Notice2021-22684
Self-Regulatory Organizations; MIAX PEARL, LLC; Notice of Filing and Immediate Effectiveness of a Proposed Rule Change To Amend the MIAX Pearl Options Fee Schedule
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Published
October 19, 2021
Issuing agencies
Securities and Exchange Commission
Full Text
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<title>Federal Register, Volume 86 Issue 199 (Tuesday, October 19, 2021)</title>
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[Federal Register Volume 86, Number 199 (Tuesday, October 19, 2021)]
[Notices]
[Pages 57879-57882]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [<a href="http://www.gpo.gov">www.gpo.gov</a>]
[FR Doc No: 2021-22684]
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SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
[Release No. 34-93298; File No. SR-PEARL-2021-44]
Self-Regulatory Organizations; MIAX PEARL, LLC; Notice of Filing
and Immediate Effectiveness of a Proposed Rule Change To Amend the MIAX
Pearl Options Fee Schedule
October 13, 2021.
Pursuant to the provisions of Section 19(b)(1) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 (``Act'') \1\ and Rule 19b-4 thereunder,\2\ notice
is hereby given that on September 30, 2021, MIAX PEARL, LLC (``MIAX
Pearl'' or ``Exchange'') filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission (``Commission'') a proposed rule change as described in
Items I, II, and III below, which Items have been prepared by the
Exchange. The Commission is publishing this notice to solicit comments
on the proposed rule change from interested persons.
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\1\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
\2\ 17 CFR 240.19b-4.
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I. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement of the Terms of Substance
of the Proposed Rule Change
The Exchange is filing a proposal to amend the MIAX Pearl Options
Fee Schedule (the ``Fee Schedule'').
The text of the proposed rule change is available on the Exchange's
website at <a href="http://www.miaxoptions.com/rule-filings/pearl">http://www.miaxoptions.com/rule-filings/pearl</a> at MIAX
Pearl's principal office, and at the Commission's Public Reference
Room.
II. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement of the Purpose of, and
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule Change
In its filing with the Commission, the Exchange included statements
concerning the purpose of and basis for the proposed rule change and
discussed any comments it received on the proposed rule change. The
text of these statements may be examined at the places specified in
Item IV below. The Exchange has prepared summaries, set forth in
sections A, B, and C below, of the most significant aspects of such
statements.
A. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement of the Purpose of, and
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule Change
1. Purpose
The Exchange proposes to amend the Add/Remove Tiered Rebates/Fees
set forth in Section 1)a) of the Fee Schedule
[[Page 57880]]
that apply to the Priority Customer \3\ Origin, to reduce the Maker
rebate in Tier 2 (defined below) for options transactions in Penny
Classes (defined below) from ($0.40) to ($0.25).
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\3\ ``Priority Customer'' means a person or entity that (i) is
not a broker or dealer in securities, and (ii) does not place more
than 390 orders in listed options per day on average during a
calendar month for its own beneficial accounts(s). The number of
orders shall be counted in accordance with Interpretation and Policy
.01 of Exchange Rule 100. See Exchange Rule 100, including
Interpretation and Policy .01. See the Definitions Section of the
Fee Schedule.
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Background
The Exchange currently assesses transaction rebates and fees to all
market participants which are based upon the total monthly volume
executed by the Member \4\ on MIAX Pearl in the relevant, respective
origin type (not including Excluded Contracts) \5\ (as the numerator)
expressed as a percentage of (divided by) TCV \6\ (as the denominator).
In addition, the per contract transaction rebates and fees are applied
retroactively to all eligible volume for that origin type once the
respective threshold tier (``Tier'') has been reached by the Member.
The Exchange aggregates the volume of Members and their Affiliates.\7\
Members that place resting liquidity, i.e., orders resting on the book
of the MIAX Pearl System,\8\ are paid the specified ``maker'' rebate
(each a ``Maker''), and Members that execute against resting liquidity
are assessed the specified ``taker'' fee (each a ``Taker''). For
opening transactions and ABBO \9\ uncrossing transactions, per contract
transaction rebates and fees are waived for all market participants.
Finally, Members are assessed lower transaction fees and receive lower
rebates for order executions in standard option classes in the Penny
Interval Program \10\ (``Penny Classes'') than for order executions in
standard option classes which are not in the Penny Interval Program
(``Non-Penny Classes''), where Members are assessed higher transaction
fees and receive higher rebates.
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\4\ ``Member'' means an individual or organization that is
registered with the Exchange pursuant to Chapter II of the Exchange
Rules for purposes of trading on the Exchange as an ``Electronic
Exchange Member'' or ``Market Maker.'' Members are deemed
``members'' under the Exchange Act. See the Definitions Section of
the Fee Schedule and Exchange Rule 100.
