Notice2022-25136
Notice of Inventory Completion: Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA
Primary source
Metadata and text below are from the Federal Register, a public-domain U.S. government work. Always verify the official published version before relying on it for any legal matter.
Published
November 18, 2022
Issuing agencies
Interior DepartmentNational Park Service
Abstract
The Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, Harvard University has completed an inventory of human remains and associated funerary objects, in consultation with the appropriate Indian Tribes or Native Hawaiian organizations, and has determined that there is no cultural affiliation between the human remains and associated funerary objects and any present-day Indian Tribes or Native Hawaiian organizations. Representatives of any Indian Tribe or Native Hawaiian organization not identified in this notice that wish to request transfer of control of these human remains and associated funerary objects should submit a written request to the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, Harvard University. If no additional requestors come forward, transfer of control of the human remains and associated funerary objects to the Indian Tribes or Native Hawaiian organizations stated in this notice may proceed.
Full Text
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[Federal Register Volume 87, Number 222 (Friday, November 18, 2022)]
[Notices]
[Pages 69317-69326]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [<a href="http://www.gpo.gov">www.gpo.gov</a>]
[FR Doc No: 2022-25136]
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DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
National Park Service
[NPS-WASO-NAGPRA-NPS0034875; PPWOCRADN0-PCU00RP14.R50000]
Notice of Inventory Completion: Peabody Museum of Archaeology and
Ethnology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA
AGENCY: National Park Service, Interior.
[[Page 69318]]
ACTION: Notice.
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SUMMARY: The Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, Harvard
University has completed an inventory of human remains and associated
funerary objects, in consultation with the appropriate Indian Tribes or
Native Hawaiian organizations, and has determined that there is no
cultural affiliation between the human remains and associated funerary
objects and any present-day Indian Tribes or Native Hawaiian
organizations. Representatives of any Indian Tribe or Native Hawaiian
organization not identified in this notice that wish to request
transfer of control of these human remains and associated funerary
objects should submit a written request to the Peabody Museum of
Archaeology and Ethnology, Harvard University. If no additional
requestors come forward, transfer of control of the human remains and
associated funerary objects to the Indian Tribes or Native Hawaiian
organizations stated in this notice may proceed.
DATES: Representatives of any Indian Tribe or Native Hawaiian
organization not identified in this notice that wish to request
transfer of control of these human remains and associated funerary
objects should submit a written request with information in support of
the request to the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, Harvard
University at the address in this notice by December 19, 2022.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Jane Pickering, William & Muriel
Seabury Howells Director, Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology,
Harvard University, 11 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138, telephone
(617) 496-2374, email <a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#bdd7cdd4ded6d8cfd4d3dafddbdcce93d5dccfcbdccfd993d8d9c8"><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="c1abb1a8a2aaa4b3a8afa681a7a0b2efa9a0b3b7a0b3a5efa4a5b4">[email protected]</span></a>.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Notice is here given in accordance with the
Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA), 25
U.S.C. 3003, of the completion of an inventory of human remains and
associated funerary objects under the control of the Peabody Museum of
Archaeology and Ethnology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA. The human
remains and associated funerary objects were removed from Essex,
Middlesex, Norfolk, and Suffolk Counties, MA.
This notice is published as part of the National Park Service's
administrative responsibilities under NAGPRA, 25 U.S.C. 3003(d)(3) and
43 CFR 10.11(d). The determinations in this notice are the sole
responsibility of the museum, institution, or Federal agency that has
control of the Native American human remains and associated funerary
objects. The National Park Service is not responsible for the
determinations in this notice.
Consultation
A detailed assessment of the human remains and associated funerary
objects was made by the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology
professional staff in consultation with representatives of the Mashpee
Wampanoag Tribe (previously listed as Mashpee Wampanoag Indian Tribal
Council, Inc.); Narragansett Indian Tribe; Wampanoag Tribe of Gay Head
(Aquinnah); and three non-federally recognized Indian groups: the
Assonet Band of the Wampanoag Nation; Massachusett-Ponkapoag Tribal
Council; and the Nipmuc Nation Tribal Council Inc. (hereafter referred
to as ``The Consulted Tribes and Groups'').
History and description of the Remains
Essex County, MA
Sometime prior to 1912, human remains representing, at minimum, one
individual were removed by Andrew Lee II from Lee Field, located in
Manchester-by-the-Sea. In June of 1912, Lee donated the human remains
of this individual to the Peabody Museum through Alice E. Putnam.
Descriptions of the burial noted the presence of several skeletons
accompanied by a large piece of sheet copper, an iron tomahawk, several
bone points, cordage, and other unnamed funerary objects. The funerary
objects described in the burial suggest the interment dates to the
Historic/Contact Period (i.e., post-500 B.P.). The human remains are
hair. No known individual was identified. The two associated funerary
objects are one bone point and one vial of fragments of matting and
human hair.
Around 1864, human remains representing, at minimum, two
individuals were removed by an unknown person from an ``Indian
cemetery'' in Marblehead. In 1916, F. H. C. Reynolds donated the human
remains to the Peabody Museum. A description of the burial noted that
the skeletons were laid in a flexed position; no other contextual
information is available. The human remains are nearly complete crania
belonging to two adult females. No known individuals were identified.
No associated funerary objects are present.
At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, one
individual were removed by an unknown person from a gravel pit in
Boxford. In 1917, the town donated these human remains to the Peabody
Museum. The human remains are cranial fragments belonging to an adult
male. No known individual was identified. No associated funerary
objects are present.
At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, two
individuals were removed by an unknown person from an unknown site in
Salem. In 1919, the Peabody Museum of Salem, now the Peabody Essex
Museum, donated these human remains to the Peabody Museum at Harvard
University. The human remains are cranial and postcranial fragments
belonging to two adults, one male and one of unknown sex. No known
individuals were identified. No associated funerary objects are
present.
In 1921, human remains representing, at minimum, six individuals
were removed by Alfred Vincent Kidder from the Shattuck Farm Site in
Andover. In 1921, Kidder and the Department of Archaeology at the
Phillips Andover Academy donated these human remains to the Peabody
Museum. Kidder described a small celt, a set of antler punches, a bone
or antler harpoon head, and four or five small arrowpoints accompanying
the burial. These items are not in the collection of the Peabody
Museum. The Shattuck Farm Site dates from the Archaic to Historic time
periods. The human remains are cranial and postcranial fragments
belonging to one male adult, one female adult, three adults of unknown
sex, and one child of unknown sex. No known individuals were
identified. The one associated funerary object is a stone gouge.
