Notice2024-30318
International Sanitary and Phytosanitary Standard-Setting Activities
Primary source
Metadata and text below are from the Federal Register, a public-domain U.S. government work. Always verify the official published version before relying on it for any legal matter.
Published
December 19, 2024
Issuing agencies
Agriculture DepartmentAnimal and Plant Health Inspection Service
Abstract
In accordance with section 491 of the Trade Agreements Act of 1979, as amended, and legislation implementing the results of the Uruguay Round of negotiations under the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, we are informing the public of the international standard- setting activities of the World Organization for Animal Health, the Secretariat of the International Plant Protection Convention, and the North American Plant Protection Organization, and we are soliciting public comment on these standard-setting activities.
Full Text
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<title>Federal Register, Volume 89 Issue 244 (Thursday, December 19, 2024)</title>
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[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 244 (Thursday, December 19, 2024)]
[Notices]
[Pages 103765-103769]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [<a href="http://www.gpo.gov">www.gpo.gov</a>]
[FR Doc No: 2024-30318]
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DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
[Docket No. APHIS-2024-0009]
International Sanitary and Phytosanitary Standard-Setting
Activities
AGENCY: Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, USDA.
ACTION: Notice and request for comments.
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SUMMARY: In accordance with section 491 of the Trade Agreements Act of
1979, as amended, and legislation implementing the results of the
Uruguay Round of negotiations under the General Agreement on Tariffs
and Trade, we are informing the public of the international standard-
setting activities of the World Organization for Animal Health, the
Secretariat of the International Plant Protection Convention, and the
North American Plant Protection Organization, and we are soliciting
public comment on these standard-setting activities.
ADDRESSES: You may submit comments by either of the following methods:
<bullet> Federal eRulemaking Portal: Go to <a href="http://www.regulations.gov">www.regulations.gov</a>.
Enter APHIS-2024-0009 in the Search field. Select the Documents tab,
then select the Comment button in the list of documents.
<bullet> Postal Mail/Commercial Delivery: Send your comment to
Docket No. APHIS-2024-0009, Regulatory Analysis and Development, PPD,
APHIS, Station 3A-03.8, 4700 River Road, Unit 118, Riverdale, MD 20737-
1238.
Supporting documents and any comments we receive on this docket may
be viewed at <a href="http://regulations.gov">regulations.gov</a> or in our reading room, which is located
in Room 1620 of the USDA South Building, 14th Street and Independence
Avenue SW, Washington, DC. Normal reading room hours are 8 a.m. to 4:30
p.m., Monday through Friday, except holidays. To be sure someone is
there to help you, please call (202) 799-7039 before coming.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: For general information on the topics
covered in this notice, contact Mr. Eric Nichols, Director, Trade
Support Team, APHIS-IS, Room 1627-S, USDA South Building, 14th Street
and Independence Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20250; (202) 799-7122.
For specific information regarding standard-setting activities of
the World Organization for Animal Health, contact Dr. Paul Gary Egrie,
Office of International Affairs, Veterinary Services, APHIS, 4700 River
Road, Unit 33, Riverdale, MD 20737; (227) 215-2876.
For specific information regarding the standard-setting activities
of the International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC), contact Dr.
Marina Zlotina, IPPC Technical Director, International Phytosanitary
Standards, Plant Protection and Quarantine, APHIS, 4700 River Road,
Riverdale, MD 20737; (301) 832-0611; <a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#0f626e7d66616e216e217563607b66616e4f7a7c6b6e21686079"><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="bdd0dccfd4d3dc93dc93c7d1d2c9d4d3dcfdc8ced9dc93dad2cb">[email protected]</span></a>.
For specific information on the North American Plant Protection
Organization (NAPPO), contact Stephanie Dubon, NAPPO Technical
Director, International Phytosanitary Standards, Plant Protection and
Quarantine, APHIS, 4700 River Road, Riverdale, MD 20737; (301) 332-
9071; <a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#62311607120a030c0b074c2f4c2617000d0c22171106034c050d14"><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="a8fbdccdd8c0c9c6c1cd86e586ecddcac7c6e8dddbccc986cfc7de">[email protected]</span></a>.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
[[Page 103766]]
Background
The World Trade Organization (WTO) was established as the common
international institutional framework for governing trade relations
among its members in matters related to the Uruguay Round Agreements.