\5\ ``Excluded Contracts'' means any contracts routed to an away
market for execution. See the Definitions Section of the Fee
Schedule.
\6\ ``TCV'' means total consolidated volume calculated as the
total national volume in those classes listed on MIAX Pearl for the
month for which the fees apply, excluding consolidated volume
executed during the period time in which the Exchange experiences an
``Exchange System Disruption'' (solely in the option classes of the
affected Matching Engine (as defined below)). The term Exchange
System Disruption, which is defined in the Definitions section of
the Fee Schedule, means an outage of a Matching Engine or collective
Matching Engines for a period of two consecutive hours or more,
during trading hours. The term Matching Engine, which is also
defined in the Definitions section of the Fee Schedule, is a part of
the MIAX Pearl electronic system that processes options orders and
trades on a symbol-by-symbol basis. Some Matching Engines will
process option classes with multiple root symbols, and other
Matching Engines may be dedicated to one single option root symbol
(for example, options on SPY may be processed by one single Matching
Engine that is dedicated only to SPY). A particular root symbol may
only be assigned to a single designated Matching Engine. A
particular root symbol may not be assigned to multiple Matching
Engines. The Exchange believes that it is reasonable and appropriate
to select two consecutive hours as the amount of time necessary to
constitute an Exchange System Disruption, as two hours equates to
approximately 1.4% of available trading time per month. The Exchange
notes that the term ``Exchange System Disruption'' and its meaning
have no applicability outside of the Fee Schedule, as it is used
solely for purposes of calculating volume for the threshold tiers in
the Fee Schedule. See the Definitions Section of the Fee Schedule.
\7\ ``Affiliate'' means (i) an affiliate of a Member of at least
75% common ownership between the firms as reflected on each firm's
Form BD, Schedule A, or (ii) the Appointed Market Maker of an
Appointed EEM (or, conversely, the Appointed EEM of an Appointed
Market Maker). An ``Appointed Market Maker'' is a MIAX Pearl Market
Maker (who does not otherwise have a corporate affiliation based
upon common ownership with an EEM) that has been appointed by an EEM
and an ``Appointed EEM'' is an EEM (who does not otherwise have a
corporate affiliation based upon common ownership with a MIAX Pearl
Market Maker) that has been appointed by a MIAX Pearl Market Maker,
pursuant to the process described in the Fee Schedule. See the
Definitions Section of the Fee Schedule.
\8\ The term ``System'' means the automated trading system used
by the Exchange for the trading of securities. See Exchange Rule
100.
\9\ ``ABBO'' means the best bid(s) or offer(s) disseminated by
other Eligible Exchanges (defined in Exchange Rule 1400(g) and
calculated by the Exchange based on market information received by
the Exchange from OPRA. See the Definitions Section of the Fee
Schedule and Exchange Rule 100.
\10\ See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 88992 (June 2,
2020), 85 FR 35142 (June 8, 2020) (SR-PEARL-2020-06).
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Proposal
The Exchange proposes to amend the Maker rebate in Tier 2 for
options transactions in Penny Classes for the Priority Customer Origin.
Currently, the Exchange offers a Maker rebate of ($0.40) in Tier 2 for
options transactions in Penny Classes for the Priority Customer Origin.
The Exchange now proposes to decrease the Maker rebate in Tier 2 for
options transactions in Penny Classes for the Priority Customer Origin
from ($0.40) to ($0.25).
The purpose of this proposed change is for business and competitive
reasons. In order to attract order flow to the Exchange, the Exchange
initially set its Maker rebates and Takes fees so that they were
meaningfully higher/lower than other option exchanges that operate
comparable maker/taker price models. The Exchange believes that it is
appropriate to further adjust the specified Marker rebate so that it is
more in line with other exchanges,\11\ but will still remain
competitive such that it should enable the Exchange to continue to
attract order flow and maintain market share.
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\11\ The Exchange notes that NYSE Arca Options provides a rebate
of $0.27 for similar transactions. See NYSE Arca Options Fee
Schedule for 9-1-21, CUSTOMER PENNY POSTING CREDIT TIERS at <a href="https://www.nyse.com/publicdocs/nyse/markets/arca-options/NYSE_Arca_Options_Fee_Schedule.pdf">https://www.nyse.com/publicdocs/nyse/markets/arca-options/NYSE_Arca_Options_Fee_Schedule.pdf</a>. The Exchange also notes that the
Nasdaq Options Market provides a rebate of $0.25 for similar
transactions. See The Nasdaq Stock Market Fee Schedule, Options 7,
Section 2, Rebates to Add Liquidity in Penny Symbols, at <a href="https://listingcenter.nasdaq.com/rulebook/nasdaq/rules/Nasdaq%20Options%207">https://listingcenter.nasdaq.com/rulebook/nasdaq/rules/Nasdaq%20Options%207</a>.
