Notice2025-05463

Agency Information Collection Activities; Submission to the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) for Review and Approval; Comment Request; Annual Business Survey

Primary source

Metadata and text below are from the Federal Register, a public-domain U.S. government work. Always verify the official published version before relying on it for any legal matter.

Published
March 31, 2025

Issuing agencies

Commerce DepartmentCensus Bureau

Full Text

<html>
<head>
<title>Federal Register, Volume 90 Issue 60 (Monday, March 31, 2025)</title>
</head>
<body><pre>
[Federal Register Volume 90, Number 60 (Monday, March 31, 2025)]
[Notices]
[Pages 14231-14232]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [<a href="http://www.gpo.gov">www.gpo.gov</a>]
[FR Doc No: 2025-05463]


-----------------------------------------------------------------------

DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

Census Bureau


Agency Information Collection Activities; Submission to the 
Office of Management and Budget (OMB) for Review and Approval; Comment 
Request; Annual Business Survey

    The Department of Commerce will submit the following information 
collection request to the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) for 
review and clearance in accordance with the Paperwork Reduction Act of 
1995, on or after the date of publication of this notice. We invite the 
general public and other Federal agencies to comment on proposed, and 
continuing information collections, which helps us assess the impact of 
our information collection requirements and minimize the public's 
reporting burden. Public comments were previously requested via the 
Federal Register on September 22, 2023 during a 60-day comment period. 
This notice allows for an additional 30 days for public comments.
    Agency: U.S. Census Bureau, Commerce.
    Title: Annual Business Survey.
    OMB Control Number: 0607-1004.
    Form Number(s): ABS-1.
    Type of Request: Regular submission, Request for a Revision of a 
Currently Approved Collection.
    Number of Respondents: 230,000.
    Average Hours per Response: 29 minutes.
    Burden Hours: 112,367.
    Needs and Uses: In an effort to improve the measurement of business 
dynamics in the United States, the Census Bureau is conducting the 2025 
Annual Business Survey (ABS), covering reference year 2024. The ABS 
combines Census Bureau firm-level collections to reduce respondent 
burden, increase data quality, reduce operational costs, and operate 
more efficiently. The ABS measures research and development for 
microbusinesses, new business topics such as innovation and technology, 
as well as other business characteristics. Further, the ABS provides 
information on selected economic and demographic characteristics for 
businesses and business owners by sex, ethnicity, race, and veteran 
status. The 2025 ABS is co-sponsored by the National Center for Science 
and Engineering Statistics (NCSES) within the National Science 
Foundation (NSF) and conducted by the Census Bureau.
    Estimates from the Research and Development section of the ABS are 
used as a part of the calculations for investment in quarterly GDP.
    The ABS includes all nonfarm employer businesses filing Internal 
Revenue Service (IRS) tax forms as individual proprietorships, 
partnerships, or any other type of corporation, with receipts of $1,000 
or more. While the 2023 ABS sampled approximately 850,000 employer 
businesses to produce detailed statistics by owner demographics, last 
survey year 2024 ABS (reference year 2023), the sample was reduced to 
approximately 330,000 employer businesses and 8,000 nonprofits to 
reduce the burden on the respondents. For the 2025 ABS, we further 
reduced the sample to 222,000 employer businesses and 8,000 nonprofits. 
The reduced sample size will yield summary-level estimates by owner 
characteristics at the NAICS (North American Industry Classification 
System) sector level, U.S., state, metropolitan statistical area (MSA), 
and county levels. The Census Bureau uses administrative data to 
estimate the probability that a firm belongs in each owner 
characteristic category. The universe is then stratified by employment 
size, owner characteristic probability, and NAICS, with additional 
minor adjustments made to reduce the chance of respondents being 
selected into the sample every year thereby reducing respondent burden 
especially for smaller businesses. The sample is stratified by state, 
industry, and owner characteristics. The Census Bureau selects some 
companies with certainty based on volume of sales, payroll, and number 
of paid employees or NAICS. All certainty cases are sure to be selected 
and represent only themselves.
    The 2025 ABS (reference year 2024) will also sample approximately 
8,000 nonprofit organizations to collect their research activities. Of 
note, nonprofit organizations will only see questions relating to 
research activities and will not be asked any questions relating to 
owner demographics.
    A summary of the changes we are implementing in the 2025 ABS 
follows:
    <bullet> Reduce sample size from 338,000 employer businesses and 
nonprofit organizations to 230,000.
    <bullet> Introduce sampling changes that decrease the chances of 
respondents being selected into the survey year after year. Further, 
mail out strategy changes to remove chronic nonresponders.
    <bullet> Remove Telephone Follow-Up to reduce the type of contacts 
we have with respondents and increase cost savings.
    <bullet> Streamline content--Content removed includes questions on 
work from home, sexual orientation, gender identity, business 
collaboration with other entities like universities, and management 
practices.
    The ABS is designed to be adaptive. New content each survey year 
can be incorporated based on topics of relevance. Each year, new 
questions will be submitted to the Office of Management and Budget 
(OMB) for approval. The ABS consists of a core set of questions that do 
not change, and a variable set of questions of topical relevance which 
change annually. The core questions, due to their stable nature, are 
cleared every three years along with 60- and 30-day notices published 
in the Federal Register. The core questions were last cleared in 2024. 
The variable topical questions are submitted to the Office of 
Management and Budget each year along with a 30-day notice.
    Employer businesses will be asked questions about the sex, 
ethnicity, race, and veteran status for up to four persons owning the 
majority of rights, equity, or interest in the business. Organizations 
sampled as nonprofits and respondents with 1-9 employees will be asked 
about research and development (R&D) activities, R&D costs, and R&D 
capital expenditures. Further, employer businesses sampled will be 
asked about the following topics: Goods, Services, and Business 
Processes. These sections are also known as modules. The 2025 ABS 
(reference year 2024) will not contain any new or variable content. We 
do plan to add variable content on Management Practices next year to 
the 2026 ABS (reference year 2025).
    The ABS is collected electronically using a web-based 
questionnaire. Respondents selected for the survey receive an initial 
letter informing them of their requirement to complete the survey as 
well as instructions on accessing the survey. The 2025 ABS initial 
mailing is scheduled for July 2025. Responses will be due approximately 
30 days from initial mailing. Respondents will also receive a due date 
reminder approximately one week before responses are due. The Census 
Bureau plans to conduct two follow-up mailings and an optional third 
follow-up if deemed necessary based on quality of response data at that 
time. The Census Bureau may also plan to conduct an email follow-up to 
select

