Notice2023-02066
Notice of Inventory Completion: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Omaha District, Omaha, NE, and the University of Tennessee, Department of Anthropology, Knoxville, TN
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Published
February 1, 2023
Issuing agencies
Interior DepartmentNational Park Service
Abstract
In accordance with the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA), the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Omaha District and the University of Tennessee, Department of Anthropology (UTK) have completed an inventory of human remains and associated funerary objects and have determined that there is a cultural affiliation between the human remains and associated funerary objects and Indian Tribes or Native Hawaiian organizations in this notice. The human remains and associated funerary objects were removed from Sioux County, ND and Buffalo, Campbell, Corson, Dewey, Gregory, Hughes, Lyman, Potter, Sully, Stanley, and Walworth Counties, SD.
Full Text
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<title>Federal Register, Volume 88 Issue 21 (Wednesday, February 1, 2023)</title>
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[Federal Register Volume 88, Number 21 (Wednesday, February 1, 2023)]
[Notices]
[Pages 6774-6777]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [<a href="http://www.gpo.gov">www.gpo.gov</a>]
[FR Doc No: 2023-02066]
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DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
National Park Service
[NPS-WASO-NAGPRA-NPS0035225; PPWOCRADN0-PCU00RP14.R50000]
Notice of Inventory Completion: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers,
Omaha District, Omaha, NE, and the University of Tennessee, Department
of Anthropology, Knoxville, TN
AGENCY: National Park Service, Interior.
ACTION: Notice.
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SUMMARY: In accordance with the Native American Graves Protection and
Repatriation Act (NAGPRA), the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Omaha
District and the University of Tennessee, Department of Anthropology
(UTK) have completed an inventory of human remains and associated
funerary objects and have determined that there is a cultural
affiliation between the human remains and associated funerary objects
and Indian Tribes or Native Hawaiian organizations in this notice. The
human remains and associated funerary objects were removed from Sioux
County, ND and Buffalo, Campbell, Corson, Dewey, Gregory, Hughes,
Lyman, Potter, Sully, Stanley, and Walworth Counties, SD.
DATES: Repatriation of the human remains and associated funerary
objects in this notice may occur on or after March 3, 2023.
ADDRESSES: Ms. Sandra Barnum, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Omaha
District, ATTN: CENWO-PMA-C, 1616 Capitol Avenue, Omaha, NE 68102,
telephone (402) 995-2674, email <a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#2f5c4e414b5d4e0159014d4e5d415a426f5a5c4e4c4a014e5d425601424643"><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="fc8f9d92988e9dd28ad29e9d8e928991bc898f9d9f99d29d8e9185d2919590">[email protected]</span></a> and Dr.
Robert Hinde, University of Tennessee, Office of the Provost, 527 Andy
Holt Tower, Knoxville, TN 37996-0152, telephone (865) 974-2445, email
<a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#fb899392959f9ebb8e8f90d59e9f8e"><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="017369686f65644174756a2f646574">[email protected]</span></a> and <a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#21575140406154554a0f444554"><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="4b3d3b2a2a0b3e3f20652e2f3e">[email protected]</span></a>.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: This notice is published as part of the
National Park Service's administrative responsibilities under NAGPRA.
The determinations in this notice are the sole responsibility of the
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Omaha District. The National Park Service
is not responsible for the determinations in this notice. Additional
information on the determinations in this notice, including the results
of consultation, can be found in the inventory or related records held
by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Omaha District.
Description
Human remains representing, at minimum, two individuals were
removed from Sioux County, ND. In 1947, the University of North Dakota
and the State Historical Society of North Dakota co-sponsored
archeological work in the upper limits of the Oahe Reservoir, a U.S.
Army Corps of Engineers reservoir in North Dakota. Test excavations at
the Paul Brave site, also known as the Fort Yates site (32SI4), were
included in the work done during this project. The site was
investigated a second time in 1955, under the sponsorship of the State
Historical Society of North Dakota. The human remains and associated
funerary objects removed from the Paul Brave site are currently housed
at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville. No known individuals were
identified. The one associated funerary object is one lot of burial
soil.