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The Exchange has designated this change to be operative on October
1, 2021.
2. Statutory Basis
The Exchange believes that its proposal to amend its Fee Schedule
is consistent with Section 6(b) of the Act \12\ in general, and
furthers the objectives of Section 6(b)(4) of the Act,\13\ in that it
is an equitable allocation of reasonable dues, fees and other charges
among Exchange Members and issuers and other persons using its
facilities, and 6(b)(5) of the Act,\14\ in that it is designed to
prevent fraudulent and manipulative acts and practices, promote just
and equitable principles of trade, foster cooperation and coordination
with persons engaged in facilitating transactions in securities, remove
impediments to and perfect the mechanisms of a free and open market and
a national market system and, in general, protect investors and the
public interest.
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\12\ 15 U.S.C. 78f(b).
\13\ 15 U.S.C. 78f(b)(4).
\14\ 15 U.S.C. 78f(b)(1) and (b)(5).
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The Exchange believes that its proposal provides for the equitable
allocation of reasonable dues and fees and is not unfairly
discriminatory for the following reasons. The Exchange operates in a
highly competitive market. The Commission has repeatedly expressed its
preference for competition over regulatory intervention in determining
prices, products, and services in the securities markets. In Regulation
NMS, the Commission highlighted the importance of market forces in
determining prices and SRO revenues and, also, recognized that current
regulation of the market system ``has been remarkably successful in
promoting market competition in its
[[Page 57881]]
broader forms that are most important to investors and listed
companies.'' \15\ There are currently 16 registered options exchanges
competing for order flow. Based on publicly-available information, and
excluding index-based options, for the month of September 2021, no
single exchange has more than approximately 11-12% of the market share
of executed volume of multiply-listed equity and exchange-traded fund
(``ETF'') options trades as of September 20, 2021.\16\ Therefore, no
exchange possesses significant pricing power in the execution of
multiply-listed equity and ETF options order flow. More specifically,
as of September 20, 2021, the Exchange had a market share of
approximately 3.55% of executed volume of multiply-listed equity and
ETF options for the month of September 2021.\17\
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\15\ See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 51808 (June 9,
2005), 70 FR 37496 (June 29, 2005).
\16\ See MIAX's ``The Market at a Glance'', available at <a href="https://www.miaxoptions.com/">https://www.miaxoptions.com/</a> (last visited September 20, 2021).
\17\ See id.
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The Exchange believes that the ever-shifting market shares among
the exchanges from month to month demonstrates that market participants
can shift order flow, or discontinue or reduce use of certain
categories of products, in response to transaction and/or non-
transaction fee changes. For example, on February 28, 2019, the
Exchange filed with the Commission a proposal to increase Taker fees in
certain Tiers for options transactions in certain Penny classes for
Priority Customers and decrease Maker rebates in certain Tiers for
options transactions in Penny classes for Priority Customers (which fee
was to be effective March 1, 2019).\18\ The Exchange experienced a
decrease in total market share between the months of February and March
of 2019, after the fees were in effect. Accordingly, the Exchange
believes that the March 1, 2019 fee change may have contributed to the
decrease in the Exchange's market share and, as such, the Exchange
believes competitive forces constrain options exchange transaction fees
and market participants can shift order flow based on fee changes
instituted by the exchanges.
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\18\ See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 85304 (March 13,
2019), 84 FR 10144 (March 19, 2019) (SR-PEARL-2019-07).
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The Exchange believes its proposal to decrease the Maker rebate in
Tier 2 for options transactions in Penny Classes for Priority Customers
is reasonable, equitable and not unfairly discriminatory because all
similarly situated market participants in the same Origin type are
subject to the same tiered Maker rebates and Taker fees and access to
the Exchange is offered on terms that are not unfairly discriminatory.
The Exchange believes it is equitable and not unfairly discriminatory
to reduce the Maker rebate to Priority Customer orders in Penny Classes
for business and competitive reasons because the Exchange initially set
its Maker rebates for such orders higher than certain other option
exchanges that operate comparable maker/taker pricing models. The
Exchange now believes that it is appropriate to further decrease the
specified Maker rebate so that it is more in line with other
exchanges,\19\ and will still remain competitive such that it should
enable the Exchange to continue to attract order flow and maintain
market share.
