Notice2024-23724
Notice of Inventory Completion: Fernbank Museum of Natural History, Atlanta, GA
Primary source
Metadata and text below are from the Federal Register, a public-domain U.S. government work. Always verify the official published version before relying on it for any legal matter.
Published
October 15, 2024
Issuing agencies
Interior DepartmentNational Park Service
Abstract
In accordance with the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA), Fernbank Museum of Natural History has completed an inventory of human remains and associated funerary objects and has determined that there is a cultural affiliation between the human remains and associated funerary objects and Indian Tribes or Native Hawaiian organizations in this notice.
Full Text
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<title>Federal Register, Volume 89 Issue 199 (Tuesday, October 15, 2024)</title>
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[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 199 (Tuesday, October 15, 2024)]
[Notices]
[Pages 83042-83044]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [<a href="http://www.gpo.gov">www.gpo.gov</a>]
[FR Doc No: 2024-23724]
[[Page 83042]]
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DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
National Park Service
[NPS-WASO-NAGPRA-NPS0038883; PPWOCRADN0-PCU00RP14.R50000]
Notice of Inventory Completion: Fernbank Museum of Natural
History, Atlanta, GA
AGENCY: National Park Service, Interior.
ACTION: Notice.
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SUMMARY: In accordance with the Native American Graves Protection and
Repatriation Act (NAGPRA), Fernbank Museum of Natural History has
completed an inventory of human remains and associated funerary objects
and has determined that there is a cultural affiliation between the
human remains and associated funerary objects and Indian Tribes or
Native Hawaiian organizations in this notice.
DATES: Repatriation of the human remains and associated funerary
objects in this notice may occur on or after November 14, 2024.
ADDRESSES: Wil Grewe-Mullins, Fernbank Museum of Natural History, 767
Clifton Rd. NE, Atlanta, GA 30307, telephone (404) 929-6312, email
<a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#2b7c4247056c594e5c4e06665e47474245586b4d4e5945494a4540465e584e5e460544594c"><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="9dcaf4f1b3daeff8eaf8b0d0e8f1f1f4f3eeddfbf8eff3fffcf3f6f0e8eef8e8f0b3f2effa">[email protected]</span></a>.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: This notice is published as part of the
National Park Service's administrative responsibilities under NAGPRA.
The determinations in this notice are the sole responsibility of the
Fernbank Museum of Natural History, and additional information on the
determinations in this notice, including the results of consultation,
can be found in its inventory or related records. The National Park
Service is not responsible for the determinations in this notice.
Abstract of Information Available
Human remains representing, at minimum, one individual have been
identified from 9LI43, Cunningham Mound A, on St. Catherines Island in
Liberty County, Georgia. The four associated funerary objects include
one lot ceramic sherds, one lot lithic debitage, one lithic flake tool,
and one lot soil samples. These materials were recovered during
archaeological excavations conducted in 1975 and 1977 by the American
Museum of Natural History (AMNH) under the direction of Dr. David Hurst
Thomas. The remains were subsequently subjected to bioarcheological
study under the direction of Dr. Clark S. Larsen, working in
collaboration with the AMNH. After storage for intervals at the AMNH
and on St. Catherines Island, the remains and funerary objects were
transferred in 2004 to Fernbank Museum of Natural History by the St.
Catherines Island and Edward John Noble Foundations.
Human remains representing, at minimum, five individuals have been
identified from 9LI45, Cunningham Mound C, on St. Catherines Island in
Liberty County, Georgia. The 19 associated funerary objects include one
lot ceramic sherds, one animal bone, two glass fragments, one
groundstone object, eight pieces of lithic debitage, one biface, one
projectile point, one nail or spike, one lot of unworked shell, one
unmodified stone, and one soil sample. These materials were recovered
during archaeological excavations conducted in 1975 and 1977 by the
AMNH under the direction of Dr. David Hurst Thomas. The remains were
subsequently subjected to bioarcheological study under the direction of
Dr. Clark S. Larsen, working in collaboration with the AMNH. After
storage for intervals at the AMNH and on St. Catherines Island, the
remains were transferred in 2004 to Fernbank Museum of Natural History
by the St. Catherines Island and Edward John Noble Foundations. The
remains are all adults and at least two represent females. At least
some burials occurred as extended or cremated interments. Funerary
objects recovered from the site were also transferred to Fernbank in
2004.