Human remains representing, at minimum, one individual were removed
from Buffalo County, SD. The human remains were removed from a cache
pit at the Twin or Lillian All Arounds Village, 39BF206, in 1986 by the
Archeology Lab-Augustana College personnel during improvements to the
Jennessee Road. The human remains were initially curated at the South
Dakota State Historical Society-Archaeological Research Center (SARC)
but are now located at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville (UTK). No
known individual was identified. No associated funerary objects are
present.
Human remains representing, at minimum, one individual were removed
from Campbell County, SD. In 1979, human remains belonging to two
individuals were found eroding from a cutbank at site 39CA117, the
Stranded Squirrel site. Upon discovery, the human remains were removed
from the site by Robert Pepperl and transferred to the University of
Nebraska, Lincoln. In
[[Page 6775]]
1986, they were transferred to SARC, and in 1987 they went to UTK to be
inventoried. While UTK returned most of the human remains to SARC that
same year, human remains representing one individual were left at UTK.
The site was a multi-component site. Ceramic fragments found at the
site establish occupation between 1500 CE and 1675 CE. No known
individual was identified. No associated funerary objects are present.
Human remains representing, at minimum, one individual were removed
from site 39WW89 in Walworth County, SD. They were housed at SARC until
1987, when they were transferred to UTK for examination. The human
remains of this individual and one lot of burial soil were retained by
UTK. Site 39WW89 consists of both Middle Missouri (1000-1500 CE) and
Extended Coalescent variants (1500-1675 CE). No known individual was
identified. The one associated funerary object is one lot of burial
soil.
Human remains representing, at minimum, one individual were removed
from Campbell County, SD. The human remains were removed on June 16,
1967, by surface collection at 39CA201, the Locke Creek site. William
Bass most likely took the human remains of this individual to UTK when
he began working in the Department of Anthropology in 1971. The site
dates to ~1500-1675 CE. No known individual was identified. The five
associated funerary objects are one lot faunal bone, one lot of
ceramics, one lot lithics, one lot shell, and one lot botanicals.
Human remains representing, at minimum, one individual were removed
from Corson County, SD. The human remains were removed from the Jake
White Bull site (39CO6) and housed at SARC before being transferred to
the Department of Anthropology at UTK for inventory sometime between
1987 and 1988. The human remains of this individual and an associated
soil sample were retained by UTK. The site dates to ~1217-1297 CE. No
known individual was identified. The one associated funerary object is
one lot of soil.
Human remains representing, at minimum, two individuals were
removed from Corson County, SD. The two individuals were likely part of
a commingled burial removed from the Potts Village site (39CO19) in the
late 1980s and subsequently stored at South Dakota's State
Archaeological Research Center (SARC). In 1988, these human remains
were transferred by SARC to UTK for inventory and were retained by UTK.
The site is a fortified earth lodge village dating to the Extended
Coalescent Period, between 1550 CE and 1675 CE. No known individuals
were identified. The 13 associated funerary objects are two lots of
burial soil, one lot of lithics, two lots of miscellaneous stone, one
lot of ceramics, one lot of botanicals, one lot of worked bone, and
five lots of faunal remains.
Human remains representing, at minimum, one individual were removed
from Corson County, SD. The human remains were removed from 39CO34, the
Red Horse Hawk site, by Timothy Nowak, a Corps of Engineers South
Dakota field archeologist, after they reportedly were eroding from the
shore. The site was a fortified earth lodge village dating to 1650-1886
CE. This individual was recovered. The human remains of this individual
were among a group of human remains from the W. H. Over Museum
collection that was transferred to UTK for examination prior to
reinterment in 1985. That examination was led by Douglas Owsley, then
at LSU, and William Bass of UTK. The human remains of this individual
were not returned after examination. No known individual was
identified. Six lots of objects salvaged from the site between 1968 and
1970 were housed at UTK. The six associated funerary objects are one
lot of ceramics, one lot of lithics, one lot of worked bone, one lot of
faunal remains, one lot of shell, and one lot of metal.
