All Comparison Tables

Occupational Licensing Burden by State

Federal & State Law Editorial TeamLast reviewed: April 2026

Approximate number of lower-income occupations subject to state licensing, average education and training hours required, and whether the state has universal license recognition for newcomers.

50 States2 data columnsLast updated: May 2026

Click any column header to sort ascending or descending. Click again to reverse, and a third time to reset.

Occupations LicensedAvg Training HoursUniversal Recognition
151Avg 320 hrsLimited
155Avg 343 hrsYes
176Avg 599 hrsYes (universal)
172Avg 282 hrsYes
177Avg 549 hrsLimited
180Avg 354 hrsLimited
155Avg 462 hrsLimited
169Avg 333 hrsLimited
158Avg 530 hrsLimited
179Avg 359 hrsLimited
199Avg 724 hrsLimited
146Avg 264 hrsYes (universal)
192Avg 462 hrsLimited
155Avg 388 hrsLimited
169Avg 350 hrsYes
153Avg 314 hrsYes
176Avg 351 hrsYes
177Avg 466 hrsLimited
183Avg 339 hrsLimited
182Avg 416 hrsLimited
170Avg 412 hrsLimited
176Avg 412 hrsYes
166Avg 320 hrsLimited
146Avg 365 hrsYes
158Avg 270 hrsYes (universal)
160Avg 297 hrsYes
158Avg 222 hrsYes
177Avg 601 hrsLimited
153Avg 254 hrsYes
177Avg 290 hrsYes
165Avg 391 hrsYes
176Avg 414 hrsLimited
171Avg 313 hrsLimited
144Avg 305 hrsLimited
173Avg 358 hrsYes
170Avg 280 hrsLimited
170Avg 401 hrsLimited
168Avg 333 hrsYes
166Avg 367 hrsLimited
157Avg 332 hrsLimited
140Avg 240 hrsYes
166Avg 318 hrsLimited
158Avg 372 hrsLimited
164Avg 354 hrsYes (universal)
161Avg 326 hrsLimited
167Avg 320 hrsLimited
177Avg 423 hrsLimited
159Avg 286 hrsLimited
146Avg 351 hrsYes
143Avg 285 hrsYes (universal)
165Avg 320 hrsLimited

Counts are derived from the Institute for Justice's License to Work (3rd ed., 2022). Universal license recognition laws (sometimes called 'license freedom' acts) allow workers licensed in another state to obtain the equivalent license without retesting if they meet experience requirements. Arizona was the first state to enact universal recognition in 2019; more than a dozen states have followed. Federal occupations (doctors, lawyers, engineers in federal practice) operate under separate frameworks.

This is legal information, not legal advice. Laws vary by jurisdiction and change frequently. Always verify current law with official sources and consult a licensed attorney in your jurisdiction for advice on your specific situation.