Human remains representing, at minimum, three individuals have been
identified from 9LI46, Cunningham Mound D, on St. Catherines Island in
Liberty County, Georgia. The 66 associated funerary objects include two
unmodified stone objects, two hammerstones, one metal bead, one glass
bead, two pieces of copper, one metal shot or bullet, one lot ceramic
sherds, 37 nails or spikes, 11 projectile points, six scrapers, one lot
coffin wood, and one lithic flake. These materials were recovered
during archaeological excavations conducted from 1976-1977 by the AMNH
under the direction of Dr. David Hurst Thomas. The remains were
subsequently subjected to bioarcheological study under the direction of
Dr. Clark S. Larsen, working in collaboration with the AMNH. After
storage for intervals at the AMNH and on St. Catherines Island, the
remains were transferred in 2004 to Fernbank Museum of Natural History
by the St. Catherines Island and Edward John Noble Foundations. The
remains are all adults and at least one is female and another male. At
least some burials occurred as flexed or bundled interments. Funerary
objects recovered from the site were also transferred to Fernbank in
2004.
Human remains representing, at minimum, one individual have been
identified from 9LI28, Cunningham Mound E, on St. Catherines Island in
Liberty County, Georgia. The two associated funerary objects include
one lot of ceramic sherds and one piece of lithic debitage. These
materials were recovered during archaeological excavations conducted
around 1970 by the University of Georgia under the direction of Dr.
Joseph R. Caldwell, and from 1976-1977 by the AMNH under the direction
of Dr. David Hurst Thomas. The remains were subsequently subjected to
bioarcheological study under the direction of Dr. Clark S. Larsen,
working in collaboration with the AMNH. After storage for intervals at
University of Georgia, the AMNH, and on St. Catherines Island, the
remains were transferred in 2004 to Fernbank Museum of Natural History
by the St. Catherines Island and Edward John Noble Foundations. The
remains represent an adult female interred in a bundle. Funerary
objects recovered from the site were also transferred to Fernbank in
2004.
Human remains representing, at minimum, 70 individuals have been
identified from 9LI18, John's Mound, on St. Catherines Island in
Liberty County, Georgia. The 214 associated funerary objects include
one lot ceramic sherds, one lot non-human bone, one polished human
phalanx, two bone awls, three ceramic vessels, three quartz cobbles,
one pearl, one sand dollar, one unmodified stone, one groundstone
object, 193 shell beads, one lot marine shell, and five soil samples.
These materials were recovered during archaeological excavations
conducted in 1969-1970 by the University of Georgia under the direction
of Dr. Joseph R. Caldwell. The remains were subsequently subjected to
bioarcheological study under the direction of Dr. Clark S. Larsen,
working in collaboration with the AMNH. After storage for intervals at
University of Georgia and on St. Catherines Island, the remains were
transferred in 2004 to Fernbank Museum of Natural History by the St.
Catherines Island and Edward John Noble Foundations. The remains
represent at least 44 adults and 13 sub-adults, 13 of which have been
identified as female and 16 male. Burials occurred as bundled and
extended interments. Funerary objects recovered from the site were also
transferred to Fernbank in 2004.
Human remains representing, at minimum, five individuals were
[[Page 83043]]
recovered from 9LI20, Mary's Mound, on St. Catherines Island in Liberty
County, Georgia. The 25 associated funerary objects include six whole
and partial ceramic vessels, two awls, one lot ceramic sherds, one
lithic flake, one pipe fragment, 10 modified whelk shells, three
unmodified marine shells, and one lot non-human bone. These materials
were recovered during archaeological excavations conducted in 1970 by
the University of Georgia under the direction of Dr. Joseph Caldwell,
and in 1977 by the AMNH under the direction of Dr. David Hurst Thomas.