At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, nine
individuals were removed by an unknown person from ``Indian graves'' in
Manchester-by-the-Sea. In 1922, George A. Gray donated these human
remains to the Peabody Museum. Also in 1922, the heirs of John Lee
(Sarah Crombie, Emma F. Priest, Mrs. Downing Lee, Mrs. Andrew Lee, and
Mary E. Blaisdell) donated the associated funerary objects and the hair
of one of these individuals to the Peabody Museum. The site from which
these human remains and associated funerary objects were removed is
possibly Lee Field, based on the description of a grave in Manchester-
by-the-Sea discovered about fourteen inches below the surface and
containing four skeletons lying side-by-side with their heads to the
west. Based on the associated funerary objects and copper stains
present on some of the human remains, this interment most likely dates
to the Historic/Contact Period (i.e., post-500 B.P.). The human remains
are the nearly complete cranium and hair belonging to an adult male;
cranial
[[Page 69319]]
fragments belonging to one adult male and one adult of unknown sex; and
cranial and postcranial fragments belonging to one adult male, three
adults of unknown sex, one subadult of unknown sex, and one child of
unknown sex. No known individuals were identified. The 33 associated
funerary objects are five fragments of wooden spoons, six broken bone
arrowpoints, one broken terracotta tobacco pipe, one lot of fragments
of a beaver incisor, one lot of fragments of brass plate, six fragments
of textile, six fragments of cordage, six red fox bones, and one mammal
long bone.
In 1904, human remains representing, at minimum, two individuals
were removed by Dr. Francis B. Harrington from graves located at
``Indian Ridge,'' on Harrington's estate in Ipswich. In 1927,
Harrington's wife donated these human remains to the Peabody Museum.
Copper staining on the human remains, as well as European items
accompanying the burial, indicate a post-Contact date for the interment
(i.e., A.D. post-1600). The human remains are cranial and postcranial
fragments belonging to two adults of unknown sex. No known individuals
were identified. The four associated funerary objects are one ceramic
and brass or copper elbow pipe, one broken bracelet strand with loose
beads, one necklace of white and blue glass beads, and one brass
brazier. The brazier most likely dates to the latter half of the
sixteenth century and was possibly obtained from a Spanish or
Portuguese ship visiting the area.
Around 1944, human remains representing, at minimum, one individual
were removed by Frank W. Snow from sand under a building on Plum
Island. In 1946, Snow sent these human remains to Harvard University's
Department of Legal Medicine, which donated the human remains to the
Peabody Museum through Alan R. Moritz that same year. The human remains
are the nearly complete cranium and postcranial fragments belonging to
an adult female. No known individual was identified. No associated
funerary objects are present.
At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, one
individual were removed by an unknown person from an unknown site in
Danvers. In 1950, the Peabody Museum of Salem, now the Peabody Essex
Museum, donated these human remains to the Peabody Museum through
Ernest S. Dodge. Copper staining on the cranium indicates the
individual was interred during the post-Contact/Early Historic Period
or later (i.e., A.D. post-1614). The human remains are the partial
cranium belonging to an adult female. No known individual was
identified. No associated funerary objects are present.
At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, one
individual were removed by an unknown person from an unknown site in
Andover. In 1950, the Peabody Museum of Salem, now the Peabody Essex
Museum, donated these human remains to the Peabody Museum through
Ernest S. Dodge. Based on an osteological analysis of the human
remains, this individual was of mixed Native American and African/
African American ancestry, indicating the individual lived during the
post-Contact/Early Historic Period or later (i.e., A.D. post-1614). The
human remains are the partial cranium belonging to a subadult of
unknown sex. No known individual was identified. No associated funerary
objects are present.
At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, one
individual were removed by an unknown person from an unknown site in
Andover. In 1950, the Peabody Museum of Salem, now the Peabody Essex
Museum, donated these human remains to the Peabody Museum through
Ernest S. Dodge. The human remains are the partial cranium belonging to
an adult male. No known individual was identified. No associated
funerary objects are present.
At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, one
individual were removed by an unknown person from a site in Annisquam,
a village in Gloucester. In 1950, the Peabody Museum of Salem, now the
Peabody Essex Museum, donated these human remains to the Peabody Museum
through Ernest S. Dodge. The human remains are the nearly complete
cranium belonging to an adult male. No known individual was identified.
No associated funerary objects are present.
At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, one
individual were removed by an unknown person from an unknown site in
Beverly. In 1950, the Peabody Museum of Salem, now the Peabody Essex
Museum, donated the human remains to the Peabody Museum through Ernest
S. Dodge. The human remains are the partial cranium belonging to an
adult male. No known individual was identified. No associated funerary
objects are present.
At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, one
individual were removed by an unknown person from Summer Street in
Salem. In 1950, the Peabody Museum of Salem, now the Peabody Essex
Museum, donated these human remains to the Peabody Museum through
Ernest S. Dodge. Copper staining on the cranium indicates the
individual was interred during the post-Contact/Early Historic Period
or later (i.e., A.D. post-1614). The human remains are cranial
fragments belonging to an adult female. No known individual was
identified. No associated funerary objects are present.
At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, one
individual were removed by an unknown person from Turner Street in
Salem. In 1950, the Peabody Museum of Salem, now the Peabody Essex
Museum, donated these human remains to the Peabody Museum through
Ernest S. Dodge. The human remains are cranial fragments belonging to
an adult male. No known individual was identified. No associated
funerary objects are present.
At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, two
individuals were removed by an unknown person from Salem Harbor. In
1950, the Peabody Museum of Salem, now the Peabody Essex Museum,
donated these human remains to the Peabody Museum through Ernest S.
Dodge. The human remains are cranial fragments belonging to an adult of
unknown sex and the partial cranium belonging to an adult female. No
known individuals were identified. No associated funerary objects are
present.
At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, two
individuals were removed by an unknown person from the vicinity of Fort
Lee in Salem. In 1950, the Peabody Museum of Salem, now the Peabody
Essex Museum, donated these human remains to the Peabody Museum through
Ernest S. Dodge. The human remains are the partial cranium belonging to
an adult who is probably male and postcranial fragments belonging to an
adult female. No known individuals were identified. No associated
funerary objects are present.
At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, two
individuals were removed by an unknown person from Jessy W. Peabody's
land in Middletown. In 1950, the Peabody Museum of Salem, now the
Peabody Essex Museum, donated these human remains to the Peabody Museum
through Ernest S. Dodge. The human remains are the partial cranium and
postcranial elements belonging to an adult female and postcranial
fragments belonging to an adult of unknown sex. No known individuals
were identified. No associated funerary objects are present.
At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, one
[[Page 69320]]
individual were removed by an unknown person from an unknown site in
Essex. In 1950, the Peabody Museum of Salem, now the Peabody Essex
Museum, donated these human remains to the Peabody Museum through
Ernest S. Dodge. The human remains are cranial and postcranial
fragments belonging to an adult male. No known individual was
identified. No associated funerary objects are present.
