Rule2023-03605
Airworthiness Directives; Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. Turbofan Engines
Primary source
Metadata and text below are from the Federal Register, a public-domain U.S. government work. Always verify the official published version before relying on it for any legal matter.
Published
February 24, 2023
Effective
March 31, 2023
Issuing agencies
Transportation DepartmentFederal Aviation Administration
Abstract
The FAA is superseding Airworthiness Directive (AD) 2004-04- 09, which applied to certain Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. (P&WC) JT15D- 1, JT15D-1A, and JT15D-1B model turbofan engines. AD 2004-04-09 required a one-time borescope inspection (BSI) of the rear face of certain impellers for evidence of a machined groove or step, and repair or replacement of the impeller if a groove or step is found. Since the FAA issued AD 2004-04-09, the FAA was notified of an uncontained failure of an impeller installed on a P&WC JT15D-1A engine during takeoff and subsequent investigation by the manufacturer that discovered machining marks on the impeller. This AD was prompted by three prior reports of uncontained failure of the impeller, and one additional recent report of an in-service uncontained failure event. This AD requires borescope fluorescent penetrant inspection (FPI) of the rear face of certain impellers for evidence of machining witness lines and, depending on the results of the inspection, replacement of the impeller, as specified in a Transport Canada AD, which is incorporated by reference. The FAA is issuing this AD to address the unsafe condition on these products.
Full Text
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<title>Federal Register, Volume 88 Issue 37 (Friday, February 24, 2023)</title>
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[Federal Register Volume 88, Number 37 (Friday, February 24, 2023)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Pages 11779-11781]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [<a href="http://www.gpo.gov">www.gpo.gov</a>]
[FR Doc No: 2023-03605]
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DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Federal Aviation Administration
14 CFR Part 39
[Docket No. FAA-2022-1478; Project Identifier MCAI-2022-00668-E;
Amendment 39-22337; AD 2023-03-12]
RIN 2120-AA64
Airworthiness Directives; Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. Turbofan
Engines
AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT.
ACTION: Final rule.
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SUMMARY: The FAA is superseding Airworthiness Directive (AD) 2004-04-
09, which applied to certain Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. (P&WC) JT15D-
1, JT15D-1A, and JT15D-1B model turbofan engines. AD 2004-04-09
required a one-time borescope inspection (BSI) of the rear face of
certain impellers for evidence of a machined groove or step, and repair
or replacement of the impeller if a groove or step is found. Since the
FAA issued AD 2004-04-09, the FAA was notified of an uncontained
failure of an impeller installed on a P&WC JT15D-1A engine during
takeoff and subsequent investigation by the manufacturer that
discovered machining marks on the impeller. This AD was prompted by
three prior reports of uncontained failure of the impeller, and one
additional recent report of an in-service uncontained failure event.
This AD requires borescope fluorescent penetrant inspection (FPI) of
the rear face of certain impellers for evidence of machining witness
lines and, depending on the results of the inspection, replacement of
the impeller, as specified in a Transport Canada AD, which is
incorporated by reference. The FAA is issuing this AD to address the
unsafe condition on these products.
DATES: This AD is effective March 31, 2023.
The Director of the Federal Register approved the incorporation by
reference of a certain publication listed in this AD as of March 31,
2023.
ADDRESSES:
AD Docket: You may examine the AD docket at <a href="http://regulations.gov">regulations.gov</a> under
Docket No. FAA-2022-1478; or in person at Docket Operations between 9
a.m. and
[[Page 11780]]
5 p.m., Monday through Friday, except Federal holidays. The AD docket
contains this final rule, the mandatory continuing airworthiness
information (MCAI), any comments received, and other information. The
address for Docket Operations is U.S. Department of Transportation,
Docket Operations, M-30, West Building Ground Floor, Room W12-140, 1200
New Jersey Avenue SE, Washington, DC 20590.