Human remains representing, at minimum, five individuals were
removed from site 39CO213, the Travis I site, in Corson County, SD. The
human remains were housed at SARC before being transferred to UTK for
inventory sometime between 1987 and 1988. The human remains of these
individuals were retained by UTK. The Travis I site is an earth lodge
village located on the left bank of the Missouri River. Radiocarbon
dates from the site place occupation between 1069 CE and 1387 CE. No
known individuals were identified. The two associated funerary objects
are two lots of soil.
Human remains representing, at minimum, two individuals were
removed from Dewey County, SD. The human remains were removed from the
Molstad Village site (39DW234) in the summer of 1969 by William Bass
(Bass was at the University of Kansas at the time). This burial was
found eroding from a riverbank 250-300 yards southeast of Molstad
Village. The human remains were likely housed at KU until Bass
transferred them to UTK in 1971, when he began working in the
Department of Anthropology. The site was a fortified earth lodge site
whose occupation is thought to date to the mid-1500s CE, or the
Extended Coalescent Phase of the Middle Missouri taxonomy. No known
individuals were identified. The two associated funerary objects are
one lot of lithics and one lot of bone.
Human remains representing, at minimum, one individual were removed
from the Scalp Creek site, 39GR1, in Gregory County, SD. These human
remains were donated by a South Dakota game warden after having washed
out of an area situated about 400.0 feet WNW of the site of earlier
excavations conducted in 1941 and 1951. This burial was among a group
of Smithsonian Institution River Basin Survey burials the State
Historical Society of North Dakota sent to William Bass for examination
sometime prior to 1971 (while Bass was still at KU). The site was a
stockaded village. Scalp Creek consists of both Late Woodland (800-1200
CE) and Extended Coalescent (1500-1675 CE) components. No known
individual was identified. No associated funerary objects are present.
Human remains representing, at minimum, one individual were removed
from the McClure site (39HU7) in Hughes County, SD. (The human remains
were marked ``MacClure site,'' but McClure is considered the more
likely identification.) These human remains were transferred to UTK,
most likely through William Bass (either he transferred them from KU to
UTK or he received them after he moved to UTK in 1971). Occupation at
the McClure site was considered brief, between approximately 1690 and
1700 CE. No known individual was identified. No associated funerary
objects are present.
Human remains representing, at minimum, eight individuals were
removed from Hughes County, SD. In 1931, Alfred Bowers removed eleven
burials from a previously looted mound at the Bleached Bone site
(39HU48) during investigations sponsored by the Logan Museum.
Additional investigations were conducted by the Missouri River Basin
Project (MRBP) in 1962, during which field crew 10, directed by William
Bass, removed an additional 13 burials. Burial and cultural materials
obtained by MRBP crews were transferred to the University of Nebraska,
Lincoln (UNL) by the end of 1962. The site included stone circles,
mounds, and other configurations. Woodland Period (~500 BCE-1000 CE)
pottery was reportedly found during the 1962 season. In addition, the
presence of a metallic projectile point suggested possible occupation
during the Historic Period. No known individuals were identified. No
associated funerary objects are present.
[[Page 6776]]
Human remains representing, at minimum, one individual were removed
from Lyman County, SD. Oscar L. Mallory removed the human remains from
39LM34 in 1964 after they were discovered eroding from the riverbank
following flooding of the Fort Randall Reservoir. These human remains
were housed at the Midwest Archaeological Center in Lincoln, NE, until
they were transferred to SARC in 1986, and then to UTK for analysis in
1987. The human remains of this individual were retained by the UTK
Department of Anthropology. Based on the types of objects collected
from the site, occupation was dated to the Post-Contact Coalescent
variant, between 1675 and 1780 CE. No known individual was identified.
