Proposed Rule2022-25016
Airworthiness Directives; Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. Turbofan Engines
Primary source
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Published
November 18, 2022
Issuing agencies
Transportation DepartmentFederal Aviation Administration
Abstract
The FAA proposes to supersede Airworthiness Directive (AD) 2004-04-09, which applies to certain Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. (P&WC) JT15D-1, JT15D-1A, and JT15D-1B model turbofan engines. AD 2004- 04-09 requires a one-time borescope inspection (BSI) of the rear face of certain impellers for evidence of a machined groove or step, and repair or replacement of the impeller if a groove or step is found. Since the FAA issued AD 2004-04-09, the FAA was notified of an uncontained failure of an impeller installed on a P&WC JT15D-1A engine during takeoff and subsequent investigation by the manufacturer that discovered machining marks on the impeller. This proposed AD would require borescope fluorescent penetrant inspection (FPI) of the rear face of certain impellers for evidence of machining witness lines and, depending on the results of the inspection, replacement of the impeller, as specified in a Transport Canada AD, which is proposed for incorporation by reference (IBR). The FAA is proposing this AD to address the unsafe condition on these products.
Full Text
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<title>Federal Register, Volume 87 Issue 222 (Friday, November 18, 2022)</title>
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[Federal Register Volume 87, Number 222 (Friday, November 18, 2022)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 69231-69234]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [<a href="http://www.gpo.gov">www.gpo.gov</a>]
[FR Doc No: 2022-25016]
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DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Federal Aviation Administration
14 CFR Part 39
[Docket No. FAA-2022-1478; Project Identifier MCAI-2022-00668-E]
RIN 2120-AA64
Airworthiness Directives; Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. Turbofan
Engines
AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT.
ACTION: Notice of proposed rulemaking (NPRM).
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SUMMARY: The FAA proposes to supersede Airworthiness Directive (AD)
2004-04-09, which applies to certain Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp.
(P&WC) JT15D-1, JT15D-1A, and JT15D-1B model turbofan engines. AD 2004-
04-09 requires a one-time borescope inspection (BSI) of the rear face
of certain impellers for evidence of a machined groove or step, and
repair or replacement of the impeller if a groove or step is found.
Since the FAA issued AD 2004-04-09, the FAA was notified of an
uncontained failure of an impeller installed on a P&WC JT15D-1A engine
during takeoff and subsequent investigation by the manufacturer that
discovered machining marks on the impeller. This proposed AD would
require borescope fluorescent penetrant inspection (FPI) of the rear
face of certain impellers for evidence of machining witness lines and,
depending on the results of the inspection, replacement of the
impeller, as specified in a Transport Canada AD, which is proposed for
incorporation by reference (IBR). The FAA is proposing this AD to
address the unsafe condition on these products.
DATES: The FAA must receive comments on this NPRM by January 3, 2023.
ADDRESSES: You may send comments, using the procedures found in 14 CFR
11.43 and 11.45, by any of the following methods:
<bullet> Federal eRulemaking Portal: Go to <a href="http://regulations.gov">regulations.gov</a>. Follow
the instructions for submitting comments.
<bullet> Fax: (202) 493-2251.
<bullet> Mail: U.S. Department of Transportation, Docket
Operations, M-30, West Building Ground Floor, Room W12-140, 1200 New
Jersey Avenue SE, Washington, DC 20590.
<bullet> Hand Delivery: Deliver to Mail address above between 9
a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday through Friday, except Federal holidays.
[[Page 69232]]
AD Docket: You may examine the AD docket at <a href="http://regulations.gov">regulations.gov</a> under
Docket No. FAA-2022-1478 or in person at Docket Operations between 9
a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday through Friday, except Federal holidays. The AD
docket contains this NPRM, the mandatory continuing airworthiness
information (MCAI), any comments received, and other information. The
street address for Docket Operations is listed above.
Material Incorporated by Reference:
<bullet> For material that is proposed for IBR in this AD, contact
Transport Canada, Transport Canada National Aircraft Certification, 159
Cleopatra Drive, Nepean, Ontario K1A 0N5, Canada; phone: (888) 663-
3639; email: <a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#bdfcf990fef3fdc9de93dade93dedc"><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="6726234a2429271304490004490406">[email protected]</span></a>. You may find this material on the
Transport Canada website at tc.canada.ca/en/aviation.