Material Incorporated by Reference:
<bullet> For Transport Canada service information incorporated by
reference in this AD, contact Transport Canada, Transport Canada
National Aircraft Certification, 159 Cleopatra Drive, Nepean, Ontario
K1A 0N5, Canada; phone: (888) 663-3639; email: <a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#ffbebbd2bcb1bf8b9cd1989cd19c9e"><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="5b1a1f7618151b2f38753c3875383a">[email protected]</span></a>; website:
tc.canada.ca/en/aviation.
<bullet> You may view this service information at the FAA,
Airworthiness Products Section, Operational Safety Branch, 1200
District Avenue, Burlington, MA 01803. For information on the
availability of this material at the FAA, call (817) 222-5110. It is
also available in the AD docket at <a href="http://regulations.gov">regulations.gov</a> under Docket No.
FAA-2022-1478.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Barbara Caufield, Aviation Safety
Engineer, ECO Branch, FAA, 1200 District Avenue, Burlington, MA 01803;
phone: (781) 238-7146; email: <a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#91f3f0e3f3f0e3f0bff2f0e4f7f8f4fdf5d1f7f0f0bff6fee7"><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="81e3e0f3e3e0f3e0afe2e0f4e7e8e4ede5c1e7e0e0afe6eef7">[email protected]</span></a>.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Background
The FAA issued a notice of proposed rulemaking (NPRM) to amend 14
CFR part 39 to supersede AD 2004-04-09, Amendment 39-13490 (69 FR 9520,
March 1, 2004) (AD 2004-04-09). AD 2004-04-09 applied to certain P&WC
JT15D-1, JT15D-1A, and JT15D-1B model turbofan engines. AD 2004-04-09
required a one-time BSI of the rear face of certain impellers for
evidence of a machined groove or step, and repair or replacement of the
impeller if a groove or step is found. The FAA issued AD 2004-04-09 to
prevent uncontained failure of the impeller and possible damage to the
airplane.
The NPRM published in the Federal Register on November 18, 2022 (87
FR 69231). The NPRM was prompted by AD CF-2022-27, dated May 19, 2022
(Transport Canada AD CF-2022-27), issued by Transport Canada, which is
the aviation authority for Canada (referred to after this as the MCAI).
The MCAI states that there has been one recent in-service event of a
JT15D-1A engine uncontained failure during a takeoff roll of the
airplane. An investigation by P&WC has determined that a crack
originated from machining marks on the back face of the impeller and
subsequently propagated until the impeller fractured. There is evidence
that the event engine had been previously inspected in accordance with
P&WC Service Bulletin (SB) No. JT15D-72-7590, dated May 23, 2003
(mandated by Transport Canada AD CF-2003-17, dated June 23, 2003), but
it appears that the machining marks were not detected. P&WC, therefore,
published P&WC SB JT15D-72-7655, Original Issue, dated April 14, 2022,
to inspect the rear face of the impeller using a new borescope FPI
procedure. As a result, Transport Canada issued AD CF-2022-27 to
require accomplishment of the borescope FPI at the next hot section
inspection until the impeller, part number 3020365, is replaced at the
next scheduled engine overhaul.
You may examine the MCAI in the AD docket at <a href="http://regulations.gov">regulations.gov</a> under
Docket No. FAA-2022-1478.
In the NPRM, the FAA proposed to require borescope FPI of the rear
face of certain impellers for evidence of machining witness lines and,
depending on the results of the inspection, replacement of the
impeller, as specified in Transport Canada AD CF-2022-27. The FAA is
issuing this AD to address the unsafe condition on these products.
Discussion of Final Airworthiness Directive
Comments
The FAA received no comments on the NPRM or on the determination of
the cost to the public.
Conclusion
These products have been approved by the aviation authority of
another country and are approved for operation in the United States.
