44 U.S.C. 3507). Also, notwithstanding any other provisions of 
law, no person shall be subject to penalty for failing to comply with a 
collection of information if the collection of information does not 
display a currently valid OMB control number (44 U.S.C. 3512(a)(1)). 
The process for OMB approval is found in 5 CFR part 1320.
    This proposed rule would impose no new information collection 
requirements. Because the revisions are deregulatory and affect only 
minor changes to the existing information collections in the Methylene 
Chloride standard (OMB Control Number 1218-0179), OMB has waived the 
requirements of 5 CFR part 1320 and approved the modified Information 
Collection Request (ICR) under existing OMB Control Number 1218-0179 
(see 5 CFR 1320.18(d)).

C. Environmental Impacts/National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA)

    OSHA has reviewed this proposed rule according to the National 
Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (NEPA) (42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.), as 
amended by the Fiscal Responsibility Act of 2023 (Pub. L. 118-5, 321, 
137 Stat. 10), and the Department of Labor's NEPA procedures (29 CFR 
part 11). OSHA has determined that this proposal would have no impact 
on the quality of the human environment.

D. Other Statutory and Executive Order Considerations

    OSHA has considered its obligations under the Unfunded Mandates 
Reform Act (UMRA) (2 U.S.C. 1501 et seq.) and the Executive Orders on 
Consultation and Coordination With Indian Tribal Governments (E.O. 
13175, 65 FR 67249 (Nov. 6, 2000)), Federalism (E.O. 13132, 64 FR 43255 
(Aug. 10, 1999)), and Protection of Children From Environmental Health 
Risks and Safety Risks (E.O. 13045, 62 FR 19885 (Apr. 23, 1997)). Given 
that this is a proposed deregulatory action that involves the removal 
of requirements, that OSHA does not foresee economic impacts of $100 
million or more, and that the action does not constitute a policy that 
has federalism or tribal implications, OSHA has determined that no 
further agency action or analysis is required to comply with these 
statutes and executive orders. Furthermore, OSHA has determined that 
this proposal is consistent with the policies and directives outlined 
in E.O. 14192, ``Unleashing Prosperity Through Deregulation'' and is an 
Executive Order 14192 deregulatory action.

List of Subjects in 29 CFR Part 1910

    Airborne contaminants, Health, Occupational safety and health, 
Respirators, Respirator selection.

VII. Authority and Signature

    This document was prepared under the direction of Amanda Laihow, 
Acting Assistant Secretary of Labor for Occupational Safety and Health. 
It is issued under the authority of sections 4, 6, and 8 of the 
Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 (29 U.S.C. 653, 655, and 
657), 5 U.S.C. 553, Secretary of Labor's Order No. 8-2020 (85 FR 
58393), and 29 CFR part 1911.

    Dated: June 20, 2025.
Amanda Laihow,
Acting Assistant Secretary of Labor for Occupational Safety and Health.

VIII. Regulatory Text

Proposed Amendments

    For the reasons set forth in the preamble, OSHA is proposing to 
amend 29 CFR part 1910 as follows:

PART 1910--OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH STANDARDS

Subpart Z--Toxic and Hazardous Substances

0
1. The authority for 29 CFR 1910 subpart Z is revised to read as 
follows:

    Authority: 33 U.S.C. 941; 29 U.S.C. 653, 655, 657; Secretary of 
Labor's Order No. 12-71 (36 FR 8754), 8-76 (41 FR 25059), 9-83 (48 
FR 35736), 1-90 (55 FR 9033), 6-96 (62 FR 111), 3-2000 (65 FR 
50017), 5-2002 (67 FR 65008); 5-2007 (72 FR 31160), 4-2010 (75 FR 
55355), 1-2012 (77 FR 3912), or 8-2020 (85 FR 58393); 29 CFR part 
1911; and 5 U.S.C. 553, as applicable.
    All of subpart Z issued under 29 U.S.C. 655(b), except those 
substances that have exposure limits listed in Tables Z-1, Z-2, and 
Z-3 of Sec.  1910.1000. The latter were issued under 29 U.S.C. 
655(a).
    Section 1910.1000, Tables Z-1, Z-2 and Z-3 also issued under 5 
U.S.C. 553, but not under 29 CFR part 1911 except for the arsenic 
(organic compounds), benzene, cotton dust, and chromium (VI) 
listings.
    Section 1910.1001 also issued under 40 U.S.C. 3704 and 5 U.S.C. 
553.
    Section 1910.1002 also issued under 5 U.S.C. 553, but not under 
29 U.S.C. 655 or 29 CFR part 1911.
    Sections 1910.1018, 1910.1029, and 1910.1200 also issued under 
29 U.S.C. 653.
    Section 1910.1030 also issued under Public Law 106-430, 114 
Stat. 1901.

[[Page 28277]]

    Section 1910.1201 also issued under 49 U.S.C. 1801-1819 and 5 
U.S.C. 553.

0
2. Sec.  1910.1052 is revised as follows:
0
a. Revise and republish paragraph (e)(3)
0
b. Revise and republish paragraph (g)(1)
0
c. Revise and republish paragraph (g)(2)(i)
0
d. Revise and republish paragraph (g)(3)(i)
0
e. Remove and reserve paragraph (g)(4)
    The revisions and additions read as follows:
    (e) * * *
    (3) The employer shall supply a respirator, selected in accordance 
with paragraph (g)(3) of this section, to each person who enters a 
regulated area and shall require each affected employee to use that 
respirator whenever MC exposures are likely to exceed the 8-hour TWA 
PEL or STEL.

    Note to paragraph (e)(3): An employer who has implemented all 
feasible engineering, work practice and administrative controls (as 
required in paragraph (f) of this section), and who has established 
a regulated area (as required by paragraph (e)(1) of this section) 
where MC exposure can be reliably predicted to exceed the 8-hour TWA 
PEL or the STEL only on certain days (for example, because of work 
or process schedule) would need to have affected employees use 
respirators in that regulated area only on those days.

    (g) * * *
    (1) General. For employees who use respirators required by this 
section, the employer must provide each employee an appropriate 
respirator that complies with the requirements of this paragraph. 
Respirators must be used when the employer determines that it is 
necessary to protect the health of an employee as required under 29 CFR 
1910.134(a)(2).
    (2) * * *
    (i) The employer must implement a respiratory protection program in 
accordance with Sec.  1910.134(b) through (m) (except (d)(1)(iii)), 
which covers each employee required by this section to use a 
respirator.
    (ii) * * *
    (3) * * *
    (i) Select, and provide to employees, the appropriate atmosphere-
supplying respirator specified in paragraph (d)(3)(i)(A) of 29 CFR 
1910.134.

[FR Doc. 2025-11642 Filed 6-30-25; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4510-26-P


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