<bullet> You may view this material at the FAA, Airworthiness
Products Section, Operational Safety Branch, 1200 District Avenue,
Burlington, MA 01803. For information on the availability of this
material at the FAA, call (817) 222-5110.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Barbara Caufield, Aviation Safety
Engineer, ECO Branch, FAA, 1200 District Avenue, Burlington, MA 01803;
phone: (781) 238-7146; email: <a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#365457445457445718555743505f535a527650575718515940"><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="1e7c7f6c7c7f6c7f307d7f6b78777b727a5e787f7f30797168">[email protected]</span></a>.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Comments Invited
The FAA invites you to send any written relevant data, views, or
arguments about this proposal. Send your comments to an address listed
under ADDRESSES. Include ``Docket No. FAA-2022-1478; Project Identifier
MCAI-2022-00668-E'' at the beginning of your comments. The most helpful
comments reference a specific portion of the proposal, explain the
reason for any recommended change, and include supporting data. The FAA
will consider all comments received by the closing date and may amend
the proposal because of those comments.
Except for Confidential Business Information (CBI) as described in
the following paragraph, and other information as described in 14 CFR
11.35, the FAA will post all comments received, without change, to
<a href="http://regulations.gov">regulations.gov</a>, including any personal information you provide. The
agency will also post a report summarizing each substantive verbal
contact we receive about this proposed AD.
Confidential Business Information
CBI is commercial or financial information that is both customarily
and actually treated as private by its owner. Under the Freedom of
Information Act (FOIA) (5 U.S.C. 552), CBI is exempt from public
disclosure. If your comments responsive to this NPRM contain commercial
or financial information that is customarily treated as private, that
you actually treat as private, and that is relevant or responsive to
this NPRM, it is important that you clearly designate the submitted
comments as CBI. Please mark each page of your submission containing
CBI as ``PROPIN.'' The FAA will treat such marked submissions as
confidential under the FOIA, and they will not be placed in the public
docket of this NPRM. Submissions containing CBI should be sent to
Barbara Caufield, Aviation Safety Engineer, ECO Branch, FAA, 1200
District Avenue, Burlington, MA 01803. Any commentary that the FAA
receives which is not specifically designated as CBI will be placed in
the public docket for this rulemaking.
Background
The FAA issued AD 2004-04-09, Amendment 39-13490 (69 FR 9520, March
1, 2004) (AD 2004-04-09), for certain P&WC JT15D-1, JT15D-1A, and
JT15D-1B model turbofan engines. AD 2004-04-09 was prompted by three
reports of uncontained failure of the impeller. AD 2004-04-09 requires
a one-time borescope inspection of the rear face of certain impellers
for evidence of a machined groove or step, and repair or replacement of
the impeller if a groove or step is found. The FAA issued AD 2004-04-09
to prevent uncontained failure of the impeller and possible damage to
the airplane.
Actions Since AD 2004-04-09 Was Issued
Since the FAA issued AD 2004-04-09, Transport Canada, which is the
aviation authority for Canada, has issued Transport Canada AD CF-2022-
27, dated June 2, 2022 (Transport Canada AD CF-2022-27), to address an
unsafe condition for P&WC JT15D-1, JT15D-1A, and JT15D-1B model
turbofan engines. The MCAI states that there has been one recent in-
service event of a JT15D-1A engine uncontained failure during a takeoff
roll of the airplane. An investigation by P&WC has determined that a
crack originated from machining marks on the back face of the impeller
and subsequently propagated until the impeller fractured. There is
evidence that the event engine had been previously inspected in
accordance with P&WC Service Bulletin (SB) No. JT15D-72-7590, dated May
23, 2003 (mandated by Transport Canada AD CF-2003-17, dated June 23,
2003), but it appears that the machining marks were not detected. P&WC,
therefore, published P&WC SB JT15D-72-7655, Original Issue, dated April
14, 2022, to inspect the rear face of the impeller using a new
borescope FPI procedure. As a result, Transport Canada issued AD CF-
2022-27 to require accomplishment of the borescope FPI at the next hot
section inspection until the impeller, part number (P/N) 3020365, is
replaced at the next scheduled engine overhaul.
This proposed AD was prompted by three prior reports of uncontained
failure of the impeller, and one additional recent report of an in-
service uncontained failure event. The FAA is proposing this AD to
address uncontained failure of the impeller. This condition, if not
addressed, could result in fracture of the impeller, subsequent
uncontained failure of the engine, and damage to the airplane. See
Transport Canada AD CF-2022-27 for additional background information.
You may examine the MCAI in the AD docket at <a href="http://regulations.gov">regulations.gov</a> under
Docket No. FAA-2022-1478.