The remains were subsequently subjected to bioarcheological study under
the direction of Dr. Clark S. Larsen, working in collaboration with the
AMNH. After storage for intervals at University of Georgia, the AMNH,
and on St. Catherines Island, the remains were transferred in 2004 to
Fernbank Museum of Natural History by the St. Catherines Island and
Edward John Noble Foundations. The remains represent at least two
adults and three sub-adults, at least two of which are female. Burials
occurred as either flexed or bundled interments. Funerary objects
recovered from the site were also transferred to Fernbank in 2004.
Human remains representing, at minimum, 20 individuals were
recovered from 9LI47, McLeod Mound, on St. Catherines Island in Liberty
County, Georgia. The 14 associated funerary objects include two
projectile points, one lithic scraper, one lot ceramic sherds, one
shark tooth, five pieces non-human bone, one lithic debitage, one metal
shot or bullet, one mineral fragment, and one unidentified stone. The
materials were recovered during archaeological excavations conducted
from 1975-1976 by the AMNH under the direction of Dr. David Hurst
Thomas. The remains were subsequently subjected to bioarcheological
study under the direction of Dr. Clark S. Larsen, working in
collaboration with the AMNH. After storage for intervals at the AMNH
and on St. Catherines Island, the remains were transferred in 2004 to
Fernbank Museum of Natural History by the St. Catherines Island and
Edward John Noble Foundations. The remains are all adults, at least ten
of which are female and three are male. Burials occurred as extended
and bundled interments. Funerary objects recovered from the site were
also transferred to Fernbank in 2004.
Human remains representing, at minimum, 19 individuals were
recovered from 9LI26, Seaside Mound I, on St. Catherines Island in
Liberty County, Georgia. The eight associated funerary objects include
one lot ceramic sherds, one lithic scraper, two projectile points, one
modified shell, one modified bone item, one lot non-human bone, and one
lot lithic debitage. The materials were recovered during archaeological
excavations conducted in 1970 by the University of Georgia under the
direction of Dr. Joseph Caldwell, and in 1977 by the AMNH under the
direction of Dr. David Hurst Thomas. The remains were subsequently
subjected to bioarcheological study under the direction of Dr. Clark S.
Larsen, working in collaboration with the AMNH. After storage for
intervals at University of Georgia, the AMNH, and on St. Catherines
Island, the remains were transferred in 2004 to Fernbank Museum of
Natural History by the St. Catherines Island and Edward John Noble
Foundations. The remains represent at least 15 adults and four sub-
adults, at least two of which are female and five male. Burials
occurred as bundled and extended interments. Funerary objects recovered
from the site were also transferred to Fernbank in 2004.
Human remains representing, at minimum, 14 individuals were
recovered from 9LI62, Seaside Mound II, on St. Catherines Island in
Liberty County, Georgia. The five associated funerary objects include
one lot ceramic sherds, one lot lithic debitage, and three projectile
points. The materials were recovered during archaeological excavations
conducted from 1976-1977 by the AMNH under the direction of Dr. David
Hurst Thomas. The remains were subsequently subjected to
bioarcheological study under the direction of Dr. Clark S. Larsen,
working in collaboration with the AMNH. After storage for intervals at
the AMNH and on St. Catherines Island, the remains were transferred in
2004 to Fernbank Museum of Natural History by the St. Catherines Island
and Edward John Noble Foundations. The remains represent at least 13
adults and one sub-adult, at least four of which are female and three
are male. Burials occurred as bundled and extended interments. Funerary
objects recovered from the site were also transferred to Fernbank in
2004.
Human remains representing, at minimum, one individual were
recovered from 9LI12, South New Ground Mound, on St. Catherines Island
in Liberty County, Georgia. The one lot of associated funerary objects
include one lot of ceramic sherds. The materials were recovered during
archaeological excavations conducted in 1976-1977 by the AMNH under the
direction of Dr. David Hurst Thomas. The remains were subsequently
subjected to bioarcheological study under the direction of Dr. Clark S.
Larsen, working in collaboration with the AMNH. After storage for
intervals at the AMNH and on St. Catherines Island, the remains were
transferred in 2004 to Fernbank Museum of Natural History by the St.
Catherines Island and Edward John Noble Foundations. The remains are
those of an adult female. Funerary objects recovered from the site were
also transferred to Fernbank in 2004.