At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, three
individuals were removed by an unknown person from Lagrange Street in
Salem. In 1950, the Peabody Museum of Salem, now the Peabody Essex
Museum, donated these human remains to the Peabody Museum through
Ernest S. Dodge. The human remains are cranial and postcranial
fragments belonging to one adult male, one adult female, and one adult
of unknown sex. No known individuals were identified. No associated
funerary objects are present.
In August of 1892, human remains representing, at minimum, four
individuals were removed by the Salem Gas Company from Lagrange Street
in Salem. In June of 1916, the Salem Gas Company presented these human
remains to the Peabody Museum of Salem, now the Peabody Essex Museum,
which in turn donated them to the Peabody Museum in 1950, through
Ernest S. Dodge. The human remains are cranial fragments and
postcranial elements belonging to one adult male, one adult female, and
two subadults of unknown sex. No known individuals were identified. No
associated funerary objects are present.
At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, three
individuals were removed by an unknown person from an unknown site in
Salem. In 1950, the Peabody Museum of Salem, now the Peabody Essex
Museum, donated these human remains to the Peabody Museum through
Ernest S. Dodge. The human remains are partial cranial and postcranial
elements belonging to two adult males and one subadult of unknown sex.
No known individuals were identified. No associated funerary objects
are present.
In October of 1866, human remains representing, at minimum, six
individuals were removed by David Moore from Salem. In December of
1953, these human remains were donated anonymously to the Peabody
Museum. The human remains are postcranial fragments belonging to an
adult of unknown sex, cranial and postcranial fragments belonging to an
adult of unknown sex, cranial fragments belonging to two children of
unknown sex, the partial cranium and postcranial elements belonging to
a child of unknown sex, and postcranial fragments belonging to a fetus
of unknown sex. No known individuals were identified. No associated
funerary objects are present.
At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, six
individuals were removed by an unknown person from an unknown site in
Ipswich. In 1957, Richard Ford of the Harvard School of Legal Medicine
donated these human remains to the Peabody Museum through Edward E.
Hunt. The human remains are cranial and postcranial fragments belonging
to five children and one infant, all of unknown sex. No known
individuals were identified. No associated funerary objects are
present.
In July of 1957, human remains representing, at minimum, one
individual were removed by Theodore L. Stoddard of the Robert S.
Peabody Foundation from the Belosselsky Estate in Ipswich. In November
of 1957, Princess Florence Crane Belosselsky donated these human
remains to the Peabody Museum. The human remains were located
approximately two feet below the rim of a drumlin, in sand. The
individual had been interred in a flexed position on the left side,
facing west, with the feet to the north. A stone pestle was found with
the burial, but it is not in the collection of the Peabody Museum. No
information is available regarding the dating of the interment. The
human remains are the partial cranium and postcranial elements
belonging to an adult female. No known individual was identified. No
associated funerary objects are present.
In 1897, human remains representing, at minimum, one individual
were removed by an unknown person from an unknown site in Nahant. In
May of 1959, the Warren Anatomical Museum, Harvard University (WAM)
transferred these human remains to the Peabody Museum. The human
remains are postcranial fragments belonging to an adult of unknown sex.
No known individual was identified. No associated funerary objects are
present.
In 1890, human remains representing, at minimum, one individual
were removed by Dr. F. Humphrey from an unknown site in Ipswich.
Humphrey presented these human remains to the Robert S. Peabody
Institute, which in turn donated them to the Peabody Museum in February
of 1963. The human remains are cranial fragments belonging to an adult
of unknown sex. No known individual was identified. No associated
funerary objects are present.
At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, one
individual were removed by Thomas Clegg from an unknown site in
Lawrence. Clegg presented these human remains to the Robert S. Peabody
Institute, which in turn donated them to the Peabody Museum in February
of 1963. The human remains are the partial cranium belonging to an
adult male. No known individual was identified. No associated funerary
objects are present.
In 1890, human remains representing, at minimum, one individual
were removed by Walter W. Taylor from the bank of the Merrimack River
in Lowell. Taylor presented these human remains to the Robert S.
Peabody Institute, which in turn donated them to the Peabody Museum in
February of 1963. The human remains are the nearly complete cranium
belonging to an adult male. No known individual was identified. No
associated funerary objects are present.
At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, two
individuals were removed by some boys from a gravel pit in Ipswich. Dr.
Wigglesworth, the medical examiner in Ipswich, presented these remains
to Dr. Edwin V. Hill at the Department of Legal Medicine, Harvard
Medical School. Hill in turn donated the remains to the Peabody Museum
in March of 1964. The human remains are the partial cranium and
postcranial fragments belonging to two subadults of unknown sex. No
known individuals were identified. No associated funerary objects are
present.
In May of 1916, human remains representing, at minimum, two
individuals were removed by an unknown person from Lagrange Street in
Salem. In April of 1964, these hitherto uncatalogued human remains were
found in the Peabody Museum and were accessioned. The human remains are
cranial and postcranial fragments belonging to one adult and one
subadult of unknown sex. No known individuals were identified. No
associated funerary objects are present.
At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, one
individual were removed by H.C. Perkins from near the mouth of the
Merrimack River in Newburyport. In 1867, Perkins donated these human
remains to the Peabody Museum. The human remains are the partial
cranium belonging to an adult male. No known individual was identified.
No associated funerary objects are present.
At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, one
individual were removed by H.C. Perkins from an unknown site in
Beverly. In 1867, Perkins donated these human remains to the Peabody
[[Page 69321]]
Museum. The human remains are the partial cranium belonging to an adult
female. No known individual was identified. No associated funerary
objects are present.
At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, one
individual were removed by an unknown person from an unknown site,
possibly George Titcomb's cellar, in Newburyport. In 1867, Edward A.
Hale donated these human remains to the Peabody Museum. Copper stains
present on the human remains indicate interment sometime during the
early Historic period or later (i.e., A.D. post-1600). The human
remains are cranial fragments belonging to a child of unknown sex. No
known individual was identified. No associated funerary objects are
present.
In 1867, human remains representing, at minimum, one individual
were removed by George Peabody Russell from an unknown site in Essex
and donated by him to the Peabody Museum the same year. The human
remains are cranial fragments belonging to an adult of unknown sex. No
known individual was identified. No associated funerary objects are
present.
At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, one
individual were removed by William C. Otis from an unknown site in
Nahant. In 1868, Otis donated these human remains to the Peabody
Museum. The human remains are the nearly complete cranium belonging to
an adult male. No known individual was identified. No associated
funerary objects are present.