The WTO is the successor organization to the General Agreement on
Tariffs and Trade. U.S. membership in the WTO was approved by Congress
when it enacted the Uruguay Round Agreements Act (Pub. L. 103-465),
which was signed into law on December 8, 1994. The WTO Agreements,
which established the WTO, entered into force with respect to the
United States on January 1, 1995. The Uruguay Round Agreements Act
amended Title IV of the Trade Agreements Act of 1979 (19 U.S.C. 2531 et
seq.). Section 491 of the Trade Agreements Act of 1979, as amended (19
U.S.C. 2578), requires the President to designate an agency to be
responsible for informing the public of the sanitary and phytosanitary
standard-setting (SPS) activities of each international standard-
setting organization. The designated agency must inform the public by
publishing an annual notice in the Federal Register that provides the
following information: (1) The SPS standards under consideration or
planned for consideration by the SPS organization; and (2) for each SPS
standard specified, a description of the consideration or planned
consideration of that standard, a statement of whether the United
States is participating or plans to participate in the consideration of
that standard, the agenda for U.S. participation, if any, and the
agency responsible for representing the United States with respect to
that standard.
``International standard'' is defined in 19 U.S.C. 2578b as any
standard, guideline, or recommendation: (1) Adopted by the Codex
Alimentarius Commission (Codex) regarding food safety; (2) developed
under the auspices of the World Organization for Animal Health (WOAH)
\1\ regarding animal health; (3) developed under the auspices of the
Secretariat of the International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC or
the Convention) and the North American Plant Protection Organization
(NAPPO) regarding plant health; or (4) established by or developed
under any other international organization agreed to by the member
countries of the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA) or the
member countries of the WTO.
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\1\ The World Organization for Animal Health internationally
follows a British English spelling of ``organisation'' in its name;
it was formerly the Office International des Epizooties, or OIE, but
on May 28, 2022, the organization announced that the acronym was
changed from OIE to WOAH.
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The President, pursuant to Proclamation No. 6780 of March 23, 1995
(60 FR 15845), designated the Secretary of Agriculture as the official
responsible for informing the public of the SPS activities of Codex,
WOAH, IPPC, and NAPPO. The U.S. Codex Office (USCO), in the United
States Department of Agriculture's (USDA's) Trade and Foreign Affairs
mission area, informs the public of standard-setting activities of
Codex, and the USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS)
informs the public of WOAH, IPPC, and NAPPO standard-setting
activities.
USCO publishes an annual notice in the Federal Register to inform
the public of SPS activities for Codex (86 FR 29987). Codex was
established in 1963 by two United Nations organizations, the Food and
Agriculture Organization and the World Health Organization. It is the
principle international organization for establishing food standards
that protect consumer health and promote fair practices in food trade.
APHIS is responsible for publishing an annual notice of WOAH, IPPC,
and NAPPO activities related to international standards for plant and
animal health and representing the United States with respect to these
standards. Following are descriptions of the WOAH, IPPC, and NAPPO
organizations and the standard-setting agenda for each of these
organizations. We have described the agenda that each of these
organizations will address at their annual general sessions, including
standards that may be presented for adoption or consideration, as well
as other initiatives that may be underway at the WOAH, IPPC, and NAPPO.
The agendas for these meetings are subject to change, and the draft
standards identified in this notice may not be sufficiently developed
and ready for adoption as indicated. Also, while it is the intent of
the United States to support adoption of international standards and to
participate actively and fully in their development, it should be
recognized that the U.S. position on a specific draft standard will
depend on the acceptability of the final draft. Given the dynamic and
interactive nature of the standard-setting process, we encourage any
persons who are interested in the most current details about a specific
draft standard or the U.S. position on a particular standard-setting
issue, or in providing comments on a specific standard that may be
under development, to contact APHIS. Contact information is provided at
the beginning of this notice under FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT.