No associated funerary objects are present.
Human remains representing, at minimum, one individual were removed
from the Iron Nation Village site (39LM222) in Lyman County, SD. In
1967, Donald J. Lehmer, with the Smithsonian River Basin Surveys
Project, made a visit to the site following a report that the skeletal
remains of one individual had been excavated. These human remains were
stored at SARC in Rapid City before being transferred to UTK for
inventory sometime between 1987 and 1988. The human remains of this
individual were retained by UTK. The site was a large, fortified earth
lodge village belonging to the Extended Coalescent period (~1500-1675
CE). No known individuals were identified. No associated funerary
objects are present.
Human remains representing, at minimum, two individuals were
removed from Lyman County, SD. In 1961, the human remains were removed
from the Pretty Head site (39LM232) by W. W. Caldwell. William Bass
likely took them to UTK when he began working in the Department of
Anthropology. The Pretty Head site was a fortified village on the west
bank of the Missouri River. Occupation at the site was assigned to two
phases--sometime between 1100 CE and 1300 CE, during the Grand Detour
Phase of the Middle Missouri Tradition, and from 903 CE to 1185 CE,
based on a 2-sigma probability range of values. No known individuals
were identified. The five associated funerary objects are five lots of
faunal remains.
Human remains representing, at minimum, five individuals were
removed from Potter County, SD. In the fall of 1962, Richard Weeks of
Pierre, SD, excavated and removed the human remains from the Hosterman
site (39PO7) after the burials were discovered eroding from the eastern
side of the Oahe Reservoir. That same year, Weeks shipped the human
remains to William Bass at KU. Bass, in turn, took the human remains to
UTK when he began working in the Department of Anthropology in 1971.
The village site had a stockade and a fortification ditch and is dated
to ~1643 CE, with a 2-sigma probability range of dates from 1450 to
1676 CE. No known individuals were identified. The two associated
funerary objects are two lots of faunal remains.
Human remains representing, at minimum, 109 individuals were
removed from Sully County, SD. The human remains were removed from
39SL4, the Sully site, by William Bass and crews from the Smithsonian
Institution River Surveys (in 1957, 1958, and 1961) and KU (in 1962).
Following excavation, the burial remains were transferred to the
Smithsonian Institution and examined by Bass, who served as physical
anthropologist for the RBS. The human remains of these individuals were
obtained by Bass either while he was at the Smithsonian or later, when
he was at KU. Bass transferred the human remains to UTK when he began
working in the Department of Anthropology in 1971. The Sully site was
one of the largest identified Arikara villages and contained four
distinct cemeteries. The site dates to 1477-1678 CE. No known
individuals were identified. The two associated funerary objects are
two lots of faunal remains.
Human remains representing, at minimum, two individuals were
removed from the H.P. Thomas site (39ST12) in Stanley County, SD. These
human remains could have been removed during investigations in the
1940s and 1950s. Test excavations were undertaken at the site in the
summer of 1948 by crews with the Missouri River Basins Survey Project,
with subsequent investigations performed by Richard P. Wheeler in 1958.
These human remains were sent to William Bass at KU for examination.
The only information provided with the transfer was that they were
miscellaneous bones from a cache found in a house wall. Bass likely
took the human remains of these individuals to UTK when he began
working in the Department of Anthropology in 1971. Artifacts recovered
from the site date between 950 CE and 1850 CE. No known individuals
were identified. The one associated funerary object is one lot of
faunal remains.