In 1868, human remains representing, at minimum, two individuals
were removed by Jefferies Wyman and J. Elliot Cabot from the Eagle Hill
shell heap, 19ES0084, in Ipswich and donated by them to the Peabody
Museum the same year. Non-funerary objects found at the site, including
shells, animal bones, pottery fragments, small stemmed points, and
small triangle points, indicate that the interments date to the Late
Archaic through Woodland Periods (5000-500 B.P.). The human remains are
cranial fragments belonging to a child of unknown sex and postcranial
fragments belonging to an adult of unknown sex. No known individuals
were identified. No associated funerary objects are present.
In October of 1876, human remains representing, at minimum, three
individuals were removed by Joseph Ballard for the Peabody Academy of
Science from an ``Indian grave'' in Saugus. The Peabody Academy of
Science, now the Peabody Essex Museum, in turn donated these human
remains to the Peabody Museum the same year. Based on the associated
funerary objects, this interment dates to the post-Contact period or
later (i.e., A.D. post-1600). The human remains are the nearly complete
crania belonging to one adult male and one adult female and the partial
cranium belonging to an adult male. No known individuals were
identified. The 66 associated funerary objects are one pair of iron
scissors, one iron jackknife with a molded brass handle, one bone
implement, one broken bone implement, and 62 shell beads.
In 1874 and 1876, human remains representing, at minimum, 20
individuals were removed by the Essex Institute for the Peabody Academy
of Science from Beesom's Pasture in Marblehead. In 1876, the Peabody
Academy of Science, now the Peabody Essex Museum, donated these human
remains to the Peabody Museum. The burials are described as being in a
flexed position, and based on the positioning of the individuals, all
the decedents likely were interred at the same time. A dark red ochre-
like substance was also found on the human remains. The associated
funerary objects, which are not in the collection of the Peabody
Museum, include the remains of a bearskin pouch, copper tubular beads,
and pottery fragments. Based on the associated funerary objects and the
description of the burials at the site, these remains were likely
interred during the Late Woodland Period or later (i.e., post-1000
B.P.). The human remains are the partial cranium belonging to an adult
male; postcranial fragments belonging to 13 adults of unknown sex; the
partial cranium and postcranial elements belonging to one adult male
and one adult of unknown sex; postcranial fragments belonging to an
adult male; and cranial and postcranial fragments belonging to one
adult female, one adult male, and one adult of unknown sex. No known
individuals were identified. No associated funerary objects are
present.
In 1876 and at an unknown date, human remains representing, at
minimum, nine individuals were removed by D. R. Bickford from his lawn
in Marblehead. In 1876, the Peabody Academy of Science, now the Peabody
Essex Museum, donated these human remains to the Peabody Museum. The
human remains are the nearly complete cranium belonging to an adult
female; cranial fragments belonging to two adults who are probably
male; cranial fragments belonging to one adult of unknown sex, one
subadult of unknown sex, and one child of unknown sex; and postcranial
elements belonging to two adult females and one subadult of unknown
sex. No known individuals were identified. No associated funerary
objects are present.
In 1876, human remains representing, at minimum, one individual
were removed by James Kimball from the corner of Essex and Cambridge
Streets in Salem. That same year, the Peabody Academy of Science, now
the Peabody Essex Museum, donated these human remains to the Peabody
Museum. Based on an osteological analysis of these remains, this
individual was of mixed Native American and African/African American
ancestry and therefore lived during the post-Contact or early Historic
Period or later (i.e., A.D. post-1614). The human remains are the
partial cranium belonging to an adult male. No known individual was
identified. No associated funerary objects are present.
In 1876, human remains representing, at minimum, four individuals
were removed by James Kimball from the corner of Essex and Cambridge
Streets in Salem. That same year, the Peabody Academy of Science, now
the Peabody Essex Museum, donated these human remains to the Peabody
Museum. The human remains are the partial cranium belonging to one
adult male, cranial and postcranial fragments belonging to one adult
male, one subadult of unknown sex, and cranial and postcranial
fragments belonging to one child of unknown sex. No known individuals
were identified. No associated funerary objects are present.
In 1872, human remains representing, at minimum, three individuals
were removed by C. Cooke of the Peabody Academy of Science from the
Pine Grove shell heap, 19ES0226, in Marblehead. In 1876, the Peabody
Academy of Science, now the Peabody Essex Museum, donated these human
remains to the Peabody Museum. Non-funerary items from the site not in
the collection of the Peabody Museum include bifacial stone points, an
adze, pendants, stone tools, chipping waste, and a pestle. These items
indicate that interment took place during the pre-Contact Period,
possibly in the Late Archaic Period (5000-3000 B.P.). The human remains
are the partial cranium belonging to one adult male and postcranial
fragments belonging to one adult female and one adult who is probably
female. No known individuals were identified. No associated funerary
objects are present.
In 1872, human remains representing, at minimum, 16 individuals
were removed by C. Cooke of the Peabody Academy of Science from Linden
Street in Salem. In 1876, the Peabody Academy of Science, now the
Peabody
[[Page 69322]]
Essex Museum, donated these human remains to the Peabody Museum. The
human remains are postcranial fragments belonging to 11 adults of
unknown sex and cranial and postcranial fragments belonging to one
adult male, three adult females, and one adult of unknown sex. No known
individuals were identified. No associated funerary objects are
present.
In January of 1874, human remains representing, at minimum, two
individuals were removed by W. B. Wyman from a location near the Pine
Grove shell heap in Marblehead. In 1876, the Peabody Academy of
Science, now the Peabody Essex Museum, donated these human remains to
the Peabody Museum. Non-funerary items from the Pine Grove shell heap
not in the collection of the Peabody Museum include bifacial stone
points, an adze, pendants, stone tools, chipping waste, and a pestle.
These items indicate that interment took place during the pre-Contact
Period, possibly in the Late Archaic Period (5000-3000 B.P.). The human
remains are cranial and postcranial fragments belonging to an adult
female and postcranial fragments belonging to an adult male. No known
individuals were identified. No associated funerary objects are
present.
In November of 1874, human remains representing, at minimum, one
individual were removed by the Essex Institute for the Peabody Academy
of Science from Wyman's Pasture in Marblehead. In 1876, the Peabody
Academy of Science, now the Peabody Essex Museum, donated these human
remains to the Peabody Museum. Copper staining on the human remains
indicate the individual was interred during the Historic/Contact Period
(i.e., post-500 B.P.). The human remains are cranial and postcranial
fragments belonging to an adult female. No known individual was
identified. No associated funerary objects are present.