WOAH Standard-Setting Activities
The WOAH was established in Paris, France, in 1924, with the
signing of an international agreement by 28 countries. It is currently
composed of 183 Members, each of which is represented by a delegate
who, in most cases, is the chief veterinary officer of that country or
territory. The Deputy Administrator of APHIS' Veterinary Services
program is the U.S. Chief Veterinary Officer and serves as the official
U.S. Delegate to the WOAH. The WTO has recognized the WOAH as the
international forum for setting animal health standards, reporting
global animal disease events, and presenting guidelines and
recommendations on sanitary measures relating to animal health.
The WOAH facilitates intergovernmental cooperation to prevent the
spread of contagious diseases in animals by sharing scientific research
among its Members. The major functions of the WOAH are to collect and
disseminate information on the distribution and occurrence of animal
diseases and to ensure that science-based standards govern animal
disease control efforts and international trade in animals and animal
products. The WOAH also aims to achieve these objectives through the
development and revision of international standards for diagnostic
tests and vaccines.
The WOAH provides annual reports on the global distribution of
animal diseases, recognizes Members' disease status for certain
diseases, categorizes animal diseases with respect to their
international significance, publishes bulletins on global disease
status, and provides animal disease control guidelines to Members.
Various WOAH commissions and working groups undertake the development
and preparation of draft standards, which are then circulated to
Members for consultation (review and comment). Draft standards are
revised accordingly and are presented to WOAH's World Assembly of
Delegates (all the Members) for review and adoption during the General
Session, which meets annually every spring. Adoption, as a general
rule, is based on consensus of the WOAH membership.
The 90th WOAH General Session was held from May 21 to 25, 2023, in
Paris, France. The following are some of the chapters adopted into code
during the 90th Session; visit <a href="https://www.woah.org/en/what-we-do/standards/codes-and-manuals/">https://www.woah.org/en/what-we-do/standards/codes-and-manuals/</a> for a full list of the current WOAH codes
and manuals:
[[Page 103767]]
<bullet> User's Guide.
<bullet> Glossary.
<bullet> Chapter 1.3., Diseases, Infections, and Infestations
Listed by WOAH.
<bullet> Chapter 8.14., Infection with Rabies Virus.
<bullet> Chapter 8.15., Infection with Rift Valley Fever Virus.
<bullet> Chapter 10.9., Infection with Newcastle Disease Virus.
<bullet> Chapter 11.4., Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy.
<bullet> Chapter 12.2., Contagious Equine Metritis.
<bullet> Chapter 12.2., Infection with Taylorella equigenitalis
(Contagious Equine Metritis).
<bullet> Chapter 12.6., Infection with Equine Influenza Virus.
<bullet> Chapter 12.7., Infection with Theileria equi and Babesia
caballi (Equine Piroplasmosis).
<bullet> Chapter 14.X., Infection with Theileria Lestoquardi, T.
Luwenshuni and T. Uilenbergi.
<bullet> Chapter 16.1., Infection with Middle East Respiratory
Syndrome Coronavirus.
<bullet> Chapter 8.Y., Infection with Leishmania Spp.
Leishmaniosis.
More information on the standards currently under consideration and
how comments are solicited may be found at <a href="https://www.aphis.usda.gov/international-standards/woah">https://www.aphis.usda.gov/international-standards/woah</a> or by contacting Dr. Paul Gary Egrie (see
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT above).
IPPC Standard-Setting Activities
The IPPC is a multilateral convention adopted in 1952 to prevent
the spread and introduction of pests of plants and plant products and
to promote appropriate measures for their control. The WTO recognizes
the IPPC as the standard-setting body for plant health. Under the IPPC,
the understanding of plant protection encompasses the protection of
both cultivated and non-cultivated plants from direct or indirect
injury by plant pests. The IPPC addresses the following activities:
Developing, adopting, and implementing international standards for
phytosanitary (plant health) measures (ISPMs); harmonizing
phytosanitary activities through adopted standards; facilitating the
exchange of official and scientific information among contracting
parties; and providing technical assistance to developing countries
that are contracting parties to the Convention.