Pursuant to the FAA's bilateral agreement with this State of Design
Authority, it has notified the FAA of the unsafe condition described in
the MCAI referenced above. The FAA reviewed the relevant data and
determined that air safety requires adopting this AD as proposed.
Accordingly, the FAA is issuing this AD to address the unsafe condition
on these products. Except for minor editorial changes, this AD is
adopted as proposed in the NPRM.
Related Service Information Under 1 CFR Part 51
The FAA reviewed Transport Canada AD CF-2022-27, which specifies
instructions for performing a one-time inspection of the rear face of
the impeller and replacing the impeller if unacceptable machining
witness lines or crack indications are found. Transport Canada AD CF-
2022-27 also specifies instructions for replacing the impeller at the
next scheduled engine overhaul. This service information is reasonably
available because the interested parties have access to it through
their normal course of business or by the means identified in
ADDRESSES.
Costs of Compliance
The FAA estimates that this AD affects 100 engines installed on
airplanes of U.S. registry.
The FAA estimates the following costs to comply with this AD:
Estimated Costs
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Cost per Cost on U.S.
Action Labor cost Parts cost product operators
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Inspect impeller................... 6 work-hours x $85 per hour $0 $510 $51,000
= $510.
Replace impeller................... 30 work-hours x $85 per 75,000 77,550 7,755,000
hour = $2,550.
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Authority for This Rulemaking
Title 49 of the United States Code specifies the FAA's authority to
issue rules on aviation safety. Subtitle I, section 106, describes the
authority of the FAA Administrator. Subtitle VII: Aviation Programs,
describes in more detail the scope of the Agency's authority.
The FAA is issuing this rulemaking under the authority described in
Subtitle VII, Part A, Subpart III, Section 44701: General requirements.
Under that section, Congress charges the FAA with promoting safe flight
of civil aircraft in air commerce by prescribing regulations for
practices, methods, and procedures the Administrator finds necessary
for safety in air commerce. This regulation is within the scope of that
authority because it addresses an
[[Page 11781]]
unsafe condition that is likely to exist or develop on products
identified in this rulemaking action.
Regulatory Findings
The FAA has determined that this AD will not have federalism
implications under Executive Order 13132. This AD will not have a
substantial direct effect on the States, on the relationship between
the national government and the States, or on the distribution of power
and responsibilities among the various levels of government.
For the reasons discussed above, I certify that this AD:
(1) Is not a ``significant regulatory action'' under Executive
Order 12866,
(2) Will not affect intrastate aviation in Alaska, and
(3) Will not have a significant economic impact, positive or
negative, on a substantial number of small entities under the criteria
of the Regulatory Flexibility Act.
List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 39
Air transportation, Aircraft, Aviation safety, Incorporation by
reference, Safety.
The Amendment
Accordingly, under the authority delegated to me by the
Administrator, the FAA amends 14 CFR part 39 as follows:
PART 39--AIRWORTHINESS DIRECTIVES
0
1. The authority citation for part 39 continues to read as follows:
Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(g), 40113, 44701.
Sec. 39.13 [Amended]
0
2. The FAA amends Sec. 39.13 by:
0
a. Removing Airworthiness Directive 2004-04-09, Amendment 39-13490 (69
FR 9520, March 1, 2004); and
0
b. Adding the following new airworthiness directive:
2023-03-12 Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp.: Amendment 39-22337; Docket
No. FAA-2022-1478; Project Identifier MCAI-2022-00668-E.
(a) Effective Date
This airworthiness directive (AD) is effective March 31, 2023.
(b) Affected ADs
This AD replaces AD 2004-04-09, Amendment 39-13490 (69 FR 9520,
March 1, 2004).
(c) Applicability
This AD applies to Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. JT15D-1, JT15D-
1A, and JT15D-1B model turbofan engines as identified in Transport
Canada AD CF-2022-27, dated May 19, 2022 (Transport Canada AD CF-
2022-27).
(d) Subject
Joint Aircraft Service Component (JASC) Code 7230, Turbine
Engine Compressor Section.