In 1872, human remains representing, at minimum, one individual
were removed by Frederic Ward Putnam and the Peabody Academy of Science
from the Eagle Hill shell heap, 19ES0084, in Ipswich. In 1876, the
Peabody Academy of Science, now the Peabody Essex Museum, donated these
human remains to the Peabody Museum. Non-funerary objects found at the
site, including shells, animal bones, pottery fragments, small stemmed
points, and small triangle points, indicate that the interments date to
the Late Archaic through Woodland Periods (5000-500 B.P.). The human
remains are cranial fragments belonging to an adult of unknown sex. No
known individual was identified. No associated funerary objects are
present.
In 1872, human remains representing, at minimum, one individual
were removed by C. Cooke of the Peabody Academy of Science from the
Wyman's Crossing shell heap in Marblehead. In 1876, the Peabody Academy
of Science, now the Peabody Essex Museum, donated these human remains
to the Peabody Museum. Non-funerary items from the site, which include
stone tools, stone chips, animal bones, and charred wood, indicate the
human remains were interred during the Late Archaic Period (5000-3000
B.P.). The human remains are postcranial fragments belonging to an
adult of unknown sex. No known individual was identified. No associated
funerary objects are present.
At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, one
individual were removed by A.J. Colburn from Peter's Falls in West
Andover. In February of 1877, the Peabody Museum purchased these human
remains. The human remains are the partial cranium and postcranial
elements belonging to an adult male. No known individual was
identified. The one associated funerary object is a metal button. The
metal button post-dates the arrival of Europeans and indicates the
human remains were interred during the Historic/Contact Period (i.e.,
post-500 B.P.).
In 1878, human remains representing, at minimum, one individual
were removed by Henry Coleman from an unknown site in Swampscott. In
May of 1879, Coleman donated these human remains to the Peabody Museum.
The human remains are the nearly complete cranium belonging to an adult
who is probably female. No known individual was identified. No
associated funerary objects are present.
At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, one
individual were removed by a Mr. Ober from ``Indian Hill,'' located on
Beverly Cove, in Beverly. Today, this site is the location of the
Beverly Cemetery. In July of 1879, the Peabody Museum purchased these
human remains as part of the Ober Collection. Objects found at the site
not associated with the burial include atlatl fragments, a full-grooved
axe, plain and grooved gouges, and temporally diagnostic bifaces such
as Atlantic, Orient Fishtails, and Neville points. The stone implements
and projectile point types support a Late to Transitional Archaic
Period date for the interment (5000-3000 B.P.). The human remains are
the nearly complete cranium belonging to an adult female. No known
individual was identified. No associated funerary objects are present.
At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, one
individual were removed by an unknown person from an unknown site in
Salem. In July of 1881, Cordelia A. Studley donated these human remains
to the Peabody Museum. The human remains are the partial cranium
belonging to an adult who is probably female. No known individual was
identified. No associated funerary objects are present.
In January of 1968, human remains representing, at minimum, one
individual were removed by Douglas S. Byers near or on Launching Road
in Andover, after they were unearthed by a bulldozer working on
construction of a new road. That same month, Byers donated these human
remains to the Peabody Museum. The human remains are cranial and
postcranial fragments belonging to an adult female. No known individual
was identified. No associated funerary objects are present.
Middlesex County, MA
Sometime in the 1950s, human remains representing, at minimum, one
individual were removed by Malcolm Brooks Davis from a location
somewhere between Spy Pond and Menotomy Rocks Park, in Arlington. In
October of 1975, John Blackwell donated these human remains to the
Peabody Museum. The human remains are the nearly complete cranium
belonging to an adult male. No known individual was identified. No
associated funerary objects are present.
About 1895, human remains representing, at minimum, two individuals
were removed by R. L. Richardson from burials at the Fresh Pond ice
houses in Cambridge. In 1913, Richardson's wife donated these human
remains to the Peabody Museum. The human remains are the partial
cranium belonging to an adult male and postcranial fragments belonging
to an adult of unknown sex. No known individuals were identified. No
associated funerary objects are present.
In 1913, human remains representing, at minimum, one individual
were removed by Samuel J. Guernsey, as part of a Peabody Museum
Expedition, from a stone-lined grave in Watertown. Artifacts found in
the immediate vicinity, not associated with the burial indicate these
human remains were interred during the Transitional Archaic Period
(3500-2500 B.P.). The human remains are cranial and postcranial
fragments belonging to an adult of unknown sex. No known individual was
identified. No associated funerary objects are present.
[[Page 69323]]
In 1913, human remains representing, at minimum, one individual
were removed by Samuel J. Guernsey, as part of a Peabody Museum
Expedition, from a grave in Watertown. A description of the burial
noted that there were acorns at the bottom of the pit, and the human
remains rested against the side of the pit and were nearly all decayed.
Artifacts found in the immediate vicinity, not associated with the
burial indicate these human remains were interred during the
Transitional Archaic Period (3500-2500 B.P.). The human remains are
cranial and postcranial fragments belonging to an adult of unknown sex.
No known individual was identified. No associated funerary objects are
present.
At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, 14
individuals were likely removed by George or Cheston Sawtelle from an
unknown site in the vicinity of Lowell. Subsequently, these human
remains formed part of the Sawtelle Collection at the Robert S. Peabody
Institute. In 1951, the Robert S. Peabody Institute donated the human
remains to the Peabody Museum through Douglas S. Byers. The human
remains are cranial and postcranial fragments belonging to one child,
three subadults, and four adults, all of unknown sex; cranial fragments
belonging to two adults of unknown sex; cranial fragments belonging to
an adult male; cranial fragments belonging to two adult females; and
cranial fragments belonging to an individual of unknown age and sex. No
known individuals were identified. No associated funerary objects are
present.
At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, five
individuals were removed by an unknown person from a grave in
Winchester. An unknown person likely donated these human remains to the
Peabody Museum in 1892. The human remains are the partial cranium and
postcranial elements belonging to five adults, four of whom are of
unknown sex and one who is probably female. No known individuals were
identified. No associated funerary objects are present.
At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, one
individual were removed by an unknown person from a sand bank in West
Newton. These human remains were likely donated to the Peabody Museum
by the West Newton Board of Health in 1895. The human remains are the
partial cranium and postcranial elements belonging to an adult female.
No known individual was identified. No associated funerary objects are
present.
In 1877, human remains representing, at minimum, one individual
were removed by James G. Wade from his farm in Wayland. In 1895, Wade
donated these human remains to the Peabody Museum. The human remains
are the partial cranium and postcranial elements belonging to a
subadult who is probably male. No known individual was identified. No
associated funerary objects are present.
At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, two
individuals were removed by an unknown person from a sand bank on
Washington Street in West Newton. In 1896, the West Newton Board of
Health donated these human remains to the Peabody Museum. The human
remains are the partial cranium and postcranial elements belonging to
an adult female and cranial fragments belonging to a child of unknown
sex. No known individuals were identified. No associated funerary
objects are present.