The IPPC is deposited within the Food and Agriculture Organization
of the United Nations and is an international agreement of 185
contracting parties. National plant protection organizations (NPPOs),
in cooperation with regional plant protection organizations, the
Commission on Phytosanitary Measures (CPM), and the Secretariat of the
IPPC, implement the Convention. The IPPC continues to be administered
at the national level by plant quarantine officials, whose primary
objective is to safeguard plant resources from injurious pests. In the
United States, the NPPO is the APHIS Plant Protection and Quarantine
(PPQ) program.
The 17th Session of the CPM was held in Rome, Italy, from March 27
to March 31, 2023.
The U.S. CPM adopted the following international phytosanitary
standards in 2023. The United States develops its position on each of
these draft standards prior to the CPM session based on APHIS' analyses
and other relevant information from other U.S. Government agencies and
interested stakeholders:
<bullet> ISPM 5: Glossary of phytosanitary terms (2021 revisions).
<bullet> Annex to ISPM 20 (Guidelines for a phytosanitary import
regulatory system): Use of specific import authorizations.
<bullet> Revision of ISPM 18 (Requirements for the use of
irradiation as a phytosanitary measure).
The following phytosanitary treatments were adopted as Annexes to
ISPM 28:
<bullet> Phytosanitary treatments for regulated pests: PT 45:
Irradiation treatment for Pseudococcus jackbeardsleyi.
IPPC Standard-Setting Initiatives, Including Those Under Development
A number of expert working group (EWG) meetings and technical
consultations took place from October 2022 through September 2023 on
the topics listed below. These IPPC projects are currently under
development and intended for future adoption and publication. APHIS
participated actively and fully in most of these drafting groups. APHIS
developed its position on each of the topics prior to the working group
meeting. The APHIS position was based on relevant scientific
information and technical analyses, including information from other
U.S. Government agencies and from interested stakeholders:
<bullet> EWG for revision of ISPMs on Pest Risk Analysis.
<bullet> EWG for revision of ISPM 26 (Establishment of pest-free
areas for fruit flies).
<bullet> EWG for drafting Annex to ISPM 23 (Guidelines for
inspection): Field inspection (including growing season inspection).
<bullet> Technical Panel on Commodity Standards (TPCS) drafted the
first commodity standard as an Annex to ISPM 46 (Commodity-specific
standards for phytosanitary measures): International movement of mango
fresh fruit (Mangifera indica).
<bullet> Publishing of ``IPPC Guide to support the implementation
of ISPM 15.''
<bullet> Technical Panel on Diagnostic Protocols.
<bullet> Technical Panel on Phytosanitary Treatments.
<bullet> Technical Panel for the Glossary.
The IPPC electronic certification system (ePhyto) solution also
progressed in 2023. There are currently 98 trading partners that are
connected and actively sharing ePhytos through the system; APHIS
continues to make important contributions to advancing the development
of an international ePhyto system, including: (1) Providing ongoing
input and support at the IPPC through the Bureau, SPG, Commission, and
other international fora; (2) generating regional support for this new
electronic exchange system at the hemispheric level through NAPPO and
the Inter-American Coordinating Group for Plant Protection (GICSV); and
(3) actively working on a long-term funding solution that will be
necessary to sustain ePhyto into the future. For more detailed
information on the above, contact Dr. Marina Zlotina (see FOR FURTHER
INFORMATION CONTACT above).
PPQ actively works to achieve broad participation by States,
industry, and other stakeholders in the development and use of
international and regional plant health standards, including through
the use of APHIS Stakeholder Registry notices \2\ and the APHIS public
website. Plant health stakeholders are strongly encouraged to submit
topics for new IPPC standards and comment on draft standards,
documents, and specifications during the consultation periods.
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\2\ To sign up for the Stakeholder Registry, go to: <a href="https://public.govdelivery.com/accounts/USDAAPHIS/subscriber/new">https://public.govdelivery.com/accounts/USDAAPHIS/subscriber/new</a>.