FAA's Determination
This product has been approved by the aviation authority of another
country, and is approved for operation in the United States. Pursuant
to the FAA's bilateral agreement with the State of Design Authority,
the FAA has been notified of the unsafe condition described in the
Transport Canada AD. The FAA is issuing this AD after determining that
the unsafe condition described previously is likely to exist or develop
in other products of the same type design.
Related Service Information Under 1 CFR Part 51
The FAA reviewed Transport Canada AD CF-2022-27. Transport Canada
AD CF-2022-27 specifies instructions for performing a one-time
inspection of the rear face of the impeller and replacing the impeller
if unacceptable machining witness lines or crack indications are found.
Transport Canada AD CF-2022-27 also specifies instructions for
replacing the impeller at the next scheduled engine overhaul.
This material is reasonably available because the interested
parties have access to it through their normal course of business or by
the means identified in ADDRESSES.
Proposed AD Requirements in This NPRM
This proposed AD would retain none of the requirements of AD 2004-
04-09. This proposed AD would require
[[Page 69233]]
accomplishing the actions specified in Transport Canada AD CF-2022-27,
described previously.
Explanation of Required Compliance Information
In the FAA's ongoing efforts to improve the efficiency of the AD
process, the FAA developed a process to use some civil aviation
authority (CAA) ADs as the primary source of information for compliance
with requirements for corresponding FAA ADs. The FAA has since
coordinated with other manufacturers and CAAs to use this process. As a
result, the FAA proposes to incorporate by reference Transport Canada
AD CF-2022-27 in the FAA final rule. This proposed AD would, therefore,
require compliance with Transport Canada AD CF-2022-27 in its entirety
through that incorporation. Using common terms that are the same as the
heading of a particular section in the Transport Canada AD does not
mean that operators need comply only with that section. For example,
where the AD requirement refers to ``Compliance,'' compliance with this
AD requirement is not limited to the section titled ``Corrective
Actions'' in Transport Canada AD CF-2022-27. Service information
required by the Transport Canada AD for compliance will be available at
<a href="http://regulations.gov">regulations.gov</a> by searching for and locating Docket No. FAA-2022-1478
after the FAA final rule is published.
Costs of Compliance
The FAA estimates that this AD, if adopted as proposed, would
affect 100 engines installed on airplanes of U.S. Registry.
The FAA estimates the following costs to comply with this proposed
AD:
Estimated Costs
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cost per Cost on U.S.
Action Labor cost Parts cost product operators
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Inspect impeller...................... 6 work-hours x $85 per $0 $510 $51,000
hour = $510.
Replace impeller...................... 30 work-hours x $85 per 75,000 77,550 7,755,000
hour = $2,550.
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Authority for This Rulemaking
Title 49 of the United States Code specifies the FAA's authority to
issue rules on aviation safety. Subtitle I, Section 106, describes the
authority of the FAA Administrator. Subtitle VII, Aviation Programs,
describes in more detail the scope of the Agency's authority.
The FAA is issuing this rulemaking under the authority described in
Subtitle VII, Part A, Subpart III, Section 44701, General requirements.
Under that section, Congress charges the FAA with promoting safe flight
of civil aircraft in air commerce by prescribing regulations for
practices, methods, and procedures the Administrator finds necessary
for safety in air commerce. This regulation is within the scope of that
authority because it addresses an unsafe condition that is likely to
exist or develop on products identified in this rulemaking action.
Regulatory Findings
The FAA determined that this proposed AD would not have federalism
implications under Executive Order 13132. This proposed AD would not
have a substantial direct effect on the States, on the relationship
between the national Government and the States, or on the distribution
of power and responsibilities among the various levels of government.
For the reasons discussed above, I certify this proposed
regulation:
(1) Is not a ``significant regulatory action'' under Executive
Order 12866,
(2) Would not affect intrastate aviation in Alaska, and
(3) Would not have a significant economic impact, positive or
negative, on a substantial number of small entities under the criteria
of the Regulatory Flexibility Act.
List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 39
Air transportation, Aircraft, Aviation safety, Incorporation by
reference, Safety.
The Proposed Amendment
Accordingly, under the authority delegated to me by the
Administrator, the FAA proposes to amend 14 CFR part 39 as follows:
PART 39--AIRWORTHINESS DIRECTIVES
0
1. The authority citation for part 39 continues to read as follows:
Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(g), 40113, 44701.
Sec. 39.13 [Amended]
0
2. The FAA amends Sec. 39.13 by:
0
a. Removing Airworthiness Directive 2004-04-09, Amendment 39-13490 (69
FR 9520, March 1, 2004); and
0
b. Adding the following new airworthiness directive:
Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp.: Docket No. FAA-2022-1478; Project
Identifier MCAI-2022-00668-E.