In January of 1967, human remains representing, at minimum, one
individual were removed by Ramon de Cruz and James Di Tucci from the
fill or dump for the Charles Farm located behind a cemetery, in
Cambridge. Presumably, these human remains had been bulldozed off the
edge of the cemetery. That same month, de Cruz and Di Tucci donated the
human remains to the Peabody Museum. The human remains are cranial and
postcranial fragments belonging to an adult male. No known individual
was identified. No associated funerary objects are present.
In August of 1967, human remains representing, at minimum, one
individual were removed by Roger W. Hamilton and Robert F. Doherty from
the fill or dump for the Charles Farm, located behind a cemetery, in
Cambridge. Presumably, these human remains had been bulldozed off the
edge of the cemetery. In September of 1967, Hamilton and Doherty
donated the human remains to the Peabody Museum. The human remains are
cranial fragments belonging to an adult of unknown sex. No known
individual was identified. No associated funerary objects are present.
Norfolk County, MA
In 1901, human remains representing, at minimum, 14 individuals
were removed by William O. Crosby from the Squantum shell heap in
Quincy. That same year, Crosby donated these human remains to the
Peabody Museum. Although this site is a known Native American shell
heap, no information concerning the context or date of these human
remains is available. The human remains are cranial and postcranial
fragments belonging to two adults who are probably female, four adults
of unknown sex, seven children of unknown sex, and one subadult male.
No known individuals were identified. No associated funerary objects
are present.
In 1927, human remains representing, at minimum, one individual
were removed by Augustus Hemenway from the vicinity of Green Street in
Canton. That same year, Hemenway gave these human remains to the
Peabody Museum. The human remains are the partial cranium belonging to
an adult male. No known individual was identified. No associated
funerary objects are present.
In October of 1937, human remains representing, at minimum, two
individuals were removed by Marshall T. Newman of Harvard University's
Division of Anthropology from the vicinity of Crabtree Road in Quincy.
That same month, the Division of Anthropology gave these human remains
to the Peabody Museum. The individuals were interred in a flexed
position with the head to the east and with several rolled copper sheet
beads around the head. Copper staining on the human remains and the
associated copper sheet beads indicate this interment dates to the
post-Contact period (i.e., A.D. post-1600). The human remains are the
nearly complete cranium and postcranial fragments belonging to an adult
male and postcranial fragments belonging to an adult female. No known
individuals were identified. The three associated funerary objects are
two copper beads with attached human hair and one flat ovate stone.
At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, one
individual were removed by the Police Department of Quincy from an
unknown site in Quincy. In November of 1954, the Quincy Police
Department donated these human remains to the Peabody Museum through
Edward E. Hunt. The human remains are the nearly complete cranium and
postcranial elements belonging to an adult female. No known individual
was identified. No associated funerary objects are present.
At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, one
individual were removed by Dr. H.B. Inches from an unknown site in
Brookline. Inches presented these human remains to the Boston Society
for Medical Improvement (BSMI). In 1888-1889, the cabinet of the BSMI
was officially transferred to the Warren Anatomical Museum, Harvard
University (WAM), and in May of 1959, WAM transferred these human
remains to the Peabody Museum. The human remains are the partial
cranium
[[Page 69324]]
belonging to an adult who is probably male. No known individual was
identified. No associated funerary objects are present.
In August of 1898, human remains representing, at minimum, one
individual were removed during a Peabody Museum expedition from Hough's
Neck in Quincy. These human remains were found with five other
skeletons not in the collection of the Peabody Museum and whose
locations are unknown. The human remains are the partial cranium
belonging to an adult male. No known individual was identified. No
associated funerary objects are present.
In October of 1969, human remains representing, at minimum, nine
individuals were removed by Dr. Stephen Williams and Dr. Dena Dincauze,
as part of a Peabody Museum expedition, from the Burr Lane Cemetery in
Canton. These human remains were removed from burials in a known,
eighteenth-century ``Praying Indian'' cemetery of the Ponkapoag. The
burials in this cemetery exhibited English customs of the eighteenth
century, such as securing shrouds with copper pins, using pine coffins,
and rectangular graves. Grave markers were likely present, as one
footstone was discovered. Objects associated with burials from this
site, such as coffin nails, an eighteenth-century kaolin pipe, a
fragment of ceramic, a piece of lead shot, and a fragment of shroud
cloth with a copper pin adhering, also support an early-mid eighteenth-
century date for these interments. A small-handled cup found in the
immediate vicinity but not in association with any burials is of a type
of English ware in use from 1690-1720. The human remains are
postcranial fragments belonging to an adult who is probably male and an
adult of unknown sex; the partial cranium and postcranial fragments
belonging to an adult female; cranial fragments belonging to an adult
of unknown sex; the nearly complete skeletons belonging to an adult
female and an adult male; cranial and postcranial fragments belonging
to an adult who is probably female; the nearly complete cranium and
postcranial fragments belonging to an adult who is probably female; and
the partial cranium belonging to an adult of unknown sex. No known
individuals were identified. The seven associated funerary objects are
one bag of nails, one bag of textile fragments, one clay pipe, one
fragment of white-glazed ceramic material, one fragment of lead shot,
one lot of shroud cloth fragments with an adhering copper pin, and one
lot of iron nails and fragments with adhering wood fragments.
Suffolk County, MA
At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, seven
individuals were removed by an unknown person from an unknown burial
location, possibly at Bunker Hill in Charlestown. In 1900, an unknown
person donated these human remains to the Peabody Museum. The human
remains are the partial cranium and postcranial elements belonging to
an adult male, an adult female, and five adults of unknown sex. No
known individuals were identified. No associated funerary objects are
present.
In June of 1861, human remains representing, at minimum, one
individual were removed by Dr. P.A. O'Connell of the United States Army
from a burial site ten feet from the eastern edge of Long Island in
Boston Harbor. O'Connell sent these human remains to Dr. Henry G.
Clark, who in turn presented them to the Warren Anatomical Museum,
Harvard University (WAM) in 1862. In 1916, the Peabody Museum received
the human remains via an exchange with WAM. The Long Island burial site
was an organized burial ground, with the burials arranged in rows.
Individuals were consistently buried in a flexed posture with the head
directed to the south and without accompanying funerary objects. This
contextual information suggests these interments date to the Late
Woodland period or later (i.e., post-1000 B.P.). The history of Long
Island strongly indicates that during and after King Philip's War (A.D.
1675-1676), it served as a burial place for a population of New England
Native American individuals that included, but was not limited to, the
Massachusett and Pawtucket. During King Philip's War, Long Island was
used as an internment camp for so-called ``Praying Indians'' captured
from the 14 towns within Massachusett and Pawtucket homelands. The
internment of Praying Indians on Long Island, Deer Island, and other
Boston Harbor islands ended in 1677, but not before many of them had
died of starvation, disease, and exposure. During later historic
periods, several other groups used Long Island for burials, at least
some of whom may have included individuals of Native American ancestry.