(e) Unsafe Condition
This AD was prompted by three prior reports of uncontained
failure of the impeller, and one additional recent report of an in-
service uncontained failure event. The FAA is issuing this AD to
prevent uncontained failure of the impeller. The unsafe condition,
if not addressed, could result in fracture of the impeller,
subsequent uncontained failure of the engine, and damage to the
airplane.
(f) Compliance
Comply with this AD within the compliance times specified,
unless already done.
(g) Required Actions
Except as specified in paragraph (h) of this AD: Perform all
required actions within the compliance times specified in, and in
accordance with, Transport Canada AD CF-2022-27.
(h) No Reporting Requirement
Although the service information referenced in Transport Canada
AD CF-2022-27 specifies to submit certain information to the
manufacturer, this AD does not include that requirement.
(i) Alternative Methods of Compliance (AMOCs)
(1) The Manager, ECO Branch, FAA, has the authority to approve
AMOCs for this AD, if requested using the procedures found in 14 CFR
39.19. In accordance with 14 CFR 39.19, send your request to your
principal inspector or local Flight Standards District Office, as
appropriate. If sending information directly to the manager of the
certification office, send it to the attention of the person
identified in paragraph (j) of this AD and email it to: <a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#84c5cac1a9c5c0a9c5c9cbc7c4e2e5e5aae3ebf2"><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="63222d264e22274e222e2c20230502024d040c15">[email protected]</span></a>.
(2) Before using any approved AMOC, notify your appropriate
principal inspector, or lacking a principal inspector, the manager
of the local flight standards district office/certificate holding
district office.
(j) Additional Information
For more information about this AD, contact Barbara Caufield,
Aviation Safety Engineer, ECO Branch, FAA, 1200 District Avenue,
Burlington, MA 01803; phone: (781) 238-7146; email:
<a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#c4a6a5b6a6a5b6a5eaa7a5b1a2ada1a8a084a2a5a5eaa3abb2"><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="d1b3b0a3b3b0a3b0ffb2b0a4b7b8b4bdb591b7b0b0ffb6bea7">[email protected]</span></a>.
(k) Material Incorporated by Reference
(1) The Director of the Federal Register approved the
incorporation by reference of the service information listed in this
paragraph under 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51.
(2) You must use this service information as applicable to do
the actions required by this AD, unless the AD specifies otherwise.
(i) Transport Canada AD CF-2022-27, dated May 19, 2022.
(ii) [Reserved]
(3) For Transport Canada AD CF-2022-27, contact Transport
Canada, Transport Canada National Aircraft Certification, 159
Cleopatra Drive, Nepean, Ontario K1A 0N5, Canada; phone: 888-663-
3639; email: <a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#2c6d68016f626c584f024b4f024f4d"><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="ca8b8ee789848abea9e4ada9e4a9ab">[email protected]</span></a>; website: tc.canada.ca/en/aviation.
(4) You may view this service information at FAA, Airworthiness
Products Section, Operational Safety Branch, 1200 District Avenue,
Burlington, MA 01803. For information on the availability of this
material at the FAA, call (817) 222-5110.
(5) You may view this service information that is incorporated
by reference at the National Archives and Records Administration
(NARA). For information on the availability of this material at
NARA, email: <a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#2147530f484f5251444255484e4f614f4053400f464e57"><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="a8ceda86c1c6dbd8cdcbdcc1c7c6e8c6c9dac986cfc7de">[email protected]</span></a>, or go to: <a href="http://www.archives.gov/federal-register/cfr/ibr-locations.html">www.archives.gov/federal-register/cfr/ibr-locations.html</a>.
Issued on February 7, 2023.
Christina Underwood,
Acting Director, Compliance & Airworthiness Division, Aircraft
Certification Service.
[FR Doc. 2023-03605 Filed 2-23-23; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910-13-P
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