Human remains representing, at minimum, one individual were removed
from Stanley County, SD. The human remains were removed from the
Buffalo Pasture Cemetery site (39ST216), likely in 1955 by Vern
Willaford. Burials of several individuals were uncovered during fill
dirt removal in 1955 and given by Vern Willaford (in charge of the
earth moving activity) to Richard P. Wheeler of the Smithsonian
Institution's Missouri River Basin Project (RBS). In 1957, William Bass
examined the burials from 39ST216, and the human remains of this
individual likely belonged to one of the disturbed burials removed by
Willaford of the RBS in 1955. Although there is no record concerning a
transfer of these human remains to or from UTK, the presence of this
individual in the UTK Department of Anthropology collections is likely
attributable to Bass. The site was a medium-sized fortified village
believed to be dated to the 18th century. No known individual was
identified. No associated funerary objects are present.
Human remains representing, at minimum, two individuals were
removed from Walworth County, SD. Between 1979 and 1982, the University
of Nebraska, Lincoln, and Augustana College of Sioux Falls, SD, removed
human remains from 39WW89, an unnamed site. By 1984, all recovered
individuals were stored at SARC. In 1987, they were transferred to UTK
for examination. The human remains of these individuals were retained
by UTK. The site had considerable time depth (1400-1560 CE) consisting
of both Middle Missouri and Extended Coalescent variants of the Plains
Village Tradition. No known individuals were identified. No associated
funerary objects are present.
Human remains representing, at minimum, two individuals were
removed from Walworth County, SD. Between 1970 and 1972. the human
remains were removed from 39WW203, the Walth Bay site. The principal
investigator was W. Raymond Wood, and the excavations were directed by
Carl R. Falk and Stanley A. Ahler under contract to the National Park
Service. Sometime after 1970, these human remains were transferred to
William Bass. No known individuals were identified. No associated
funerary objects are present.
Cultural affiliation
The human remains and associated funerary objects in this notice
are connected to one or more identifiable earlier groups, tribes,
peoples, or cultures. There is a relationship of shared group identity
between the identifiable earlier groups, tribes, peoples, or cultures
and one or more Indian Tribes or Native Hawaiian organizations. The
following types of information were used to reasonably trace the
relationship: anthropological,
[[Page 6777]]
archeological, geographical, historical, and expert opinion.
Determinations
Pursuant to NAGPRA and its implementing regulations, and after
consultation with the appropriate Indian Tribes and Native Hawaiian
organizations, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Omaha District has
determined that:
<bullet> The human remains described in this notice represent the
physical remains of 152 individuals of Native American ancestry.
<bullet> The 41 objects described in this notice are reasonably
believed to have been placed with or near individual human remains at
the time of death or later as part of the death rite or ceremony.
<bullet> There is a relationship of shared group identity that can
be reasonably traced between the human remains and associated funerary
objects described in this notice and the Three Affiliated Tribes of the
Fort Berthold Reservation, North Dakota.
Requests for Repatriation
Written requests for repatriation of the human remains and
associated funerary objects in this notice must be sent to the
Responsible Official identified in ADDRESSES. Requests for repatriation
may be submitted by:
1. Any one or more of the Indian Tribes or Native Hawaiian
organizations identified in this notice.
2. Any lineal descendant, Indian Tribe, or Native Hawaiian
organization not identified in this notice who shows, by a
preponderance of the evidence, that the requestor is a lineal
descendant or a culturally affiliated Indian Tribe or Native Hawaiian
organization.
Repatriation of the human remains and associated funerary objects
in this notice to a requestor may occur on or after March 3, 2023. If
competing requests for repatriation are received, the U.S. Army Corps
of Engineers, Omaha District must determine the most appropriate
requestor prior to repatriation. Requests for joint repatriation of the
human remains and associated funerary objects are considered a single
request and not competing requests. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers,
Omaha District is responsible for sending a copy of this notice to the
Indian Tribe identified in this notice.
Authority: Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act,
25 U.S.C. 3003, and the implementing regulations, 43 CFR 10.9, Sec.
10.10, and Sec. 10.14.
Dated: January 25, 2023.
Melanie O'Brien,
Manager, National NAGPRA Program.
[FR Doc. 2023-02066 Filed 1-31-23; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4312-52-P
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