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In 2023, 12 draft documents were open for consultation, including
specifications, a Commission on Phytosanitary Measures (CPM)
recommendation, standards, diagnostic protocols, and phytosanitary
treatments. APHIS posts links to draft standards on its website as they
become available and provides information on the due dates for
comments.\3\ Additional information
[[Page 103768]]
on IPPC standards (including the IPPC work program (list of topics,\4\)
calls for new standards, experts to serve on technical panels and other
working groups, proposed phytosanitary treatments, the standard-setting
process, and adopted standards) is available on the IPPC website.\5\
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\3\ For more information on the IPPC draft ISPM consultation, go
to: <a href="https://www.aphis.usda.gov/international-standards/plant-health-standards/draft">https://www.aphis.usda.gov/international-standards/plant-health-standards/draft</a>.
\4\ IPPC list of topics: <a href="https://www.ippc.int/en/core-activities/standards-setting/list-topics-ippc-standards/">https://www.ippc.int/en/core-activities/standards-setting/list-topics-ippc-standards/</a>.
\5\ IPPC website: <a href="https://www.ippc.int/">https://www.ippc.int/</a>.
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For the most current information on official U.S. participation in
IPPC activities, including U.S. positions on standards being
considered, contact Dr. Marina Zlotina (see FOR FURTHER INFORMATION
CONTACT above). Those wishing to provide comments on any of the areas
of work being undertaken by the IPPC may do so at any time by
responding to this notice (see ADDRESSES above) or by providing
comments through Dr. Zlotina.
NAPPO Standard-Setting Activities
NAPPO, a regional plant protection organization created in 1976
under the IPPC, coordinates the efforts among the United States,
Canada, and Mexico to protect their plant resources from the entry,
establishment, and spread of harmful plant pests, while facilitating
safe intra- and inter-regional trade. As the NPPO of the United States,
APHIS PPQ is the organization officially identified to participate in
NAPPO. Through NAPPO, APHIS works closely with its regional
counterparts and industries to develop harmonized regional standards
and approaches for managing pest threats.
This critical work facilitates the safe movement of plants and
plant products into and within the region. NAPPO conducts its work
through priority-driven projects approved by the NAPPO Executive
Committee via an annual work program. These projects are completed by
expert groups, including subject matter experts from each member
country and regional industry representatives. Project results and
updates are provided during the NAPPO annual meeting as well as NAPPO
governance meetings. Projects can include the development of positions,
policies, technical documents, or the development or revision of
regional standards for phytosanitary measures (RSPMs). Projects can
also include implementation of standards or other capacity development
activities such as workshops.
The PPQ Associate Deputy Administrator, as the official U.S.
delegate to NAPPO, intends to participate in the adoption of these
regional plant health standards and projects on the work program once
they are completed and ready for consideration.
The 45th NAPPO annual meeting was held virtually from October 18 to
20, 2022, and hosted by Canada. The meeting featured several strategic
topics related to NAPPO's work program (e.g., seeds, forest pests, lab
accreditation, plants for planting, biological control, and risk-based
sampling), as well as discussions on sea containers, invasive species,
the International Year of Plant Health (IYPH), the USMCA, and a live
ePhyto exchange demonstration between the United States and Jamaica.
The meeting also featured a 1-day symposium on the decision-making
procedures used by the three countries (Canada, Mexico, and the United
States) when an exotic plant pest is confirmed in a NAPPO member
country. The NAPPO Executive Committee meetings took place on the
impacts of climate change on plant health.
NAPPO governance committees, including NAPPO's Executive Committee
and the Advisory and Management Committee, as well as expert groups,
continue to communicate and meet virtually on a regular basis to
actively make progress on NAPPO strategic and work program initiatives.
The PPQ Associate Deputy Administrator or PPQ designee is the U.S.
member of the NAPPO Executive Committee. The NAPPO Executive Committee
met November 9, 2022; March 8, 2023; and June 28, 2023. The NAPPO
Executive Committee adopted one regional standard between October 1,
2022, and September 30, 2023: Revisions to RSPM 35: Guidelines for the
movement of propagative plant material of stone fruit, pome fruit, and
grapevine into a NAPPO member country.