Associated funerary objects were recovered from 9LI3, South End
Mound I, on St. Catherines Island in Liberty County, Georgia. The 224
objects include one lot ceramic sherds, two ceramic pipe stems, one lot
lithic debitage, one projectile point, one button, one unidentified
metal fragment, 211 shell beads, one lot modified and unmodified whelk
shells, three mineral fragments, one unmodified stone, and one lot soil
samples. The materials were recovered during archaeological excavations
conducted in 1986 by the AMNH under the direction of Dr. David Hurst
Thomas, and from 1991-1993 under the direction of Dr. Clark Spencer
Larsen. After storage for intervals at The Ohio State University, the
AMNH, and on St. Catherines Island, the remains were transferred in
2004 to Fernbank Museum of Natural History by the St. Catherines Island
and Edward John Noble Foundations. The human remains associated with
these objects have been listed in a Notice of Inventory Completion
published in the Federal Register on August 20, 2009 (74 FR 42098-
42100).
Human remains representing, at minimum, 18 individuals were
recovered from 9LI273, South End Mound II, on St. Catherines Island in
Liberty County, Georgia. The 58 associated funerary objects include one
lot ceramic sherds, three glass beads, four hammerstones, one piece
unmodified stone, one lot lithic debitage, four lithic bifaces, three
modified lithics, 35 lead fragments, three granite items, one lot
copper sheet fragments, and two modified shells. The materials were
recovered during archaeological excavations conducted from 1979-1980 by
the AMNH under the direction of Dr. David Hurst Thomas. The remains
were subsequently subjected to bioarcheological study under the
direction of Dr. Clark S. Larsen, working in collaboration with the
AMNH. After storage for intervals at the AMNH and on St. Catherines
Island, the remains were transferred in 2004 to Fernbank Museum of
Natural History by the St. Catherines Island and Edward John
[[Page 83044]]
Noble Foundations. The remains represent at least 13 adults and two sub
adults, at least three of which are female and one male. At least some
of the burials represented cremated remains. Funerary objects recovered
from the site were also transferred to Fernbank in 2004.
Cultural Affiliation
Based on the information available and the results of consultation,
cultural affiliation is reasonably identified by the geographical
location or acquisition history of the human remains and associated
funerary objects described in this notice.
Determinations
The Fernbank Museum of Natural History has determined that:
<bullet> The human remains described in this notice represent the
physical remains of at least 157 individuals of Native American
ancestry.
<bullet> The 640 objects described in this notice are reasonably
believed to have been placed intentionally with or near individual
human remains at the time of death or later as part of the death rite
or ceremony.
<bullet> There is a connection between the human remains and
associated funerary objects described in this notice and the Alabama-
Quassarte Tribal Town; Miccosukee Tribe of Indians; Poarch Band of
Creek Indians; Seminole Tribe of Florida; The Muscogee (Creek) Nation;
The Seminole Nation of Oklahoma; and Thlopthlocco Tribal Town.
Requests for Repatriation
Written requests for repatriation of the human remains and
associated funerary objects in this notice must be sent to the
authorized representative identified in this notice under ADDRESSES.
Requests for repatriation may be submitted by:
1. Any one or more of the Indian Tribes or Native Hawaiian
organizations identified in this notice.
2. Any lineal descendant, Indian Tribe, or Native Hawaiian
organization not identified in this notice who shows, by a
preponderance of the evidence, that the requestor is a lineal
descendant or an Indian Tribe or Native Hawaiian organization with
cultural affiliation.
Repatriation of the human remains and associated funerary objects
described in this notice to a requestor may occur on or after November
14, 2024. If competing requests for repatriation are received, the
Fernbank Museum of Natural History must determine the most appropriate
requestor prior to repatriation. Requests for joint repatriation of the
human remains and associated funerary objects are considered a single
request and not competing requests. The Fernbank Museum of Natural
History is responsible for sending a copy of this notice to the Indian
Tribes and Native Hawaiian organizations identified in this notice.
Authority: Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act,
25 U.S.C. 3003, and the implementing regulations, 43 CFR 10.10.
Dated: October 4, 2024.
Melanie O'Brien,
Manager, National NAGPRA Program.
[FR Doc. 2024-23724 Filed 10-11-24; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4312-52-P
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</html>Indexed from Federal Register on October 15, 2024.
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