The burial places of these individuals may have been confused with
burial places of Native American individuals in recorded histories,
remembered histories, and during archeological and other island
surveys. The human remains are the partial cranium belonging to an
adult female. No known individual was identified. No associated
funerary objects are present.
In November of 1921, human remains representing, at minimum, one
individual were removed by Frank N. Belcher from the Belcher estate in
Winthrop. That same year Belcher donated these human remains to the
Peabody Museum. Belcher described the burial as ``on the southeast
slope of a sand and gravel soil, about 4 feet deep.'' The human remains
are cranial and postcranial fragments belonging to an adult male. No
known individual was identified. No associated funerary objects are
present.
At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, one
individual were removed by an unknown person from Washington Street in
Boston. In May of 1959, the Warren Anatomical Museum, Harvard
University (WAM) transferred these human remains to the Peabody Museum.
The human remains are the partial cranium belonging to an adult male.
No known individual was identified. No associated funerary objects are
present.
In 1878, human remains representing, at minimum, one individual
were removed by A.A. Tapley from the G.A. Tapley Farm in Revere. That
same year, A.A. Tapley donated these human remains to the Peabody
Museum. The human remains are the partial cranium belonging to an adult
female. No known individual was identified. No associated funerary
objects are present.
In December of 1881, human remains representing, at minimum, two
individuals were removed by E.H. Whorf from an unknown site in Revere.
That same year, Walter Faxon donated these human remains to the Peabody
Museum. The human remains are the nearly complete skeleton belonging to
an adult male and postcranial fragments belonging to an adult of
unknown sex. No known individuals were identified. No associated
funerary objects are present.
In June of 1886, human remains representing, at minimum, one
individual were removed by Dr. D.D. Slade from a ``ledgy hillside''
northeast of the Reservoir Gateway in Brighton. That same month, Slade
donated these human remains to the Peabody Museum. The human remains
were removed from under 3.5 feet of loam. The human remains are the
partial cranium and postcranial elements belonging to a subadult
female. No known individual was identified. No associated funerary
objects are present.
In May of 1888, human remains representing, at minimum, one
[[Page 69325]]
individual were removed by William Doogue, Dexter Brackett, and
Franklin Otis from the vicinity of the Tremont Street Mall on the
Boston Common in Boston. That same month, Doogue, Brackett, and Otis
donated these human remains to the Peabody Museum. At the time of
removal, clam shells were found in association with the human remains.
The human remains are the nearly complete cranium and postcranial
fragments belonging to an adult male. No known individual was
identified. The one associated funerary object is a clam shell (Mya
arenaria).
In April of 1888, human remains representing, at minimum, 13
individuals were removed by railroad workers and railroad
superintendent C.H. Hammond from the Central Station site, 19SU0003, in
Winthrop. In May of 1888, Hammond donated these human remains to the
Peabody Museum. The Central Station site dates to ca. 1450-1634.
Objects associated with burials at the site, such as copper items and
European materials provide a date during the Historic/Contact Period,
and a cattle pound built by the town near the burials provides a
terminus ante quem date of 1634 for the site. The human remains are
partial crania belonging to one adult female and one adult male;
cranial fragments belonging to one adult who is probably female and one
adult of unknown sex; the nearly complete, partially mummified cranium
belonging to an adult male; cranial and postcranial elements belonging
to three adult males and three adult females; cranial and postcranial
fragments belonging to one child of unknown sex; and cranial and
postcranial fragments belonging to one adult of unknown sex. No known
individuals were identified. The seven associated funerary objects
include four objects that are present in the Peabody Museum collections
and three objects that are currently missing. The four present
associated funerary objects are one bag of copper fragments, one bag of
bark cloth fragments, one sheet of copper, and one bag of birchbark mat
fragments. The three associated funerary objects currently missing are
two lots of copper and bark cloth fragments and one lot of sand.
In 1888 and 1890, human remains representing, at minimum, 14
individuals were removed by Frederic Ward Putnam, as part of a Peabody
Museum expedition, from the Central Station site, 19SU0003, in
Winthrop. As described above, the Central Station site is dated to ca.
1450-1634. The human remains are the nearly complete skeletons
belonging to three adult males, one adult female, one subadult who is
probably male, and one child of unknown sex; partial cranium belonging
to one infant of unknown sex; cranial and postcranial fragments
belonging to two infants of unknown sex and one child of unknown sex;
partial cranium belonging to one adult male; cranial and postcranial
fragments belonging to one child of unknown sex; and cranial fragments
belonging to two adults of unknown sex. No known individuals were
identified. The 82 associated funerary objects include 81 objects that
are present in the Peabody Museum collections and one object that is
currently missing. The 81 present associated funerary objects are one
fragmented pottery vessel, six lots of pottery vessel fragments, one
pottery vessel, two iron implements, eight copper or brass beads, 11
bone points, one beaver tooth, one beaver tooth fragment, one brass
arrowpoint, one lot of copper beads and fragments of string, one lot of
bark mat fragments, one shell, one strand of shell beads, 10 beads, two
strands of glass beads, 11 shell and blue glass beads, one lot of a
clay pipe and its fragments, one bag of textile fragments, two metal
spoons, six brass or copper ornaments, four shell beads, one small
pottery vessel and three sherds, one stone effigy pestle, one rubbing
stone, one antler spoon, and one bone implement. The one associated
funerary object currently missing is the fragment of a pottery vessel.
Between 1885 and 1887, human remains representing, at minimum, 28
individuals were removed by the Boston Gas Light Company from
Commercial Point in Dorchester, during construction. In 1889, Walter K.
Means of the Boston Gas Light Company donated these human remains to
the Peabody Museum. The human remains were found at the top of a beach,
between two and three feet below the original surface, with streaks of
beach gravel and scatterings of clam shells and black ashes visible in
the soil. There were no funerary objects found with the human remains,
but the partial preservation of some of the human remains due to the
action of copper salts suggests that a copper burial object had also
been interred. The presence of this cupric staining indicates that the
interments post-date the Contact Period and provides a burial date of
post-500 B.P. The human remains are cranial and postcranial fragments
belonging to an adult of unknown sex; cranial fragments belonging to
two adults and one subadult of unknown sex; cranial elements belonging
to four children of unknown sex; postcranial fragments belonging to
four adults, four subadults, four children, and one infant of unknown
sex; postcranial fragments belonging to an adult female; the nearly
complete cranium and postcranial elements belonging to an adult female;
cranial and postcranial elements belonging to two children and one
infant of unknown sex; cranial elements belonging to an adult female;
and cranial and postcranial fragments belonging to an adult who is
probably female. No known individuals were identified. No associated
funerary objects are present.