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\19\ See supra note 11.
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B. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement on Burden on Competition
The Exchange does not believe that the proposed rule changes will
impose any burden on competition not necessary or appropriate in
furtherance of the purposes of the Act.
The Exchange believes its proposal will not impose any burden on
intra-market competition because the Exchange believes that its
proposal will not place any category of Exchange market participant at
a competitive disadvantage. The Exchange believes that its proposal
will continue to encourage Priority Customer volume to be executed on
the Exchange, which will attract further liquidity to the Exchange and
benefit all market participants. Accordingly, the Exchange believes
that the proposed changes will continue to attract order flow to the
Exchange, thereby encouraging additional volume and liquidity to the
benefit of all market participants.
The Exchange believes its proposal will not impose any burden on
inter-market competition because the Exchange notes that it operates in
a highly competitive market in which market participants can readily
favor competing venues if they deem fee levels at a particular venue to
be excessive, or rebate opportunities available at other venues to be
more favorable. In such an environment, the Exchange must continually
adjust its fees to remain competitive with other options exchanges.
Because competitors are free to modify their own fees in response, and
because market participants may readily adjust their order routing
practices, the Exchange believes that the degree to which fee changes
in this market may impose any burden on competition is extremely
limited. The Exchange believes that the proposed rule changes reflect
this competitive environment because they modify the Exchange's fees in
a manner that encourages market participants to continue to provide
liquidity and to send order flow to the Exchange.
C. Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement on Comments on the Proposed
Rule Change Received From Members, Participants, or Others
Written comments were neither solicited nor received.
III. Date of Effectiveness of the Proposed Rule Change and Timing for
Commission Action
The foregoing rule change has become effective pursuant to Section
19(b)(3)(A)(ii) of the Act,\20\ and Rule 19b-4(f)(2) \21\ thereunder.
At any time within 60 days of the filing of the proposed rule change,
the Commission summarily may temporarily suspend such rule change if it
appears to the Commission that such action is necessary or appropriate
in the public interest, for the protection of investors, or otherwise
in furtherance of the purposes of the Act. If the Commission takes such
action, the Commission shall institute proceedings to determine whether
the proposed rule should be approved or disapproved.
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\20\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(3)(A)(ii).
\21\ 17 CFR 240.19b-4(f)(2).
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IV. Solicitation of Comments
Interested persons are invited to submit written data, views, and
arguments concerning the foregoing, including whether the proposed rule
change is consistent with the Act. Comments may be submitted by any of
the following methods:
Electronic Comments
<bullet> Use the Commission's internet comment form (<a href="http://www.sec.gov/rules/sro.shtml">http://www.sec.gov/rules/sro.shtml</a>); or
<bullet> Send an email to <a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#92e0e7fef7bff1fdfffff7fce6e1d2e1f7f1bcf5fde4"><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="384a4d545d155b5755555d564c4b784b5d5b165f574e">[email protected]</span></a>. Please include
File Number SR-PEARL-2021-44 on the subject line.
Paper Comments
<bullet> Send paper comments in triplicate to Secretary, Securities
and Exchange Commission, 100 F Street NE, Washington, DC 20549-1090.
All submissions should refer to File Number SR-PEARL-2021-44. This file
number should be included on the subject line if email is used. To help
the Commission process and review your comments more efficiently,
please use only one method. The Commission will
[[Page 57882]]
post all comments on the Commission's internet website (<a href="http://www.sec.gov/rules/sro.shtml">http://www.sec.gov/rules/sro.shtml</a>). Copies of the submission, all subsequent
amendments, all written statements with respect to the proposed rule
change that are filed with the Commission, and all written
communications relating to the proposed rule change between the
Commission and any person, other than those that may be withheld from
the public in accordance with the provisions of 5 U.S.C. 552, will be
available for website viewing and printing in the Commission's Public
Reference Room, 100 F Street NE, Washington, DC 20549, on official
business days between the hours of 10:00 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. Copies of
the filing also will be available for inspection and copying at the
principal office of the Exchange. All comments received will be posted
without change. Persons submitting comments are cautioned that we do
not redact or edit personal identifying information from comment
submissions. You should submit only information that you wish to make
available publicly. All submissions should refer to File Number SR-
PEARL-2021-44, and should be submitted on or before November 9, 2021.
For the Commission, by the Division of Trading and Markets,
pursuant to delegated authority.\22\
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\22\ 17 CFR 200.30-3(a)(12).
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J. Matthew DeLesDernier,
Assistant Secretary.''
[FR Doc. 2021-22684 Filed 10-18-21; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 8011-01-P
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