NAPPO's Advisory and Management Committee (AMC) continues to
regularly meet virtually and in person. The AMC selects and onboards
experts to newly launched NAPPO expert groups; addresses pending work
program initiatives; makes recommendations to the Executive Committee;
provides day-to-day oversight of NAPPO; and provides expert input and
direction on financial, programmatic, and operational issues at NAPPO.
The NAPPO expert groups, including member countries' subject matter
experts, in collaboration with NAPPO's Secretariat, significantly made
progress on or finalized the following regional standards from October
2022 through September 2023:
<bullet> Completed the development or revision and consultation of
the following regional standards: Revision of RSPM 35: Guidelines for
the movement of propagative plant material of stone fruit, pome fruit,
and grapevine into a NAPPO member country; Update to NAPPO Discussion
Document 05: Management of Huanglongbing (HLB) and its vector, the
Asian-Citrus Psyllid, Diaphorina citri; Guidance document on ISPM 25:
Standardization of responsibilities and actions for safeguarding
consignments that have transited one NAPPO country to enter another
NAPPO country.
<bullet> Issued via NAPPO's Phytosanitary Alert System: 22 Official
Pest Reports from October 1, 2022, to September 30, 2023.
New NAPPO Standard-Setting Initiatives, Including Those in Development
The 2023 work program \6\ includes topics being worked on by NAPPO
expert groups and NAPPO's Advisory and Management Committee. APHIS
actively and fully participates in the development and approval of the
NAPPO work program. The APHIS position on each topic is guided and
informed by the best technical and scientific information available, as
well as on relevant input from stakeholders. For each of the following,
where applicable, the United States will consider its position on any
draft standard after it reviews a prepared draft. Information regarding
the following NAPPO projects, assignments, activities, and updates on
meeting times and locations may be obtained from the NAPPO website or
by contacting Stephanie Dubon (see FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT
above).
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\6\ NAPPO work program: <a href="https://nappo.org/english/governance/work-program">https://nappo.org/english/governance/work-program</a>.
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1. Seed Diagnostics: A pilot for the harmonization of diagnostic
protocols for seed pests focused on Tomato brown rugose fruit virus
(ToBRFV).
2. Development of harmonized regional guidance for North America
based on ISPM 25: Consignments in transit and the IPPC Transit Manual.
The information in this notice contains all the information
available to APHIS PPQ on NAPPO standards or projects under development
or consideration. For updates on meeting times and for information on
the expert groups that may become available following publication of
this notice, visit the NAPPO website or contact Stephanie Dubon (see
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT above).
PPQ actively works to achieve broad participation by States,
industry, and other stakeholders in the development
[[Page 103769]]
and use of international and regional plant health standards, including
through the use of APHIS Stakeholder Registry notices \7\ and the APHIS
public website. Plant health stakeholders are strongly encouraged to
comment on draft standards, documents, and specifications during
consultation periods. APHIS posts links to draft standards on the
website as they become available and provides information on the due
dates for comments.\8\ Additional information on NAPPO standards
(including the NAPPO work program, calls for projects, expert groups,
the standard-setting process, and adopted standards) is available on
the NAPPO website.\9\
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\7\ To sign up for the Stakeholder Registry, go to: <a href="https://public.govdelivery.com/accounts/USDAAPHIS/subscriber/new">https://public.govdelivery.com/accounts/USDAAPHIS/subscriber/new</a>.
\8\ For more information on NAPPO consultation: <a href="https://www.aphis.usda.gov/international-standards/plant-health-standards/draft">https://www.aphis.usda.gov/international-standards/plant-health-standards/draft</a>.
\9\ NAPPO website: <a href="http://nappo.org">http://nappo.org</a>.
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For the most current information on official U.S. participation in
NAPPO activities, including U.S. positions on standards being
considered, contact Stephanie Dubon (see FOR FURTHER INFORMATION
CONTACT above). Those wishing to provide comments on any of the areas
of work being undertaken at NAPPO may do so at any time by responding
to this notice (see ADDRESSES above) or by providing comments through
Stephanie Dubon.
Done in Washington, DC, this 16th day of December 2024.
Michael Watson,
Administrator, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service.
[FR Doc. 2024-30318 Filed 12-18-24; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 3410-34-P
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