(a) Comments Due Date
The FAA must receive comments on this airworthiness directive
(AD) action by January 3, 2023.
(b) Affected ADs
This AD replaces AD 2004-04-09, Amendment 39-13490 (69 FR 9520,
March 1, 2004) (AD 2004-04-09).
(c) Applicability
This AD applies to Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. JT15D-1, JT15D-
1A, and JT15D-1B model turbofan engines as identified in Transport
Canada AD CF-2022-27, dated June 2, 2022 (Transport Canada AD CF-
2022-27).
(d) Subject
Joint Aircraft Service Component (JASC) Code 7230, Turbine
Engine Compressor Section.
(e) Unsafe Condition
This AD was prompted by three prior reports of uncontained
failure of the impeller, and one additional recent report of an in-
service uncontained failure event. The FAA is issuing this AD to
prevent uncontained failure of the impeller. The unsafe condition,
if not addressed, could result in fracture of the impeller,
subsequent uncontained failure of the engine, and damage to the
airplane.
(f) Compliance
Comply with this AD within the compliance times specified,
unless already done.
(g) Required Actions
Except as specified in paragraph (h) of this AD: Perform all
required actions within the compliance times specified in, and in
accordance with, Transport Canada AD CF-2022-27.
(h) No Reporting Requirement
Although the service information referenced in Transport Canada
AD CF-2022-27 specifies to submit certain information to the
manufacturer, this AD does not include that requirement.
(i) Alternative Methods of Compliance (AMOCs)
(1) The Manager, ECO Branch, FAA, has the authority to approve
AMOCs for this AD,
[[Page 69234]]
if requested using the procedures found in Sec. 39.19. In
accordance with Sec. 39.19, send your request to your principal
inspector or local Flight Standards District Office, as appropriate.
If sending information directly to the manager of the certification
office, send it to the attention of the person identified in
paragraph (j) of this AD and email it to: <a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#10515e553d51543d515d5f53507671713e777f66"><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="a7e6e9e28ae6e38ae6eae8e4e7c1c6c689c0c8d1">[email protected]</span></a>.
(2) Before using any approved AMOC, notify your appropriate
principal inspector, or lacking a principal inspector, the manager
of the local flight standards district office/certificate holding
district office.
(j) Additional Information
For more information about this AD, contact Barbara Caufield,
Aviation Safety Engineer, ECO Branch, FAA, 1200 District Avenue,
Burlington, MA 01803; phone: (781) 238-7146; email:
<a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#462427342427342768252733202f232a220620272768212930"><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="9bf9fae9f9fae9fab5f8faeefdf2fef7ffdbfdfafab5fcf4ed">[email protected]</span></a>.
(k) Material Incorporated by Reference
(1) The Director of the Federal Register approved the
incorporation by reference of the service information listed in this
paragraph under 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51.
(2) You must use this service information as applicable to do
the actions required by this AD, unless the AD specifies otherwise.
(i) Transport Canada AD CF-2022-27, dated June 2, 2022.
(ii) [Reserved]
(3) For Transport Canada AD CF-2022-27, contact Transport
Canada, Transport Canada National Aircraft Certification, 159
Cleopatra Drive, Nepean, Ontario K1A 0N5, Canada; phone: (888) 663-
3639; email: <a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#befffa93fdf0fecadd90d9dd90dddf"><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="bafbfe97f9f4faced994ddd994d9db">[email protected]</span></a>; website: tc.canada.ca/en/aviation.
(4) You may view this service information at the FAA,
Airworthiness Products Section, Operational Safety Branch, 1200
District Avenue, Burlington, MA 01803. For information on the
availability of this material at the FAA, call (817) 222-5110.
(5) You may view this service information that is incorporated
by reference at the National Archives and Records Administration
(NARA). For information on the availability of this material at
NARA, email: <a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#2147530f484f5251444255484e4f614f4053400f464e57"><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="6402164a0d0a17140107100d0b0a240a0516054a030b12">[email protected]</span></a>, or go to: <a href="http://www.archives.gov/federal-register/cfr/ibr-locations.html">www.archives.gov/federal-register/cfr/ibr-locations.html</a>.
Issued on November 10, 2022.
Christina Underwood,
Acting Director, Compliance & Airworthiness Division, Aircraft
Certification Service.
[FR Doc. 2022-25016 Filed 11-17-22; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910-13-P
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