[[Page 14232]]

nonrespondents reminding them to submit their report in the electronic 
instrument. Closeout of mail operations is scheduled for December 2025 
but may be extended to allow ample time to receive returned forms if 
necessary. Response data will be processed as they are received. Upon 
the close of the collection period, data processing will continue, and 
records will be edited, reviewed, tabulated, and disseminated.
    Statistics from the ABS will be used by government program 
officials, industry organization leaders, economic and social analysts, 
business entrepreneurs, and domestic and foreign researchers in 
business, government and academia. Estimates produced on R&D and 
innovation may be used to compare R&D costs across industries, 
determine where R&D activity is conducted geographically, and identify 
the types of businesses with R&D; to contribute to the Bureau of 
Economic Analysis (BEA) system of national accounts; to increase 
investments in research and development, strengthen education, and 
encourage entrepreneurship; and to compare business innovation in the 
United States to other countries. Results of the research activities 
data collected from nonprofit organizations will be used to report 
updated, valid, and reliable estimates of U.S. nonprofit R&D in 
National Patterns of R&D Resources and BEA's system of national 
accounts.
    The data collected by ABS will also be incorporated into the 
National Science Board's biennial report, Science and Engineering 
Indicators (SEI). The R&D data from the nonprofit module will be 
reported in periodic publications and for comparisons of R&D efforts. 
NCSES also anticipates professional associations will use data from the 
nonprofit module.
    Additional examples of data use include:
    <bullet> The National Women's Business Council to assess the state 
of women's business ownership for policymakers, researchers, and the 
public at large.
    <bullet> Consultants and researchers to analyze long-term economic 
and demographic shifts, and differences in ownership and performance 
among geographic areas.
    <bullet> Individual business owners to analyze their operations in 
comparison to similar firms, compute their market share, and assess 
their growth and future prospects.
    Frequency: Annually.
    Respondent's Obligation: Mandatory.
    Legal Authority: Title 13, United States Code, sections 8(b), 131, 
and 182; title 42, United States Code, section 1861-76 (National 
Science Foundation Act of 1950, as amended); and section 505 within the 
America COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010 authorize this collection. 
Sections 224 and 225 of title 13, United States Code, require a 
response from sampled firms.
    This information collection request may be viewed at 
<a href="http://www.reginfo.gov">www.reginfo.gov</a>. Follow the instructions to view the Department of 
Commerce collections currently under review by OMB.
    Written comments and recommendations for the proposed information 
collection should be submitted within 30 days of the publication of 
this notice on the following website <a href="http://www.reginfo.gov/public/do/PRAMain">www.reginfo.gov/public/do/PRAMain</a>. 
Find this particular information collection by selecting ``Currently 
under 30-day Review--Open for Public Comments'' or by using the search 
function and entering either the title of the collection or the OMB 
Control Number 0607-1004.

Sheleen Dumas,
Departmental PRA Compliance Officer, Office of the Under Secretary for 
Economic Affairs, Commerce Department.
[FR Doc. 2025-05463 Filed 3-28-25; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 3510-07-P


</pre></body>
</html>
Indexed from Federal Register on March 31, 2025.

This is legal information, not legal advice. Laws vary by jurisdiction and change frequently. Always verify current law with official sources and consult a licensed attorney in your jurisdiction for advice on your specific situation.