About 1899, human remains representing, at minimum, one individual
were removed by Freeman F. Burr from the Squantum shell heap in Quincy.
That same year, Burr donated these human remains to the Peabody Museum.
The human remains were located approximately a foot below the level of
the shell heap. Based on the non-funerary objects at this site, which
include a chipped stone implement; fragments of thin, black, friable,
sand-tempered, decorated ceramics; shells; a slate slab; charcoal; and
fragments of bone, this interment most likely occurred during the Late
Archaic to Late Woodland periods (5000-500 B.P.). The human remains are
the nearly complete skeleton belonging to one infant of unknown sex. No
known individual was identified. No associated funerary objects are
present.
At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, one
individual were likely removed by an unknown person from Revere. In
1892, G. Arthur Tapley donated these human remains were donated to the
Peabody Museum. The human remains are partial cranial elements
belonging to an adult male. No known individual was identified. No
associated funerary objects are present.
At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, one
individual were removed by an unknown person from an unknown site in
Chelsea. The human remains were likely donated to the Peabody Museum by
Jefferies Wyman in 1867. The human remains are cranial elements
belonging to an adult female. No known individual was identified. No
associated funerary objects are present.
Between 1880 and 1899, human remains representing, at minimum, one
individual were removed by George B. Frazar from a burial place in
Winthrop. In 1899, Frazar sold these human remains to the Peabody
Museum. The burial place in question is likely the Central Station site
(19SU0003), also known as the Winthrop Cemetery or The Pound, which was
discovered and destroyed during railroad depot
[[Page 69326]]
construction between 1888 and 1890. As described above, the Central
Station site is dated to ca. 1450-1634. The human remains are cranial
elements belonging to an adult female. No known individual was
identified. No associated funerary objects are present.
In April of 1971, human remains representing, at minimum, one
individual were removed by Dr. Dena Dincauze, as part of a Peabody
Museum expedition, from a shell midden on Peddock's Island (19PL0003
and 19-SU-3a) in Boston Harbor. The shell midden above the human
remains was five to six inches deep; no shells were found below the
human remains in the burial pit. The burial pit was lined with black
organic matter, and red ochre stain was observed in the northeast
corner of the pit, on some of the bones. Three fieldstone slabs of
Cambridge slate were in the north and northeast areas of the pit,
beside and over the head. The human remains had been tightly bundled,
almost certainly had been defleshed, and were at least partially
articulated at the time of burial. Human remains from this site have
been radiocarbon dated to 4435 +/- 225 B.P., or 2600-2900 B.P., which
corresponds to the Late Archaic Period (5000-3000 B.P.) for the
Peddock's Island area. The red ochre found with the human remains
supports this date. The human remains are cranial and postcranial
fragments belonging to an adult male. No known individual was
identified. No associated funerary objects are present.
Between 1969 and 1972, human remains representing, at minimum, one
individual were removed by Dr. Dena Dincauze, David Braun, and William
Fitzhugh, as part of a Peabody Museum expedition, from Thompson's
Island in Boston Harbor. This habitation and midden site covers a large
part of the surface of the sandy elevation at the southeastern corner
of the island. Occupation most likely began during the Atlantic phase,
ca. 4000 B.P., and continued through the Late Woodland Period, ca.
1000-500 B.P. The interment is a shell midden sub-burial, which
indicates that it pre-dates at least some of the occupational periods
of the site. The burial position was most likely flexed with a northern
orientation. No artifacts were found within the burial pit and there
were no temporally diagnostic artifacts within the two clam shell
strata located directly above the burial. However, in other portions of
the site similar clam shell strata contained artifacts ranging from
4000-500 B.P., suggesting that the burial dates to the earlier
occupational period of the Late Archaic. The human remains are cranial
fragments belonging to an adult of unknown sex. No known individual was
identified. No associated funerary objects are present.
Historical documents and other information obtained through
consultation show that areas of northeastern Massachusetts were
aboriginally occupied by the Wampanoag people. These types of sources
also show that portions of Suffolk, Essex, Norfolk, and Middlesex
Counties, MA, were aboriginally occupied by the Massachusett and
Pawtucket peoples, neither of whom are represented by any federally
recognized Indian Tribe.
Determinations Made by the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology,
Harvard University
Officials of the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology,
Harvard University have determined that:
<bullet> Pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001(9), the human remains described
in this notice are Native American based on osteological analysis,
archeological context, and museum records.
<bullet> Pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001(9), the human remains described
in this notice represent the physical remains of 277 individuals of
Native American ancestry.
<bullet> Pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001(3)(A), the 207 objects
described in this notice are reasonably believed to have been placed
with or near individual human remains at the time of death or later as
part of the death rite or ceremony.
<bullet> Pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001(2), a relationship of shared
group identity cannot be reasonably traced between the Native American
human remains and associated funerary objects and any present-day
Indian Tribe.
<bullet> Treaties, Acts of Congress, or Executive Orders, indicate
that the land from which the Native American human remains and
associated funerary objects were removed is the aboriginal land of the
Mashpee Wampanoag Tribe (previously listed as Mashpee Wampanoag Indian
Tribal Council, Inc.) and the Wampanoag Tribe of Gay Head (Aquinnah)
(hereafter referred to as ``The Tribes'').
<bullet> Pursuant to 43 CFR 10.11(c)(1), the disposition of the
human remains and associated funerary objects may be to The Tribes.
Additional Requestors and Disposition
Representatives of any Indian Tribe or Native Hawaiian organization
not identified in this notice that wish to request transfer of control
of these human remains and associated funerary objects should submit a
written request with information in support of the request to Jane
Pickering, William & Muriel Seabury Howells Director, Peabody Museum of
Archaeology and Ethnology, Harvard University, 11 Divinity Avenue,
Cambridge, MA 02138, telephone (617) 496-2374, email
<a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#462c362f252d23342f282106202735682e27343027342268232233"><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="99f3e9f0faf2fcebf0f7fed9fff8eab7f1f8ebeff8ebfdb7fcfdec">[email protected]</span></a>, by December 19, 2022. After that date, if
no additional requestors have come forward, transfer of control of the
human remains and associated funerary objects to The Tribes may
proceed.
The Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, Harvard University
is responsible for notifying The Consulted Tribes and Groups that this
notice has been published.
Dated: November 9, 2022.
Melanie O'Brien,
Manager, National NAGPRA Program.
[FR Doc. 2022-25136 Filed 11-17-22; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4312-52-P
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</html>Indexed from Federal Register on November 18, 2022.
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